12 Feb 1541               Spanish colony,

       1541               Captincy of Chile, subordinated to Peru

25 Jul 1554 - 16 Jan 1556 Kingdom of Chile in union with Spain

18 Sep 1810               Municipal Council of Santiago proclaimes

                          self-government in the name of Fernando VII

18 Sep 1810 - 09 Dec 1824 War of independence

02 Oct 1814 - 12 Jan 1818 Spanish re-conquest

12 Jan 1818               Independence, State of Chile

14 Jul 1826 -             Republic of Chile

25 Sep 1845               Independence recoqnised by Spain

20 Oct 1883               Annexation of Bolivian pacific coast

09 Sep 1888               Annexation of Easter Island

04 Jun      - 13 Sep 1932 Socialist Republic of Chile

11 Sep 1973 - 11 Mar 1990 Military rule

Government: Republic.

Capital: Santiago.

Language: Spanish.

Religion: Roman Catholic.

National Anthem: "Himno Nacional" ("National Himn").

National Emblem: Condor and Huemel.

National Day: Independence Day, 18 September (1810).

National Motto: Por la Razón o la Fuerza (By right or might).

Currency: Peso.

Kings

25 Jul 1554 - 16 Jan 1556 Habsburg, Filipe, Infante de Asturias,

                           King of England and Ireland ............................. 1527-1598

                          (Style "King of Chile" was a courtesy title used before becoming

                           Filipe II of Spain; he never ruled or was present in Chile)

27 Oct 1812 - 06 Oct 1813 Bourbon, Fernando VII of Spain ........................... 1784-1833

Supreme Directors

16 Feb 1817 - 29 Jan 1823 Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme .............................. 1778-1842

30 Jan      - 04 Apr 1823 Agustin Manuel de Eyzaguirre y Arechavala ................ 1768-1827

                          (President of the Interim Governing Junta)

04 Apr 1823 - 09 Jul 1826 Ramón Freire y Serrano ................................... 1778-1832

                          (Provisinal until 21 Aug 1823)

Presidents

09 Jul      - 09 Sep 1826 Manuel José Blanco y Calvo de Encalada ................... 1790-1876

09 Sep 1826 - 25 Jan 1827 Agustín Manuel de Eyzaguirre y Martínez .................. s.a

25 Jan      - 05 May 1827 Ramón Freire y Serrano (3rd Time)

05 May 1827 - 02 Nov 1829 Francisco Antonio y Díaz de la Puente Pinto .............. 1785-1858

02 Nov      - 07 Nov 1829 Francisco Ramón de Vicuña Larraín ........................ 1775-1829

07 Nov      - 16 Dec 1829 Ramón Freire y Serrano (2nd Time)

24 Dec 1829 - 21 Mar 1831 José Tomás Ovalle Bezanilla .............................. 1788-1831

21 Mar      - 18 Sep 1831 Fernando de Errázuriz y Martínez de Aldunate ............. 1777-1841

18 Sep 1831 - 18 Sep 1841 José Joaquín Prieto Vial ................................. 1786-1854

18 Sep 1841 - 18 Sep 1851 Manuel Bulnes Prieto ..................................... 1799-1866

18 Sep 1851 - 18 Sep 1861 Manuel Francisco Antonio Julián Montt Torres ............. 1809-1880

18 Sep 1861 - 18 Sep 1871 José Joaquín Pérez Mascayano ............................. 1800-1889

18 Sep 1871 - 18 Sep 1876 Federico Marcos del Rosario Errazuriz Zanartu ............ 1825-1877

18 Sep 1876 - 18 Sep 1881 Aníbal Pinto Garmendia ................................... 1825-1884

18 Sep 1881 - 18 Sep 1886 Domingo Santa María González ............................. 1825-1886

18 Sep 1886 - 29 Aug 1891 José Manuel Emiliano Balmaceda Fernandez ................. 1840-1891

29 Aug      - 31 Aug 1891 Manuel Jesús Baquedano González .......................... 1826-1897 Mil

                          (Chief of the provisional goverment)

