Afghanistan

Adopted 2002
1996-2001
1992-1996
1987-1992
1980-1987
1978-1980
1973-1978
Royal Emblem to 1973

 

Part of Persia

To Macedon

Greek Kingdom of Bactria

Part of Persia

Kingdom of Afghanistan

Part of Mongol Empire

Part of Mogul Empire

   Jul 1747 - 02 Oct 1880 Emirate of Afghanistan under Kabul

07 Aug 1839 - 06 Jan 1842 British occupation of Kabul

12 Oct 1879 - 08 Aug 1919 British protectorate

02 Oct 1880               God-Granted State of Afghanistan

08 Aug 1919               Independence

09 Jun 1926               Kingdom of Afghanistan

17 Jan 1929               Exalted State of Afghanistan

17 Oct 1929               Kingdom of Afghanistan

17 Jul 1973               Republic of Afghanistan

01 May 1978               Democratic Republic of Afghanistan

27 Dec 1979 - 15 Feb 1989 Soviet occupation

28 Apr 1992               Islamic State of Afghanistan,

                           retains international recognition after 27 Sep 1996

26 Oct 1997 - 13 Nov 2001 Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban)

13 Nov 2001 -             NATO and international forces occupation

22 Dec 2001 - 13 Jun 2002 Interim Authority of Afghanistan

13 Jun 2002 - 26 Jan 2004 Transnational Islamic State of Afghanistan

26 Jan 2004 -             Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

Government: Islamic Republic.

Capital: Kabul.

Language: Pushto, Fahsi, Baluchi, Tajik, Uzbek, Turkmen, Kyrgyz.

Religion: Sunni Islam, Buddhism .

National Anthem: "Suroudi Milli" (Hymn of the People).

National: Emblem:

National Day: Independence day, 19th August, from UK (1919).

National Motto: None.

Currency: Afghani.

 

Monarchs

490-465 Masitses

340-329 Spitamana

330-329 Bessus

320     Oxyartes

Kings of Bactria

256-248 Diodotus I

248-235 Diodotus II

235-200 Euthidemus I

200-190 Euthidemus II

200-185 Dimitrius

185-175 Pantaleon

190-180 Antimachus I

180-165 Dimitrius II

180-165 Agathocles

171-155 Eucratides I

155-130 Menandar

155-140 Plato

155-140 Heliocles I

140-130 Eucratides II

130-125 Antimachus II

130-95  Strato

130-120 Archebius

125-115 Philoxenus

129-125 Zolios I

120-115 Heliocles II

120-110 Lysias

115-100 Antialcidas

115-95 Apollodotus

95-80 Zolios II

95-80 Dioysius

95-80 Apollophanes

95-85 Nicias

95-85 Diommedes

95-80 Telephus

85-70 Hippiostratus

85-75 Amyntas

79-75 Theopilus

75-55 Hermeaus

Kings of Afghanistan

121-144 Kanishka

962-963 Alptigin

977-997 Sebuk Tigin

997-998 Ismail I

998-1030 Yaminid, Mahmud I

1030-1031 Yaminid, Jalal ud Dawlah Mohammed I

1031-1041 Yaminid, Masud I

1041      Yaminid, Jalal ud Dawlah Mohammed II

1041-1050 Yaminid, Mawdud

1050      Yaminid, Masud II

1050      Yaminid, Ali

1050-1053 Yaminid, Izz ud Dawlah abd al Rashid

1053      Yaminid, Qiwam ud Dawlah Tughril

1053-1059 Yaminid, Jamal ud Farrukhzad

1059-1099 Yaminid, Zahir ud Dawlah Ibrahim

1099-1115 Yaminid, Masud III

1115      Yaminid, Shirzad

1115-1118 Yaminid, Arslan Shah

1118-1152 Yaminid, Yamin ud Dawlah Bahram Shah

1152-1160 Yaminid, Muizz ud Dawlah Khusra Shah

1160-1186 Yaminid, Taj ud Dawlah Khusrau Malik

1419-1427 Timurid, Suurgatmish ibn Shah Rukh

1427-1439 Masud

1439-1451 Karuchar

1451-1457 Abu al-Qasim Babur

1461-1501 Ulugh Beg II

1501-1502 Zu-n-Nun Beg Argun (1st Time)

