Nippon (Japan)
11 Feb 660 BC Legendary founding of the Japanese Empire
22 Jan 646 AD Japanese Empire
12 Jul 1192 - 31 Jan 1868 Shogunate era
12 Jul 1192 - 18 May 1333 Kamakura Shogunate
11 Aug 1338 - 02 Sep 1573 Ashikaga Shogunate
18 Oct 1568 - 21 Oct 1600 Azuchi-Momoyama era
21 Oct 1600 - 31 Jan 1868 Tokugawa Shogunate (Edo period)
27 Mar 1879 Ryukyu Islands annexed
29 Nov 1890 Dai Nippon Teikoku (Great Japanese Empire)
02 Jun 1895 - 25 Oct 1945 Annexation of Taiwan
29 Aug 1910 - 12 Sep 1945 Annexation of Korea
25 Aug 1945 Karafutu (Sakhalin) and Chishima (Kuril) Islands annexed by USSR
02 Sep 1945 - 28 Apr 1952 Allied (U.S) occupation
03 May 1947 Nippon-Koku (State of Japan)
Japanese period names
12,000 BC - 300 BC Jomon
300 BC - 300 AD Yaiyo
250 - 538 Kufan
538 - 710 Asuka
710 - 794 Nara
794 - 1185 Heian
1185 - 1333 Kamakura
1333 - 1573 Muromachi
02 Sep 1573 - 21 Oct 1600 Azuchi-Monoyana (Shokuho)
24 Mar 1603 - 03 May 1868 Edo
03 May 1868 - 30 Jul 1912 Meiji
30 Jul 1912 - 25 Dec 1926 Taisho
25 Dec 1926 - 07 Jan 1989 Showa
07 Jan 1989 - 30 Apr 2019 Heisi
01 May 2019 - Reiwa
Imperial Styles
imina: Personal Name.
nengo: Era Name.
teigo: Postumous Name.
Note: The Emperors are listed by their personal name (imina) and then their era and postumous
names. Emperors were commenly known by their era names though many emperors had mmore than one
era during their reign. The teigo (postumous name) has not been used since the Meiji Restoration
in 1868. Accoring to custom an emperor was never refered to by his personal name, rather was refered to as Tenno Heika (the emperor) or Kinjo Heika (reigning emperor).
Japan to 1185 AD
Tenshi-sama (Legendary "Sons of Heaven")
11 Feb 660 - 09 May 585 Kamuyamato Iwarebiko
teigo: Jimmu
10 May 581 - 08 Jan 549 Kamu Nunagawamimi no Mikoto
teigo: Suizei
15 Jul 549 - 06 Dec 511 Shikitsuhiko Tamademi no Mikoto
teigo: Annei
04 Feb 511 - 08 Sep 476 Oho Yamatohiko Sukitomo no Mikoto
teigo: Itoku
09 Jan 475 - 05 Aug 393 Mimatsukiko Kaeshine no Mikoto
teigo: Kosho
07 Jan 292 - 09 Jan 291 Oho Yamato Tarasihiko Kunioshi Hito no Mikoto
teigo: Koan
08 Feb 290 - 12 Jan 215 Oho Yamato Nekohiko Futoni no Mikoto
teigo: Korei
14 Jan 215 - 02 Sep 158 Oho Yamato Nekohiko Kuni Kuru no Mikoto
teigo: Kogen
12 Nov 158 - 09 Apr 98 Waka Yamato Nekihiko Oho Bibino no Mikoto
teigo: Kaika
13 Jan 97 - 05 Dec 30 Mimaki Irihiko Inie no Mikoto
teigo: Sujin
Tenno (Emperors-Yamato Dynasty)
02 Jan 219 - 11 Jul 249 Suinin
14 Jul 249 - 280 Suini
11 Jan 280 - 07 Nov 316 Keiko
05 Jan 317 - 11 Jan 343 Seimu
11 Jan 343 - 06 Feb 346 Chuai
01 Jan 346 - 15 Feb 395 Ojin
16 Feb 395 - 03 Jan 427 Nintoku
01 Feb 427 - 15 Mar 433 Richu
23 Jan 433 - 02 Jan 438 Hanzei
02 Jan 438 - Dec 453 Ingyo
14 Dec 453 - 07 Aug 456 Anko
09 Aug 456 - 13 Nov 480 Yuryaku
