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India3300 BC Indus valley Civilization1200 BC Empire of India160 BC Greco-Indian Kingdom848 AD Division into Northern and Southern Empires27 May 1526 Mughal rule established06 Jun 1674 Maratha Empire secedes from the Mughal Empire,Mughal domain reduced to the city of Delhi by 177212 Aug 1765 British takeover Bengal20 Oct 1774 Most of India under control of British East India company03 Jun 1818 Maratha Empire terminated by Great Britain02 Aug 1858 Last Mughal emperor deposed by Great Britian01 Jan 1877 British Indian Empire (British Raj)21 Oct 1943 - 18 Aug 1945 Free India government allied with Axis powers25 Aug 1946 Self rule granted14 Aug 1947 Partitioned, Pakistan becomes independent15 Aug 1947 Independence from Britain15 Aug 1947 - 26 Jan 1950 Dominion of India26 Jun 1950 Republic of India01 Nov 1954 French India annexed16 Mar 1962 Goa annexed by India21 Nov 1962 China annexes border areas26 Apr 1975 Annexation of SikkimGovernment: Federal Republic.Capital: New Delhi.Language: Hindi and English (many others see states for details).Religion: Hindu, Islam, Christian, Sikkisim, Buddhisum, Zoroastrian, Bahai.National Anthem: "Jana Gana Mana" ("The Minds of all People").National Emblem: Lion of Sarnath.National Day: Independence day 26th August (1947 from UK).National Motto: Satyameva Jayate (Truth alone Triumphs).Currunsy: Indian Rupee.
Empire of IndiaBritish Raj 1877-1947Capital: Delhi 1649-1858 (Mughal), 1911-1947,Calcutta 1774-1911, Shimla (Summer) 1911-1947.Language: Persian and Hindustani to 1857. English 1877-1947.Religion: Hindu, Islam, Sikh, Christian, Buddhist.Anthem: "God Save the King" 1877-1947.Currency: Rupee.Monarchs324-301 Maurya, Chandraguptar301-269 Bindusara269-232 Ashoka Vardhana232-225 Kunala232-225 Dasaratha225-??? Samprati???-??? Saliska???-??? Devadharma???-194 Satamdhanu194-187 Brihadratha78-101 Gupta, Kanishka275-300 Gupta, Gupta300-320 Gupta, Ghatotkacha320-350 Gupta, Chandragupta I350-370 Gupta, Samudragupta I370-376 Gupta, Ramangupta376-415 Gupta, Chandragupta II415-455 Gupta, Kumaragupta I455-476 Gupta, Skandagupta467-477 Gupta, Kumaragupta II477-495 Gupta, Budhagupta495-500 Gupta, Chandragupta III500-510 Gupta, Vainyagupta510-540 Gupta, Narasimhagupta540-550 Gupta, Kumaragupta III550 Gupta, Vishnugupta550-560 Pushpabhuti, Naravardhana560-570 Pushpabhuti, Rajyavardhana570-580 Pushpabhuti, Adityavardhana580-605 Pushpabhuti, Prabhakaravardhana605-606 Pushpabhuti, Rajyavardhana II606-647 Pushpabhuti, Harshavardhana750-770 Pratihara, Nagabhata770-783 Pratihara, Devarja783-815 Pratihara, Vatsaraja815-833 Pratihara, Nagabhata II833-836 Pratihara, Ramabhadra836-893 Pratihara, Bhoja I893-914 Pratihara, Mahendrapala I914-922 Pratihara, Mahipala922-932 Pratihara, Bhoja II932-946 Pratihara, Vinayakapala946-948 Pratihara, Mahendrapala II948-960 Pratihara, Devapala960-990 Pratihara, Vijayapala990-1018 Pratihara, Rajyapala1018-1030 Pratihara, Trilochanapala-Vijayanagara Empire- (Southern India)Emperors1336-1343 Sangama, Harihara I1343-1379 Sangama, Bukka I1379-1399 Sangama, Harihara II1399-1406 Sangama, Bukka II1406-1412 Sangama, Devaraya1412-1419 Sangama, Viravijaya1419-1444 Sangama, Devaraya II1452-1465 Sangama, Mallikarjuna1465-1469 Sangama, Rajasekhara I1469-1471 Sangama, Virupaksha I1476-1479 Sangama, Praudhadevaraya1479-1480 Sangama, Rajasekhara II1483-1484 Sangama, Virupaksha II1486-1487 Sangama, Rajasekhara III1490-14.. Saluva, Narasimha1...