1502-1503 Abd al-Razzak

1503-1504 Zu-n-Nun Beg Argun (2nd Time)

1504-1530 Mohammad Zahir ad-din Babur ibn Umar Sheikh

1709-1722 Mir Wias

1722-1738 Ashraf

Monarchs of Afghanistan

02 Oct 1880 - 03 Oct 1901 Barakzai, Abdur Ramman Khan ....... 1844-1901

03 Oct 1901 - 20 Feb 1919 Barakzai, Habibollah I ............ 1872-1919

20 Feb      - 28 Feb 1919 Barakzai, Nasrollah Khan .......... 1875-1919

28 Feb 1919 - 14 Jan 1929 Barakzai, Ahmanollah .............. 1892-1960

14 Jan      - 17 Jan 1929 Barakzai, Inayatollah ............. 1888-1946

17 Jan      - 13 Oct 1929 Ghazi, Habibollah II .............. 1890-1929

17 Oct 1929 - 08 Nov 1933 Barakzai, Mohammad Nadir Shah ..... 1880-1933

08 Nov 1933 - 17 Jul 1973 Barakzai, Mohammad Zahir Shah ..... 1914-2007

 

Presidents

17 Jul 1973 - 27 Apr 1978 Sardar Mohammad Daud Khan ......... 1909-1978

27 Apr      - 30 Apr 1978 Abdul Qadir Dagarwal .............. 1944-

16 Apr      - 28 Apr 1992 Abdul Rahim Hatef ................. 1925-

28 Apr      - 28 Jun 1992 Sibghatullah Mojadedi ............. 1925-

28 Jun 1992 - 22 Dec 2001 Burhanuddin Rabbini ............... 1940-2011

                          (in internal exile from 27 Sep 1996)

Amir al-Mo`menim (Leader of the faithfull)

27 Sep 1996 - 13 Nov 2001 Mullah Mohammad Omar Akhund  ...... 1959-

President

22 Dec 2001 - 29 Sep 2014 Hamid Karzai ...................... 1957-

                          (interim to 19 Jun 2002)

29 Sep 2014 -             Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai ............. 1949-

 

 

Prime Ministers

1892 - 1901               Mir Abul Qasim

1901 - 1916               Sirdar Abdul al-Qudduz Khan (1st Time)

1916 - 1919               Sirdar Nasr Ullah Khan

       1919 - 25 Oct 1927 Sirdar Abdul al-Qudduz Khan (2nd Time)

25 Oct 1927 - 14 Jan 1929 Sardar Shir Ahmad Sura-i-Milli .... 1885-19?

14 Jan      - 01 Nov 1929 Shir Giyan ........................ 18..-1929

14 Nov 1929 -    May 1946 Sardar Mohammad Hashim Khan ....... 1885-1953

   May 1946 - 07 Sep 1953 Sardar Shah Mahmud Khan ........... 1890-1959

07 Sep 1953 - 10 Mar 1963 Sardar Mohammad Daud Shah

10 Mar 1963 - 02 Nov 1965 Mohammad Yusuf Khan ............... 1917-1998

02 Nov 1965 - 11 Oct 1967 Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal ........ 1919-1973

11 Oct      - 01 Nov 1967 Abdullah Yaqta .................... 1914-

01 Nov 1967 - 09 Jun 1971 Mohammad Nur Ahmad Etemadi ........ 1921-1979

09 Jun 1971 - 12 Dec 1972 Sharifi Abdul Zahir ............... 1910-1982

12 Dec 1972 - 17 Jul 1973 Mohammad Musa Shafiq .............. 1932-1979

06 Jul      - 15 Nov 1992 Abdul Sabur Farid Kuhestani ....... 1952-2007

17 Jun 1993 - 28 Jun 1994 Gulbuddin Hekmatyar ............... 1947-

                          (1st Time)

   Nov 1994 -    Jun 1995 Arsala Rahmani .................... 1937-

   Jun 1995 - 26 Jun 1996 Ahmad Shah Ahmadzai ............... 1944-

26 Jun      - 27 Sep 1996 Gulbuddin Hekmatyar (2nd Time)

Heads of the Supreme Council

27 Sep 1996 - 16 Apr 2001 Mullah Mohammad Rabbani Akhund .... 1955-2001

16 Apr      - 13 Nov 2001 Mawlawi Mohammad Abdul Kabir ...... 1958-

Chief Executive

29 Apr 2014 -             Abdullah Abdullah ................. 1960-

 