15 Jan 480 - 16 Jan 485 Seinei
25 Apr 485 - 01 Jan 488 Kenzo
05 Jan 488 - 08 Aug 498 Ninken
Dec 498 - 08 Dec 506 Buretsu
04 Feb 507 - 07 Feb 531 Keitai
07 Feb 531 - 17 Dec 535 Ankan
17 Dec 535 - 10 Feb 539 Senka
10 Feb 539 - 15 Apr 571 Kimmei
15 Apr 572 - 15 Aug 585 Bidatsu
15 Aug 585 - 09 Apr 587 Yomei
09 Apr 587 - 03 Nov 592 Sushun
03 Nov 592 - 07 Mar 628 Empress Suiko
04 Jan 629 - 09 Oct 641 Jomei
15 Jan 642 - 14 Jun 645 Empress Kogyoku
14 Jun 645 - 10 Oct 654 Kotoku
03 Jan 655 - 24 Jul 661 Saimei
24 Jul 661 - 03 Dec 671 Tenji
05 Dec 671 - 23 Jul 672 Kobun
27 Feb 673 - 09 Sep 686 Temmu
09 Sep 686 - 01 Aug 697 Empress Jito
01 Aug 697 - 15 Jun 707 Mommu
15 Jun 707 - 02 Sep 715 Empress Gemmei
02 Sep 715 - 04 Feb 724 Gensho
04 Feb 724 - 02 Jul 749 Shomu
19 Aug 749 - 09 Oct 764 Empress Koken
09 Oct 764 - 04 Aug 770 Shotoku
01 Oct 770 - 03 Apr 781 Konin
03 Apr 781 - 17 Mar 806 Kammu
17 Mar 806 - 01 Apr 809 Heizi
01 Apr 809 - 16 Apr 823 Saga
16 Apr 823 - 28 Feb 833 Junna
28 Feb 833 - 19 Mar 850 Nimmyo
19 Mar 850 - 27 Apr 858 Montuko
07 Nov 858 - 29 Nov 876 Seiwa
29 Nov 876 - 04 Feb 884 Yozei
04 Feb 884 - 26 Aug 887 Koko
26 Aug 887 - 03 Jul 897 Uda
03 Jul 897 - 22 Sep 930 Daigo
22 Sep 930 - 20 Apr 946 Suzaku
20 Apr 946 - 25 May 967 Murakami
25 May 967 - 13 Aug 969 Reizei
13 Aug 969 - 27 Aug 984 Enyu
27 Aug 984 - 23 Jun 986 Kazan
23 Jun 986 - 13 Jun 1011 Ichijo
13 Jun 1011 - 29 Jan 1016 Sanjo
29 Jan 1016 - 17 Apr 1036 Go Ichoijo
17 Apr 1036 - 16 Jan 1045 Go Sukaku
16 Jan 1045 - 19 Apr 1068 Go Reizei
19 Apr 1068 - 08 Dec 1072 Go Sanjo
08 Dec 1072 - 26 Nov 1086 Shirakawa
26 Nov 1086 - 19 Jul 1107 Horikawa
19 Jul 1107 - 28 Jan 1123 Toba
28 Jan 1123 - 07 Dec 1141 Sutoku
07 Dec 1141 - 23 Jul 1155 Konoye
24 Jul 1155 - 11 Aug 1158 Go Shirakawa
11 Aug 1158 - 25 Jun 1165 Nijo
25 Jun 1165 - 19 Feb 1168 Rokujo
19 Feb 1168 - 21 Feb 1180 Takakura
21 Feb 1180 - 24 Mar 1185 Antoku
Shoguns
793-794 Otomo no Otomaro
797-811 Sakanoue no Tamuramaro
811-813 Funy no Watarmaro
940 Fujiwara no Tadabumi
Kamakura Shogunate
Emperors
20 Aug 1183 - 11 Jan 1198 Takahira .................................. 1180-1239
teigo: Go-Toba
11 Jan 1198 - 25 Nov 1210 Tamehito .................................. 1196-1231
teigo: Tsuchimikado
25 Nov 1211 - 20 Apr 1221 Morinari .................................. 1197-1242
teigo: Juntokyo
20 Apr - 09 Jul 1221 Kanenari .................................. 1218-1234
teigo: Chukyo
09 Jul 1221 - 04 Oct 1232 Yutahito .................................. 1212-1232
teigo: Go-Horikawa II
04 Oct 1232 - 09 Jan 1242 Misuhito .................................. 1231-1242
teigo: Shijo
20 Jan 1242 - 29 Jan 1246 Kunihito .................................. 1220-1272
teigo: Go-Saga
29 Jan 1246 - 09 Jan 1260 Hisahito .................................. 1243-1304
teigo: Go-Fukakusa