-1509 Saluva, Narasa1509-1530 Saluva, Krishnadeva1530-1542 Saluva, Achyuta1542-1565 Tuluva, Rama1542-1567 Saluva, Sadasiva1565-1567 Tuluva, Tirumala I1567-1575 Tuluva, Tirumala II1575-1586 Tuluva, Ranga1586-1614 Tuluva, Venkata- Mughal Empire - (Northern India to 1707)Emperors30 Apr 1526 - 26 Dec 1530 Mughal, Zahir ud-din Mohammad Babural-Sultan l-azam wa'l-haqan al-MukkarramPadshah-e Ghazi26 Dec 1530 - 22 Feb 1556 Mughal, Nasir ud-din Mohammad HumayunPadshah-e Ghazi Zillu'llah22 Feb 1556 - 27 Oct 1605 Mughal, Abu'l-Fath Jalaluddin MohammadAkbar "The Great"27 Oct 1605 - 08 Nov 1627 Mughal, Nuruddin Mohammad JahangirPadshah-e Ghazi09 Nov 1627 - 23 Jan 1628 Mughal, Dawar Bakhsh23 Jan 1628 - 31 Jul 1658 Mughal, Shahab Uddin Mohammad Shah Jahan IPadash-e Ghazi Zillu'llah31 Jul 1658 - 02 Mar 1707 Mughal, Mohyi ad-Din Abu`l MozaffarMohammad Awrangzib Bahadur `Alamgir IPadshah-e Ghazi14 Mar - 27 Apr 1707 Qotb ad-Din Abu'l Fayaz Mohammad A`zamShah Padshah-e Ghazi27 Apr 1707 - 27 Feb 1712 Mughal, Qotb ad-Din Abu`n Nasir SayyedMohammad Shah `Alam I Bahadur ShahPadshah-e Ghazi30 Mar 1712 - 11 Jan 1713 Mughal, Mo`ezz ad-Din Abu'l Fath MohammadJahandar Shah Padshah11 Jan 1713 - 01 Mar 1719 Mughal, Mo`in ad-Din Abu'l MozaffarMohammad Farrukhsiyar Padshah01 Mar - 07 Jun 1719 Mughal, Shams ad-Din Abu'l BarakatSoltan Mohammad Rafi`ad-DarajatPadshah-e Ghazi08 Jun - 06 Sep 1719 Mughal, Mohammad Shah Jahan II SaniPedshah-e28 Sep 1719 - 26 Apr 1748 Mughal, Naser ad-Din Abu'l-FathMohammad Shah Padshah-e Ghazi29 Apr 1748 - 03 Jun 1754 Mughal, Mojahed ad-Din Abu'l Nasir AhmadBahadur Shah Padshah-e Ghazi03 Jun 1754 - 29 Nov 1759 Mougal, `Aziz ad-Din Abu'l-`Adl Mohammad`Alamgir II Padshah-e Ghazi11 Dec - 25 Dec 1759 Mughal, Mohyi-e Millat Shah Jahan IIISani-ebn Mohyi-e Sannat Mohammad25 Dec 1769 - 01 Aug 1788 Mughal, Jalal ad-Din Abu'l MozaffarMohammad Shah `Alam II Padshah (1st Time)01 Aug - 09 Oct 1788 Mughal, Mohammad Bidarbakht ebn Ahmad Shah09 Oct 1788 - 10 Nov 1806 Mughal, Jalal ad-Din Abu'l MozaffarMohammad Shah `Alam II Padshah (2nd Time)18 Nov 1806 - 28 Sep 1837 Mughal, Mo`in ad-Din Abu`l Nasir MohammadAkbar II Padshah Saheb Qiram-e Sani29 Sep 1837 - 29 Mar 1858 Mughal, Seraj ad-Din Abu`l MozaffarMohammad Bahadur Shah Padshah II ......... 1775-1862- Maharaja Chatrapati of the Maratha Empire -06 Jun 1674 - 03 Apr 1680 Shivaji I Bhonsle ......................... 1627-168020 Jul 1680 - 11 Mar 1689 Sambhaji I Bhonsle ........................ 1657-168911 Mar 1689 - 02 Mar 1700 Rajaram I Bhonsle ......................... 1670-170002 Mar 1700 - 12 Oct 1707 Shivaji II ................................ 1696-172602 Mar 1700 - 12 Oct 1707 Tarabai Ai Sahib Bhonsale ................. 1675-1761(Regent)12 Oct 1707 - 15 Dec 1749 Shahu I Sambhaji II Raje Bhosale .......... 1689-174915 Dec 1749 - 11 Dec 1777 Rajaram II ................................ 1726-177711 Dec 1777 - 04 May 1808 Raja Shanu II ............................. 1763-180803 May 1808 - 25 Sep 1819 Raja Pratap Singh ......................... 1793-1847- British Raj -Emperors01 Jan 1877 - 26 Jan 1950 The Monarchs of Great Britain and IrelandPeshwas1674 - 1683 Moropant Trimbak Pingle ................... 1620-16831683 - 1708 Ramchandra Neelkanth Amatya ............... 1650-17161708 - 1711 Bahirojipant Pingale1711 - 1713 Parshuram Tribak Kulkarni16 Nov 1713 - 12 Apr 1720 Balaji Vishwanath Bhat .................... 1662-171912 Apr 1720 - 25 Apr 1740 Pahila Bajirao I Ballal Balaji Bhat ....... 1700-174025 Apr 1740 - 23 Jun 1761 Balaji Baji Rao ........................... 1720-176123 Jun 1761 - 18 Nov 1772 Pradhanpant Shrimant Madhavarao I Ballal .. 1745-177218 Nov 1772 - 30 Aug 1773 Narayan Rao ............................... 1755-177330 Aug 1773 - 1774 Raghunath Rao ............................. 1734-178318 Apr 1774 - 27 Oct 1795 Shrimant Sawai Madhavarao II Narayan ..,... 1774-179518 Oct 1774 - 1800 Nana Phadnis(Regent)25 Oct 1795 - 06 Dec 1796 Chimnaji Appa Rao06 Dec 1796 - 03 Jun 1818 Bajirao II Pandit Pandham ................. 1775-18511857 Sahib Nana Dhondu Pant .................... 1775-1851(In rebellion)Secretaries of State for India (in London)04 Jul 1895 - 09 Oct 1903 Lord George Francis Hamilton .............. 1845-1927 C09 Oct 1903 - 04 Dec 1905 William St. John Fremantle Brodrick ....... 1856-1942 C10 Dec 1905 - 03 Nov 1910 John Morley, Viscount Morley of Blackburn . 1838-1923 LP(1st Time)03 Nov 1910 - 07 Mar 1911 Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes,Earl of Crewe (1st Time) ................. 1858-1945 LP07 Mar - 25 May 1911 John Morley, Viscount Morley of Blackburn(2nd Time)25 May 1911 - 25 May 1915 Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes,Earl of Crewe (2nd Time)25 May 1915 - 17 Jul 1917 Sir Joseph Austen Chamberlain ............. 1863-1937 C17 Jul 1917 - 19 Mar 1922 Edwin Samuel Montague ..................... 1879-1924 LP19 Mar 1922 - 22 Jun 1924 William Robert Wellesley Peel, Earl Peel .. 1867-1937 C(1st Time)22 Jan - 03 Nov 1924 Syndey Haldane Olivier, 1st Baron Olivier . 1859-1943 L06 Nov 1924 - 18 Oct 1928 Frederick Edwin Smith, 1st Earl Birkenhead 1872-1930 C18 Oct 1928 - 04 Jun 1929 William Robert Wellesley Peel, Earl Peel(2nd Time)07 Jun 1929 - 25 Aug 1931 William Wedgwood Benn ..................... 1877-1960 L25 Aug 1931 - 07 Jun 1935 Sir Samuel John Gurney Hoare .............. 1880-1959 C07 Jun 1935 - 13 May 1940 Lawrence John Lumley Dundas,Marquess of Zetland ...................... 1876-1961 C13 May 1940 - 26 Jul 1945 Leopold Charles Maurice Stennett Amery .... 1873-1955 C03 Aug 1945 - 17 Apr 1947 Frederick William Pethnick-Lawrence,Baron Pethnick-Lawrence .................. 1871-1961 L17 Apr - 15 Aug 1947 William Francis Hare,5th Earl of Listowel ..................... 1906-1997 L
Princely States to 1949 States before 1877 _______________________________________________________________________________Free Government of IndiaLeader21 Oct 1941 - 18 Aug 1945 Subhas Chandra Bose ....................... 1897-1945(In Berlin 1941-43, then Tokyo 1943-45)
India1947-1950 Adopted 1950Governors-general15 Aug 1947 - 21 Jun 1948 Viscount Louis Mountbatton of Burma ....... 1900-197921 Jun 1948 - 26 Jan 1950 Chakravarti Rajagopalachari ............... 1878-1972Presidents26 Jan 1950 - 13 May 1962 Dr. Rajendra Prasad ....................... 1884-1963 INC13 May 1962 - 13 May 1967 Sir Sarvepalli Radhakrisham ............... 1888-1975 INC13 May 1967 - 03 May 1969 Dr. Zakir Husain .......................... 1897-196924 Aug 1969 - 20 Jul 1974 Varahagiri Venkata Giri ................... 1894-198020 Jul 1974 - 11 Feb 1977 Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed ...................... 1905-1977 INC25 Jul 1977 - 25 Jul 1982 Neelam Sanjiva Reddy ...................... 1913-1996 INC25 Jul 1982 - 25 Jul 1987 Gaini Zail Singh .......................... 1916-1994 INC25 Jul 1987 - 25 Jul 1992 Ramaswany Venkataraman .................... 1910-2009 INC25 Jul 1992 - 25 Jul 1997 Shankar Dayal Sharma ...................... 