______________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

Commanders of the International Security Force in Afghanistan

15 Nov 2001 - 20 Jun 2002 John Charlmers McColl ............. 1952-     (UK)

20 Jun 2002 - 10 Feb 2003 Akin Zorlu ........................ 1948-     (Turkey)

10 Feb      - 11 Aug 2003 Norbert van Heyst ................. 1944-     (Netherlands)

11 Aug 2003 - 09 Feb 2004 Götz Gliemeroth ................... 1943-     (Germany)

09 Feb      - 09 Aug 2004 Rick J. Hillier ................... 1956-     (Canada)

09 Aug 2004 - 13 Feb 2005 Jean-Louis Py ..................... 1948-     (France)

13 Feb      - 05 Aug 2005 Ethem Erdagi ...................... 1949-     (Turkey)

05 Aug 2005 - 04 Mar 2006 Mauro Del Vecchio ................. 1946-     (Italy)

04 Mar 2006 - 06 Feb 2007 David J. Richards ................. 1952-     (UK)

06 Feb 2007 - 03 Jun 2008 Daniel K. McNeil .................. 1946-     (US)

03 Jun 2008 - 15 Jun 2009 David D. McKiernan ................ 1950-     (US)

15 Jun 2009 - 23 Jun 2010 Stanley Allen McChrystal .......... 1954-     (US)

23 Jun      - 04 Jul 2010 Sir Nicholas Ralph Parker ......... 1954-     (UK)

04 Jul 2010 - 18 Jul 2011 David Howell Petreaus ............. 1952-     (US)

18 Jul 2011 - 10 Feb 2013 John R. Allen ..................... 1953-     (US)

10 Feb 2013 -             Joseph F. Dunford, Jr. ............ 1955-     (US)

 

_____________________________________________________________________________________

 

Democratic Republic of Afghanistan

 

General Secretaries of the Peoples Democratic Communist Party

30 Apr 1978 - 16 Sep 1979 Nur Mohammad Takari ............... 1913-1979

16 Sep      - 27 Dec 1979 Hafizullah Amin ................... 1929-1979

27 Dec 1979 - 04 May 1986 Babrak Karmal ..................... 1929-1996

04 May 1986 - 16 Apr 1992 Dr Mohammad Najiullah Ahmadzai .... 1947-1996

 

Presidents of the Revolutionary Council

30 Apr 1978 - 16 Sep 1979 Nur Mohammad Taraki

16 Sep      - 27 Dec 1979 Hafizullah Amin

27 Dec 1979 - 24 Nov 1986 Babrak Karmal

24 Nov 1986 - 30 Sep 1987 Haji Mohammad Chamkani

20 Sep 1987 - 16 Apr 1992 Dr Mohammad Najibullah Ahmadzai

 

Prime Ministers

01 May 1978 - 27 Mar 1979 Nur Mohammad Taraki

27 Mar      - 27 Dec 1979 Hafizullah Amin

27 Dec 1979 - 11 Jun 1981 Babrak Karmal                                  

11 Jun 1981 - 26 May 1988 Sultan Ali Keshmtmand ............. 1935-

                          (1st Time)

26 May 1988 - 21 Feb 1989 Mohammad Hassan Sharq ............. 1925-

21 Feb 1989 - 08 May 1990 Sultan Ali Keshmtmand

                          (2nd Time)

08 May 1990 - 15 Apr 1992 Fazal Haq Khaliqyar ............... 1934-2004

 

 

 

Commanders of the Soviet Forces

27 Dec 1979 - 23 Sep 1980 Yuri Vladimirovich Tukharinov ..... 1927-1998

23 Sep 1980 - 07 May 1982 Boris Ivanovich Tkach

07 May 1982 - 04 Nov 1983 Viktor Fyodorovich Ermakov

04 Nov 1983 - 19 Apr 1985 Leonid Yevstafyevich Generalov .... 1937-1991

19 Apr 1985 - 30 Apr 1986 Igor Nikolayovich Rodionov

01 May 1986 - 31 May 1987 Viktor Petrovich Dubynin .......... 1943-1992

01 Jun 1987 - 15 Feb 1989 Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov