Baden

To 1918

1918-1935

 

21 Oct 1771               Baden reunited as Margravate of Baden

25 Jul 1803 - 25 Jul 1806 Electorate of Baden

25 Jul 1806               Grand Duchy of Baden

14 May      - 25 Jun 1849 Rebellion establishes Republic of Baden

22 Nov 1918               Free State of Baden

11 Mar 1933               End of the state government

07 Jul 1945               State dissolved

 

Grand Dukes

25 Jul 1803 - 10 Jun 1811 Zähringen, Karl Friedrich

                          (Elector to 25 Jul 1806)

10 Jun 1810 - 08 Dec 1818 Zähringen, Karl Ludwig Friedrich

08 Dec 1818 - 30 Mar 1830 Zähringen, Ludwig I

30 Mar 1830 - 24 Apr 1852 Zähringen, Leopold

24 Apr 1852 - 05 Sep 1856 Zähringen, Ludwig II

05 Sep 1856 - 28 Sep 1907 Zähringen, Friedrich I

28 Sep 1907 - 22 Nov 1918 Zähringen, Friedrich II

 

Chairmen of the Provisional Governemnt

14 May      - 25 Jun 1849 Lorenz Peter Brentano

State Presidents

14 Nov 1918 - 14 Aug 1920 Anton Geiss

14 Aug 1920 - 23 Nov 1921 Gustav Josef Ludwig Trunk

                          (1st Time)

23 Nov 1921 - 23 Nov 1922 Hermann Hummel

23 Nov 1922 - 23 Nov 1923 Adam Remmele (1st Time)

23 Nov 1923 - 23 Nov 1924 Heinrich Franz Köhler

                          (1st Time)

23 Nov 1924 - 23 Nov 1925 Wilhelm Hugo Hellpach

23 Nov 1925 - 23 Nov 1926 Gustav Josef Ludwig Trunk

                          (2nd Time)

23 Nov 1926 - 03 Feb 1927 Heinrich Franz Köhler

                          (2nd Time)

03 Feb      - 23 Nov 1927 Gustav Josef Ludwig Trunk

                          (3rd Time)

23 Nov 1927 - 23 Nov 1928 Adam Remmele (2nd Time)

23 Nov 1928 - 20 Nov 1930 Franz Josef Schmitt

                          (1st Time)

20 Nov 1930 - 10 Sep 1931 Franz Josef Wittemann

18 Sep 1931 - 11 Mar 1933 Franz Josef Schmitt 

                          (2nd Time)

Chief Ministers

27 Dec 1806 - 1808        .....

   Jul 1808               Emmerich Josef Freiherr

                           von Dalberg

1808 - 1809               Carl Wilhelm Freiherr von

                           Marschall von Bieberstein

Ministers of State

1809 - 1810               Sigismund Karl Freiherr von

                           Reitzenstein

       1810 - 13 Jan 1812 Christian Heinrich Freiherr

                           Gayling von Altheim

13 Jan 1812 - 1817        Karl Christian Freiherr

                           von Berckheim

1817 - 1818               Sigismund Karl Freiherr von

                           Reitzenstein

Presidents of the Ministry of State

   Dec 1818 - 08 Oct 1831 Wilhelm Ludwig Leopold Reinhard

                           Freiherr von Berstett

08 Oct 1831 -    Dec 1832 Sigismund Karl Freiherr von

                           Reitzenstein

   Jan 1833 - 27 Mar 1838 Georg Ludwig Winter

27 Mar 1838 -        1839 Karl Friedrich Nebenius (1st Time)

       1839 -    Mar 1845 Christian Friedrich von Boeck

   Mar 1845 - 19 Dec 1846 Karl Friedrich Nebenius (2nd Time)