31 Aug 1891 - 18 Sep 1896 Jorge Montt Álvarez ...................................... 1846-1922 Mil

                          (Chief of the Executive to 26 Dec 1891)

18 Sep 1896 - 12 Jul 1901 Federico Errázuriz Echaurren ............................. 1850-1901

12 Jul      - 18 Sep 1901 Aníbal Zañartu Zañartu ................................... 1847-1902

18 Sep 1901 - 18 Sep 1906 Germán Riesco Errázuriz .................................. 1854-1916

18 Sep 1906 - 16 Apr 1910 Pedro Elías Pablo Montt Montt ............................ 1848-1910

16 Apr      - 06 Sep 1910 Elías Fernández Albano ................................... 1845-1910

                          (acting)

06 Sep      - 23 Dec 1910 Emiliano Figueroa Larraín (1st Time) ..................... 1860-1931

23 Dec 1910 - 23 Dec 1915 Ramón Barros Luco ........................................ 1835-1919

23 Dec 1915 - 23 Dec 1920 Juan Luis Sanfuentes Andonaegui .......................... 1858-1930

23 Dec 1920 - 12 Sep 1924 Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma (1st Time) ............. 1868-1950

12 Sep 1924 - 23 Jan 1925 Luis Altamirano Talavera ................................. 1867-1938 Mil

23 Jan      - 27 Jan 1925 Perdro Pablo Dartnell Encina ............................. 1874-1925 Mil

20 Mar      - 01 Oct 1925 Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma (2nd Time)

01 Oct      - 23 Dec 1925 Luis Barros Borgoño ...................................... 1858-1943

23 Dec 1925 - 10 May 1927 Emiliano Figueroa Larraín (2nd Time)

10 May 1927 - 26 Jul 1931 Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (1st Time) ....................... 1877-1960

26 Jul      - 27 Jul 1931 Pedro Opazo Letelier ..................................... 1876-1957

                          (Vice-President, acting)

27 Jul 1931 - 04 Jun 1932 Juan Esteban Montero Rodríguez ........................... 1879-1948

                          (Vice-President, acting until 04 Dec 1931)

04 Jun      - 16 Jun 1932 Arturo Puga Osorio ....................................... 1879-1970

                          (Chairman of the Goverment Junta of the Socialist Republic of Chile)

16 Jun      - 13 Sep 1932 Carlos Gregorio Dávila Espinosa .......................... 1887-1955

                          (Provisional President of the Socialist Republic of Chile)

13 Sep      - 02 Oct 1932 Bartolome Guillermo Blanche Espejo ....................... 1879-1970

                          (provisinal)

02 Oct      - 24 Dec 1932 Abraham Oyanedel Urrutia ................................. 1874-1952

                          (acting)

24 Dec 1932 - 24 Dec 1938 Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma (3rd Time)

24 Dec 1938 - 25 Nov 1941 Pedro Abelino Aguirre Cerda .............................. 1879-1941

25 Nov 1941 - 02 Apr 1942 Jerónimo Méndez Arancibia ................................ 1887-1959

02 Apr 1942 - 27 Jun 1946 Juan Antonio Ríos Morales ................................ 1888-1946

27 Jun      - 17 Oct 1946 Alfredo Duhalde Vásquez .................................. 1898-1985

17 Oct      - 03 Nov 1946 Juan Antonio Iribarren Cabezas ........................... 1885-1977

03 Nov 1946 - 03 Nov 1952 Gabriel González Videla .................................. 1898-1980

03 Nov 1952 - 03 Nov 1958 Carlos Ibáñez del Campo .................................. 1877-1960

03 Nov 1958 - 03 Nov 1964 Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez ............................... 1896-1986

03 Nov 1964 - 03 Nov 1970 Eduardo Nicanor Frei Montalva ............................ 1911-1982 PDC

03 Nov 1970 - 11 Sep 1973 Salvador Isabelino Allende Gossens ....................... 1908-1973 PS

11 Sep 1973 - 27 Jun 1974 Goverment Junta

                        - General Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte ............... 1915-2006 Mil

                          (Supreme Chief of the Nation)