09 Jan 1260 - 26 Jan 1274 Tsunehito ................................. 1249-1305
teigo: Kameyama
06 Mar 1274 - 27 Nov 1287 Yohito .................................... 1265-1324
teigo: Go-Uda
27 Nov 1287 - 30 Aug 1298 Hirohito .................................. 1265-1317
teigo: Fushimi
30 Aug 1298 - 22 Jan 1301 Tanehito .................................. 1288-1336
teigo: Go-Fishimi
22 Jan 1301 - 25 Aug 1308 Kuniharu .................................. 1285-1308
teigo: Go-Nijo II
25 Aug 1308 - 29 Mar 1318 Tomihito .................................. 1297-1348
teigo: Hannazono
29 Mar 1318 - 19 Sep 1339 Takaharu .................................. 1288-1339
teigo: Go-Daigo II
20 Sep 1331 - 25 May 1333 Kogon ..................................... 1313-1364
(Northern pretender)
Shoguns
1184 - 1192 Minamoto no Yoshinaka
1192 - 09 Feb 1199 Minamoto Yoritomo ......................... 1147-1199
1202 - 1203 Minamoto no Yoriietomo
1203 - 12 Feb 1219 Minamoto Sanetomo ......................... 1192-1219
1226 - 1244 Huziwara Yoritsune ........................ 1218-1256
1244 - 1251 Huziwara Kujo Yoritsugu ................... 1239-1256
1252 - 1266 Prince Munetaka ........................... 1242-1274
1266 - 1289 Prince Koreyasu ........................... 1264-1326
1289 - 1308 Prince Hisaaki ............................ 1276-1328
19 Jun 1308 - 25 Sep 1333 Prince Morikuni ........................... 1301-1333
Ashikaga Shogunate
Emperors
19 Sep 1339 - 29 Mar 1368 Noriyoshi ................................. 1328-1368
teigo: Go-Murakami
29 Mar 1368 - 27 Oct 1383 Yutanari .................................. 1343-1394
teigo: Chokei
27 Oct 1383 - 21 Oct 1392 Hironari .. ............................... 1347-1424
teigo: Go-Kameyama
21 Oct 1392 - 29 Aug 1412 Motohito .................................. 1377-1433
teigo: Go-Komatsu II
29 Aug 1412 - 20 Jul 1428 Mihito .................................... 1412-1428
teigo: Shoko
28 Jul 1428 - 19 Jul 1464 Hikohito .................................. 1419-1471
teigo: Go-Hanazono
21 Aug 1464 - 21 Oct 1500 Fusahito .................................. 1442-1500
teigo: Go-Tsuchimikado
25 Oct 1500 - 19 May 1527 Katsuhito ................................. 1462-1526
teigo: Go-Kashiwabara
09 Jun 1527 - 27 Sep 1557 Tomohito .................................. 1495-1557
teigo: Go-Nara
27 Sep 1557 - 17 Dec 1586 Michihito ................................. 1517-1593
teigo: Ogimatchi
Shoguns
1336 - 07 Jun 1358 Ashikaga Takauji .......................... 1305-1358
07 Jun 1358 - 28 Dec 1367 Ashikaga Yoshiakira ....................... 1330-1367
1368 - 1394 Ashikaga Yoshimitsu ....................... 1358-1408
1394 - 1423 Ashikaga Yoshimochi ....................... 1386-1428
1423 - 17 Mar 1425 Ashikaga Yoshikazu ........................ 1407-1425
1429 - 12 Jun 1441 Ashikaga Yoshinori ........................ 1394-1441
12 Jun 1441 - 16 Aug 1443 Ashikaga Yoshikatsu ....................... 1434-1443
16 Aug 1443 - 1473 Ashikaga Yoshimasa ........................ 1436-1490
1473 - 26 Apr 1489 Ashikaga Yoshihisa ........................ 1465-1489
22 Jul 1490 - 27 Dec 1494 Ashikaga Yoshitane (1st Time) ............. 1466-1523
23 Jan 1495 - 16 Apr 1508 Ashikaga Yoshizumi ........................ 1481-1511
28 Jul 1508 - 22 Jan 1523 Ashikaga Yoshitane (2nd Time)
18 Feb 1522 - 20 Dec 1546 Ashikaga Yoshiharu ........................ 1511-1550
20 Dec 1546 - 17 Mar 1565 Ashikaga Yoshiteru ........................ 1536-1565
17 Mar 1565 - 28 Oct 1568 Ashikaga Yoshihide ........................ 1538-1568
Azuchi-Momoyama Japan
Emperor
06 Aug 1585 - 10 Feb 1592 Toyotomi Hideyoshi ....................... 1537-1598
(Imperial Regent)
1585 - 1591 Toyotomi Hidetsugu ....................... 1568-1593
(co-regent)
17 Dec 1586 - 09 May 1611 Kazuhito ................................. 1571-1617
teigo: Go-Yozei II
Kanpaku (Imperial Regents)
1600 - 1604 Kujo Kanetaka
1605 - 1606 Konoe Nobutada ........................... 1565-1614
1606 - 1608 Takasukasa Nobufusa ...................... 1565-1657
1608 - 1612 Kujo Yukiie .............................. 1586-1665
Minister of the Right
1576 - 21 Jun 1582 Oda Nobunaga
Tokugawa Shogunate
Emperors
09 May 1611 - 22 Dec 1629 Masahito .................................. 1596-1680
teigo: Go-Mizunoo
22 Dec 1629 - 14 Nov 1643 Empress Oki-ko ............................ 1624-1696
teigo: Meisho
14 Nov 1643 - 30 Oct 1654 Tsuguhito ................................. 1633-1654
teigo: Go-Komyo
30 Oct 1654 - 05 Mar 1663 Nagahito
teigo: Go-Sai
05 Mar 1662 - 02 May 1687 Reigen .................................... 1654-1732
teigo: Satohito
06 May 1687 - 27 Jul 1709 Asahito ................................... 1675-1710
teigo: Higashiyama
27 Jul 1709 - 13 Apr 1735 Yasuhito .................................. 1702-1737
teigo: Nakamikao
13 Apr 1735 - 09 Jul 1747 Teruhito .................................. 1720-1750
teigo: Sakuramachi
09 Jun 1747 - 31 Aug 1762 Toshito ................................... 1741-1762
teigo: Momozano
15 Sep 1762 - 09 Jan 1771 Empress Toshi-Ko .......................... 1740-1813
teigo: Go Sakuramachi
09 Jan 1771 - 16 Dec 1779 Hidenhito ................................. 1758-1779
teigo: Go-Momozono
01 Jan 1780 - 07 May 1817 Tomohito .................................. 1771-1840
teigo: Kakaku
07 May 1817 - 23 Feb 1846 Ayahito ................................... 1800-1846
teigo: Ninko
10 Mar 1846 - 13 Feb 1867 Osahito ................................... 1831-1867
teigo: Komei
Sekkan (Imperial Regents)
1612 - 1615 Takatsukasa Nobuhisa ...................... 1590-1621
1615 - 23 Aug 1619 Nijo Akizane .............................. 1556-1619
1619 - 1623 Kujo Yukiie (2nd Time)
1623 - 1629 Konoe Nobuhiro ............................ 1599-1649
1629 - 1635 Ichijo Akiyoshi (1st Time) ................ 1605-1672
1635 - 1647 Nijo Yasumichi ............................ 1607-1666
1647 Kujo Michifusa ............................ 1609-1647
1647 - 1651 Ichijo Akiyoshi (2nd Time)
1651 - 1653 Konoe Hisatugu ............................ 1622-1653
1703 - 1707 Takatsukasa Kanehiro ...................... 1659-1725
1707 - 1712 Konoe Iehiro .............................. 1667-1736
1712 - 1722 Kujo Sukezane ............................. 1669-1729
1722 - 1726 Nijo Tsunahira ............................ 1672-1732
1726 - 1736 Konoe Iehisa .............................. 1687-1737
1736 - 1737 Nijo Yoshitada ............................ 1689-1737
1737 - 1746 Ichijo Kaneka ............................. 1692-1751
1746 - 1757 Ichijo Michika ............................ 1722-1769
1757 - 1778 Konoe Uchisaki ............................ 1728-1785
1778 - 1787 Kujo Naozane .............................. 1717-1787
1787 - 1791 Takatsukasa Sukehira ...................... 1738-1813
1791 - 1795 Ichija Teruyoshi .......................... 1756-1795
1795 - 1814 Takatsukasa Masahiro ...................... 1761-1841
1814 - 1823 Ichijo Tadayoshi .......................... 1774-1837
1823 - 1856 Takatsukasa Masamichi ..................... 1789-1868
1856 - 1862 Kujo Hisatada ............................. 1787-1871
1862 - 1863 Prince Konoe Tadahiro ..................... 1808-1898
1863 - 1864 Takatsukasa Sukehiro ...................... 1807-1878
31 Jan 1864 - 03 Jan 1868 Nijo Nariyuki ............................. 1816-1878
Shoguns
1603-1605 Tokugawa Ieyasu
1605-1623 Tokugawa Hidetada
1623-1651 Tokugawa Iemitsu
1651-1680 Tokugawa Ietsuna
15 Sep 1680 - 19 Feb 1709 Tokugawa Tsunayoshi ....................... 1646-1709
19 Sep 1709 - 12 Nov 1712 Tokugawa Ienobu ........................... 1709-1716
12 Nov 1712 - 19 Jun 1716 Tokugawa Ietsugu .......................... 1709-1716
19 Jun 1716 - 20 Oct 1745 Tokugawa Yoshumune ........................ 1677-1751
20 Oct 1745 - 25 Jun 1760 Tokugawa Ieshige .......................... 1712-1761
25 Jun 1760 - 29 Sep 1786 Tokugawa Ieharu ........................... 1737-1786
15 Apr 1787 - 06 May 1837 Tokugawa Ienari ........................... 1773-1841
01 Oct 1837 - 26 Aug 1853 Tokugawa Ieyoshi .......................... 1792-1853
23 Nov 1853 - 14 Sep 1858 Tokugawa Iesada ........................... 1824-1858
14 Sep 1858 - 29 Aug 1866 Tokugawa Iemochi .......................... 1846-1866
10 Jan 1867 - 04 Jan 1868 Tokugawa Yoshinobu ........................ 1837-1913
State of Japan
Government: Constitutional Monarchy.