19 Dec 1846 - 09 Mar 1848 Johann Baptist Bekk

09 Mar 1848 - 01 Jul 1849 Karl Georg Hoffmann

Ministers of State

01 Jul 1849 -    May 1856 Friedrich Adolf Klüber

   May 1856 - 02 Apr 1860 Franz Freiherr von Stengel

02 Apr 1860 - 27 Jul 1866 Anton von Stable

Presidents of the Ministry of State

27 Jul 1866 - 03 Feb 1868 Karl Mathy

12 Feb 1868 - 24 Sep 1876 Julius August Isaak Jolly

24 Sep 1876 - 07 Mar 1893 Ludwig Karl Friedrich Turban

07 Mar 1893 -    Jun 1901 Franz Wilhelm Nokk

   Jun 1901 - 08 Mar 1905 Karl Ludwig Wilhelm Arthur

                           von Brauer

08 Mar 1905 - 22 Dec 1917 Alexander Freiherr von Dusch

22 Dec 1917 - 14 Nov 1918 Heinrich Freiherr von und zu Bodman

Hessen und bei Rhein (-Darmstadt)

To 1806

1806-1918

1918-1935

 

 

31 Mar 1567               Hesse-Darmstadt one of the four

                           divisions of the Landgraviate of Hesse

13 Aug 1806               Grand Duchy of Hesse

03 Sep 1866               Mainz, Worms and Hesse-Homburg ceded to

                           Prussia

02 Mar 1919 - 19 Sep 1945 People's State of Hesse

13 Mar 1933               End of state government

 

Margraves

31 Aug 1678 - 12 Sep 1739 Ernst Ludwig

12 Sep 1739 - 17 Oct 1768 Ludwig VIII

17 Oct 1768 - 06 Apr 1790 Ludwig IX

06 Apr 1790 - 13 Aug 1806 Ludwig X

Grand Dukes

13 Aug 1806 - 06 Apr 1830 Ludwig I

06 Apr 1830 - 16 Jun 1848 Ludwig II

16 Jun 1848 - 13 Jun 1877 Ludwig III

13 Jun 1877 - 13 Mar 1892 Ludwig IV

13 Mar 1892 - 09 Nov 1918 Ernst Ludwig

 

Chairmen of the Council of State

05 Mar      -    Jun 1848 Heinrich Wilhelm August

                           Freiherr von Gagern

   Jun      -    Jul 1848 Carl Wilhelm Zimmermann

16 Jul 1848 - 01 Jun 1850 Heinrich Carl Jaup

01 Jun 1850 - 06 Apr 1871 Reinhard Karl Friedrich

                           Freiherr von Dalwigk zu Lichtenfels

06 Apr 1871 - 13 Sep 1872 Friedrich Friedrich von Lindelof

13 Sep 1872 -    May 1876 Karl Wilhelm Hofmann

   May 1876 -    May 1884 Philip Gustav August Julius Rinck

                           Freiherr von Starck

   May 1884 -        1898 Jakob Finger

       1898 - 29 Jan 1906 Carl Friedrich Bernhard Rothe

04 Feb 1906 - 11 Nov 1918 Christian Wilhelm Karl von Ewald

Minister-Presidents

11 Nov 1918 - 02 Mar 1928 Karl Ulrich

02 Mar 1928 - 13 Mar 1933 Bernhard Adelung

13 Mar      -    May 1933 Heinrich Josef Philipp Müller

   May      - 23 Sep 1933 Ferdinand Werner

Mecklenburg-Schwerin

1919-1933

To 1918

 

08 Mar 1701 - 14 Jun 1815 Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

14 Jun 1815               Elevated to a Grand Duchy

14 Nov 1918 - 31 Dec 1933 Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

01 Jan 1934               United with Mecklenburg-Strelitz as

                           Mecklenburg

 

Dukes

08 Mar 1701 - 31 Jul 1713 Friedrich Wilhelm

31 Jul 1713 - 28 Nov 1747 Karl Leopold

28 Nov 1747 - 30 May 1756 Christian Ludwig II

30 May 1756 - 24 Apr 1785 Friedrich "der Fromme"

24 Apr 1785 - 14 Jun 1815 Friedrich Franz I

Grand Dukes

14 Jun 1815 - 01 Feb 1837 Friedrich Franz I

01 Feb 1837 - 07 Mar 1842 Paul Friedrich

07 Mar 1842 - 15 Apr 1883 Friedrich Franz II

15 Apr 1883 - 10 Apr 1897 Friedrich Franz III

10 Apr 1897 - 09 Apr 1901 Johann Albrecht -Regent

10 Apr 1897 - 14 Nov 1918 Friedrich Franz IV

 

Prime Ministers

14 May 1783 - 17 May 1784 Carl Friedrich Graf

                           von Bassewitz

17 May 1784 - 26 Jan 1800 Stephan Werner von Dewitz

                           auf Cölpin

26 Jan 1800 - 24 Nov 1808 Bernhard Friedrich Graf

                           von Bassewitz

24 Nov 1808 - 12 Apr 1836 August Georg Freiherr

                           von Brandenstein

       1836 - 25 Apr 1837 Leopold Engelke von Plessen

1837 - 1840               Christian Friedrich Krüger

1840 - 1850               Ludwig von Lützow

12 Apr 1850 - 1858        Hans Adolf Karl Graf

                           von Bülow

29 May 1858 - 1869        Jasper Joachim Bernhard Wilhelm

                           von Oertzen

       1869 - 15 Dec 1885 Henning Carl Friedrich Graf

                           von Bassewitz

   Jan 1886 - 1901        Alexander Friedrich Wilhelm

                           von Bülow

1901 - 1914               Karl Heinrich Ludwig Graf

                           von Bassewitz-Levetzow

       1914 - 09 Nov 1918 Adolf Ferdinand Helmut August

                           Wilhelm Langfeld

Ministers of State

       1919 - 28 Jul 1920 Hugo Wendorff

28 Jul 1920 - 14 Jan 1921 Hermann Reincke-Bloch

14 Jan 1921 - 18 Mar 1924 Johannes Stelling

18 Mar 1924 - 08 Jul 1926 Joachim Freiherr von

                           Brandenstein

08 Jul 1926 - 10 Jul 1929 Paul Schröder

10 Jul 1929 - 13 Jul 1932 Karl Eschenburg

13 Jul 1932 - 10 Aug 1933 Walter Granzow

26 May      - 31 Dec 1933 Friedrich Hildebrandt

                          (Reichsstatthalter)

10 Aug      - 31 Dec 1933 Hans Egon Engell

Mecklenburg-Strelitz

To 1919

1919-1933

  

08 Mar 1701 - 28 Jun 1815 Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

28 Jun 1815               Elevated to a Grand Duchy

14 Nov 1918 - 31 Dec 1933 Freistaat Mecklenburg-Strelitz

01 Jan 1934               United with Mecklenburg-Schwerin as

                           Mecklenburg

 

Dukes

08 Mar 1701 - 12 May 1708 Adolf Friedrich II

12 May 1708 - 11 Dec 1752 Adolf Friedrich III

11 Dec 1752 - 02 Jun 1794 Adolf Friedrich IV

02 Jun 1794 - 28 Jun 1815 Karl II Ludwig Friedrich

Grand Dukes

28 Jun 1815 - 06 Nov 1816 Karl II Ludwig Friedrich

06 Nov 1816 - 06 Sep 1860 Georg Wilhelm

06 Sep 1860 - 30 May 1904 Friedrich Wilhelm

30 May 1904 - 11 Jun 1914 Adolf Friedrich V

11 Jun 1914 - 23 Feb 1918 Adolf Friedrich VI

27 Feb      - 14 Nov 1918 Friedrich Franz IV

                          (Regent)

Ministers of State

13 Oct 1919 - 02 Aug 1923 Kurt Gustav Hans Otto

                           Freiherr von Reibnitz (1st Time)

02 Aug 1923 - 13 Mar 1928 Karl Schwabe

13 Mar 1928 - 12 Apr 1929 Kurt Gustav Hans Otto

                           Freiherr von Reibnitz (2nd Time)

12 Apr      - 16 Apr 1929 Kurt Häntzschel

                          (Reichskommissar)

16 Apr 1929 - 04 Dec 1931 Kurt Gustav Hans Otto

                           Freiherr von Reibnitz (3rd Time)

04 Dec 1931 - 27 May 1933 Heinrich Wilhelm Ferdinand

                           von Ferdinand

26 May      - 31 Dec 1933 Friedrich Hildebrandt

                          (Reichsstatthalter)

27 May      - 31 Dec 1933 Fritz Stichtenoth

 

Ministers

1760 - 1769               Christian Arnold

                           von Zesterfleth

       1769 -    Apr 1784 Stephan Werner von Dewitz

                           auf Cöpin

   Apr 1784 - 1794        .....