                        - Santiago José Toribio Merino Castro ...................... 1915-1996 Mil

                        - Gustavo Leigh Guzmán ..................................... 1920-1999 Mil

                        - César Leonidas Mendoza Durán ............................. 1918-1996 Mil

27 Jun 1974 - 11 Mar 1990 Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte ....................... (s.a)

                          (President from 17 Dec 1974)

11 Mar 1990 - 11 Mar 1994 Patricio Aylwin Azócar ................................... 1918-2016 PDC

11 Mar 1994 - 11 Mar 2000 Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle .................................. 1942-     PDC

11 Mar 2000 - 11 Mar 2006 Ricardo Froilán Lagos Escobar ............................ 1938-     PPD

11 Mar 2006 - 11 Mar 2010 Verónica Michelle Bachelet Jeria (1st Time) .............. 1951-     PS

11 Mar 2010 - 11 Mar 2014 Dr. Miguel Juan Sebastián Piñera Echenique ............... 1949-2024 RN

                          (1st Time)

11 Mar 2014 - 11 Mar 2018 Verónica Michelle Bachelet Jeria (2nd Time)

11 Mar 2018 - 11 Mar 2022 Dr. Miguel Juan Sebastián Piñera Echenique (2nd Time)

11 Mar 2022 -             Gabriel Boric Font ....................................... 1986-     CS

• Regions

CS=Convergencia Social (Social Convergence, Libertarian socialist, progressivism, anti-capitalism)

PDC=Partido Democrata Cristiano de Chile (Christian Democratic Party of Chile, Centrist).

PPD=Partido por la Democracia (Party for Democracy, Social Liberal).

PRSD=Partido Radical Social Democrata (Social Democratic Radical Party, Centrist).

PS=Partido Socialista de Chile (Socialist Party of Chile, Socialist).

RN=Renovación Nacional (National Renewal, liberal-concervative).

Rapanui (Easter Island)

c.400 AD Island discovered by Polynesians

1600 Island civilisation goes in to decline

1722 Visited by the Dutch

1770 Claimed for Spain, but not settled

1774 Visited by the British Capt. James Cook, named Easter Island

1862 Population is kidnaped by Peruvian slave collectors

1863 What is left of population return to Rapanui

1863 Most of the population die of Smallpox

09 Sep 1888 Annexed by Chile

16 Feb 1935 Rapanui National Park created

11 Nov 1933 - 1966 Under Chilean naval administration

30 Jul 2007        Special Territory of Isla Pascua - Rapa Nui

Paramount Chiefs

1350 - .... Hotu Matua

Tu'u Maheke 'a Hotu Mantu

Miru 'a Tu'u Maheke

Hata 'a Miru

Miru 'a Hata

Mitiake

Ataranga 'a Miru

1500 - .... Atu'u Raranga

Urakikrena

Kahui Tuhunga

Te Tuhunga Nui

Te Tuhunga Marakapau

1600 - .... Ahu Arihao

Nui Te Patu

Hirakau Tehito

Tupu Itetoki

Kura Ta Hongo

1700 - .... Hiti Rua Anea

Havi Nikoro

Te Ravarava

Te Raha'i

1800 - 1820 Te Hetukarakura

1820 - 1835 Huero

1835 - 1859 Nga'ara

1859 - 1862 Kai Mako'i iti

1862        Maurata

1863 - 1864 Tepito

1864 - 1866 Gregorio Rokoroko hetau

1868 - 1869 Koreto Puakurunga

1869 - 1888 Carolina

1888 - 1892 Atamu Te Kena Maurata

1888 - 1892 Eva Ko Kua Uka a Hei a Arero

1892 - 1898 Simeon  Riroroko

1898 - 1900 Enrique Ika a Tu'uhati

1901 - 1902 Moises Jacob Tu'u Hereveri

Managers

   Apr 1864 -    Aug 1868 Jean-Baptiste Onésime

                           Dutrou-Bornier 
   Jun 1877 -    Nov 1878 Chavez
   Nov 1878 - 1883        Tati Salmon (1st Time)
1883 - 1884               Tommi Länder
       1884 -    Dec 1888 Tati Salmon (2nd Time)
21 Jul 1888 -    Sep 1892 Pedro Pablo Toro Hurtado
   Sep 1892 - 1895        Charles Higgins
1895 - 1901               Alberto Sanchez Manterola 
1901 - 1904               Horace Cooper 
1905 - 1914               Henry Percy Edmunds
Governors
1914 - 1918               Ignacio Vives Solar
1919 - 1921               Exequiel Acuña (1st Time)
1922                      Luís Zepeda
1923 - 1925               Exequiel Acuña (2nd Time)
1926 - 1928               Carlos Recabarren L. 
1928                      Carlos Millan Iriarte
1928 - 1931               ....
1931                      Bagolini 
1931                      Alberto Cumplido Ducos  
1932 - 1933               Eduardo Avaios Prado
1934 - 1935               Hernán Cornejo 
1936                      Manuel A. Olalquiaga
1937                      Hernán Cornejo 
1938 - 1939               Álvaro Tejeda Lawrence
1940                      Victor Contreras Figueroa 
1941 - 1942               Hermann Reid Silva 
1943                      Jorge Señoret Carvallo
1944 - 1945               Ricardo Kompatzki H.
1945 - 1947               Gonzalo Serrano Pellé 
1948 - 1949               Carlos Pascual Altamirano 
1950 - 1951               Lus Aceituna Rojas 
1952                      Mario Luis Orellana Lillo 
1953 - 1954               Carlos Salazar Contreras
1955 - 1956               Arnaldo Curti Silva
1956 - 1957               Raul Valenzuela Pérez
1958 - 1959               Fernando Dorion Nicolet
1960 - 1961               Arnt Arentsen Pettersen (1st Time)
1962 - 1963               John Martin Reynolds
1964 - 1965               Jorge Portilla
15 Aug 1966 - 17 Jul 1967 Enrique Rogers Sotomayor
17 Jul 1967 - 06 Jun 1968 Alfredo Tuki Pate
06 Jun 1968 -    Jan 1970 Fernando Silva Molina
   Jan 1970 - 26 Feb 1971 Hernán Perez de Tudela Jimenez
26 Feb      - 30 Apr 1971 Federico Guillerom Blanco Baeza
30 Apr      - 13 May 1971 Caupolicán Valenzuela Torres
13 May 1971 - 03 Mar 1972 Abel Galleguillos Araya
03 Mar 1972 - 13 Sep 1973 Moisés Sudy Castro
13 Sep      - 25 Sep 1973 Carlos Bastias Alvarado
25 Sep 1973 - 03 Aug 1974 Omar Fuenzalida Tobar
03 Aug 1974 - 23 Feb 1975 Giuseppe Arru Dominguez
23 Feb 1975 - 16 Feb 1979 Arnt Arentsen Pettersen (2nd Time)
16 Feb 1979 - 27 Jan 1984 Ariel González Cornejo
27 Jan 1984 - 11 Mar 1990 Sergio Alejo Rapu Haoa
11 Mar 1990 - 01 Sep 2000 Jacobo Urbano Hey Paoa
01 Sep 2000 - 11 Mar 2006 Enrique Pakarati Ika
11 Mar 2006 - 18 Mar 2010 Melania Carolina Hotus Hey (1st Time)
18 Mar      - 09 Aug 2010 Pedro Edmunds Paoa
06 Sep 2010 - 11 Mar 2014 Carmen Cardinali Paoa

11 Mar 2014 - 08 Sep 2015 Marta Raquel Hotus Tuki

09 Sep 2015 - 16 Mar 2018 Melania Carolina Hotus Hey (2nd Time)

16 Mar 2018 - 22 Mar 2021 Laura Tarita Alarcón Rapu

22 Mar      - 29 Apr 2021 Felipe Cereija Ceballos

                          (acting)

Provinicial Presidential Delegates

29 Apr 2021 - 11 Mar 2022 René de la Puente Hey

11 Mar 2022 -             Juliette Hutos Poao