1918-1999 INC25 Jul 1997 - 25 Jul 2002 Kocheril Raman Narayanan .................. 1921-200525 Jul 2002 - 25 Jul 2007 Aavul Pakkiri Jainulabidin Abdul Kalam .... 1931-25 Jul 2007 - 25 Jul 2012 Pratibha Devisingh Patil .................. 1934- INC25 Jul 2012 - Pranab Kumar Mukherjee .................... 1935- INCPrime Ministers25 Aug 1946 - 27 May 1964 Jawaharlal Nehru .......................... 1889-1964 INC27 May - 09 Jun 1964 Gulzarilal Nanda .......................... 1898-1998 INC(1st Time)09 Jun 1964 - 11 Jan 1966 Lal Bahadur Shastri ....................... 1904-1966 INC11 Jan - 19 Jan 1966 Gulzarilal Nanda (2nd Time)19 Jan 1966 - 24 May 1977 Indira Priyadarshini Nehru Gandhi ......... 1917-1984 INC(1st Time)24 May 1977 - 28 Jul 1979 Morarji Ranchhodji Desai .................. 1896-1995 JD28 Jul 1979 - 14 Jan 1980 Chaudhary Charan Singh .................... 1902-1987 JD14 Jan 1980 - 31 Oct 1984 Indira Priyadarshini Nehru Gandhi (2nd Time)31 Oct 1984 - 02 Dec 1989 Rajiv Ratna Gandhi ........................ 1944-1991 INC02 Dec 1989 - 10 Nov 1990 Vishwanath Pratap Singh ................... 1931-2008 JD10 Nov 1990 - 21 Jul 1991 Chandra Shekhar Singh .................... 1927-2007 JD21 Jul 1991 - 16 May 1996 Pamulaparthi Venkata Narasimha Rau ........ 1921-2004 INC16 May - 31 May 1996 Atal Bihari Vajpayuee ..................... 1924- BJP(1st Time)01 Jun 1996 - 21 Apr 1997 Haradanahalli Dodde Gowdadeve Gowda ....... 1933- JD21 Apr 1997 - 19 May 1998 Inder Kumar Gujral ........................ 1919-2012 JD19 May 1998 - 22 May 2004 Atal Bihari Vajpayuee (2nd Time)22 May 2004 - 26 May 2014 Dr Manmohan Singh ......................... 1932- INC26 May 2014 - Narendra Damodardas Modi .................. 1950- BJPBS=Bahujan Samaj Party (Dalit, Socialist)BJP=Bharatiya Janata Party (Indian Peoples Party, Extreme Hinduist, Conservative)CPI=Communist Party India (Communist)CPM=Communist Party MarxistINC=Indian National Congress (Social Democratic)JD=Janata Dal Party (Social Democratic,ex JP)
Sikkim1642 - 1975 Bras-ljongs (Sikkim) Kingdom1730 - 1793 Tributary to Tibet1793 - 1817 Annexed by Nepal10 Feb 1817 Protectorate of British Raj01 Feb 1835 Darjeerling leased to British Raj (annexed 1850)28 Mar 1861 - 15 Aug 1947 British protectorate15 Aug 1947 Indpendence declared15 Aug 1947 - 16 May 1975 Protectorate of India10 Apr 1975 Accession to India proclaimed16 May 1975 Annexation to India see under Indian StatesMonarchs.... - .... Padmasambhava1642 - 1670 Phutso Namgyal I .......................... 1604-16701670 - 1700 Tensung Namgyal ........................... 1644-17001700 - 1717 Chhagdor Namgyal .......................... 1686-17171717 - 1733 Gururmed Namgyal .......................... 1707-17331733 Phuntso Namgyal II ........................ 1733-1780(1st Time)1733 - 1736 Chandzod Tamding1736 - 1780 Phuntso Namgyal II (2nd Time)1780 - 1793 Tenzing Namgyal ........................... 1769-17931793 - 1862 Tsugphud Namgyal .......................... 1785-18621862 - 1874 Trulku Namgyal ............................ 1819-1874Apr 1874 - 10 Feb 1914 Thutob Namgyal ............................ 1860-191411 Feb - 05 Dec 1914 Sidkeong Trulku Namgyal ................... 1879-191405 Dec 1914 - 02 Dec 1963 Tashi Namgyal ............................. 1893-196302 Dec 1963 - 14 Apr 1975 Palden Thondup Namgyal .................... 1923-1982Prime Minister23 Jul 1974 - 16 May 1975 Lhendup Dorjee Khangsarpa ................. 1904-2007