1794 - 1800               Otto Ulrich von Dewitz

1800 - 1827               Karl Wilhelm Friedrich David

                           von Pentz

1827 - 1836               August Otto Ernest Freiherr

                           von Ortzen auf Klokow

1837 - 1848               Otto Ludwig Christian

                           von Dewitz auf Sallnow

1848 - 1850               .....

1850 - 1862               Wilhelm von Bernstorff

01 Nov 1862 -        1868 Bernhard Ernst von Bülow

1868 - 1872               Wilhelm Karl Konrad Freiherr

                           von Hammerstein-Loxten

1872 - 1885               Andreas von Piper

1885 - 1907               Friedrich Wilhelm Otto Ulrich

                           Karl Helmut von Dewitz

       1907 - 10 Nov 1918 Heinrich Bossart

Oldemberg

To 1919

1919-1935

 

1148                      County of Oldemburg

29 Dec 1774               Duchy of Holstein-Oldenburg

   Nov 1806 - 08 Jan 1807 Occupied by Holland

10 Dec 1810 - 30 Nov 1810 Annexed by France

01 Dec 1813               Duchy of Holstein-Oldemburg restored

28 May 1829               Elevated to a Grand Duchy

11 Nov 1918 - 09 Dec 1946 Freistaad Oldenburg

09 Dec 1946               Part of Niedersachsen

 

Dukes

29 Dec 1774 - 06 Jul 1785 Friedrich August I

06 Jul 1785 - 10 Dec 1810 Wilhelm (1st Time)

10 Dec 1810 - 02 Jul 1813 Wilhelm (2nd Time)

02 Jul 1823 - 21 May 1829 Peter I

Grand Dukes

21 May 1829 - 27 Feb 1853 August

27 Feb 1853 - 13 Jun 1900 Peter II

13 Jun 1900 - 11 Nov 1918 Friedrich August II

Minister-presidents

21 Jun 1919 - 17 Apr 1923 Theodor Johann Tantzen

                          (1st Time)

17 Apr 1923 - 13 Jul 1930 Eugen von Finck

14 Dec 1930 - 16 Jun 1932 Friedrich Kassebohm

16 Jun 1932 - 05 May 1933 Karl Röver

   Apr 1945 - 09 Dec 1946 Theodor Johann Tantzen

                          (2nd Time)

 

Ministers

21 May 1829 - 30 Jun 1842 Karl Ludwig Friedrich

                           Josef Freiherr von Brandenstein

01 Jul 1842 - 09 Sep 1843 Günther Heinrich Freiherr

                           von Berg

09 Sep 1843 - 01 Aug 1848 Wilhelm Ernst Freiherr

                           von Beaulieu-Marconnay

01 Aug 1848 - 13 Aug 1849 Johann Heinrich Jakob Schlifer

13 Aug 1849 - 01 May 1851 Christian Diedrich von Buttel

01 May 1851 - 23 Jun 1874 Peter Friedrich Ludwig

                           Freiherr von Rössing

23 Jun 1874 - 01 Oct 1876 Karl Heinrich Ernst von Berg

01 Oct 1876 - 14 Mar 1890 Friedrich Andreas Ruhstrat

14 Mar 1890 - 19 Aug 1900 Gerhard Friedrich Günther Jansen

19 Aug 1900 - 17 Aug 1908 Wilhelm Friedrich Willich

17 Aug 1908 - 03 Jan 1916 Friedrich Julius Heinrich Ruhstray

03 Jan 1916 - 06 Nov 1918 Franz Friedrich Paul Ruhstrat