Capital: Tokyo.
Language: Japanese (Court Japanese until later Showa era), Korean, Chinese.
Religion: Shinto, Buddhisum, Christianity.
National Anthem: "Kimi in Kimigayo" ("May thousands of years of happy reign be yours").
National Emblem: Chrysanthemum.
National Day: 23rd December, Birthday of Emperor Akihito (1933), April 28th: Independence day (1952).
National Motto: Hakko ichiu (All the world under one roof).
Currency: Japanese Yen.
Emperors
13 Feb 1867 - 30 Jul 1912 Mutsuhito ................................. 1852-1912
nengo: Meiji
30 Jul 1912 - 25 Dec 1926 Yoshihito ................................. 1879-1926
nengo: Taisho
29 Nov 1921 - 25 Dec 1926 Crown Prince Hirohito ..................... 1901-1989
(Regent)
25 Dec 1926 - 07 Jan 1989 Hirohito .................................. s.a
nengo: Showa
07 Jan 1989 - 30 Apr 2019 Akihito ................................... 1933-
nengo: Heisi
01 May 2019 - Naruhito .................................. 1960-
nengo: Reiwa
Prime Minister
01 Jan - 11 Jun 1868 Prince Taruhito ........................... 1835-1895
Chief Minister
11 Jun 1868 - 22 Dec 1885 Duke Sanetomi Sanjo ....................... 1849-1911
Prime Ministers
22 Dec 1885 - 30 Apr 1888 Prince Ito Hirobumi ....................... 1841-1909
(1st Time)
01 May 1888 - 24 Dec 1889 Count Kiyotaka Kuroda
24 Dec 1889 - 06 May 1891 Duke Aritomo Yamagata (1st Time)
06 May 1891 - 08 Aug 1892 Duke Masayoshi Matsukata
08 Aug 1892 - 18 Sep 1896 Prince Hirobumi Ito (2nd Time)
18 Sep 1896 - 12 Jan 1898 Duke Masayoshi Matsukata
12 Jan - 30 Jun 1898 Prince Hirobumi Ito (3rd Time)
30 Jun - 08 Nov 1898 Marquess Shigenobu Okuma (1st Time)
08 Nov 1898 - 10 Oct 1900 Duke Aritomo Yamagata (2nd Time)
10 Oct 1900 - 02 Jun 1901 Prince Hirobumi Ito (4th Time)
02 Jun 1901 - 07 Jan 1906 Duke Taro Katsura (1st Time)
07 Jan 1906 - 14 Jul 1908 Duke Kimmochi Saionji (1st Time)
14 Jul 1908 - 30 Aug 1911 Duke Taro Katsura (2nd Time)
30 Aug 1911 - 19 Dec 1912 Duke Kimmochi Saionji (2nd Time)
19 Dec 1912 - 12 Feb 1913 Duke Taro Katsura (3rd Time)
12 Feb 1913 - 15 Apr 1914 Count Gonnohyoe Yamamoto (1st Time)
15 Apr 1914 - 09 Oct 1916 Marquess Shigenobu Okuma (2nd Time)
09 Oct 1916 - 29 Sep 1918 Count Masatake Terauchi
30 Sep 1918 - 04 Nov 1921 Takashi Hara
04 Nov 1921 - 12 Jun 1922 Korekiyo Takahashi (1st Time)
12 Jun 1922 - 24 Aug 1923 Tomosabura Kato
26 Aug - 12 Sep 1923 Yasuya Uchida
12 Sep 1923 - 05 Jan 1924 Count Gonnohyoe Yamamoto (2nd Time)
05 Jan 1924 - 27 Jan 1926 Count Takaaki Kato
30 Jan 1926 - 19 Apr 1927 Reijiro Wakatsuki (1st Time)
19 Apr 1927 - 02 Jul 1929 Baron Giichi Tanaka
02 Jul 1929 - 14 Apr 1931 Osachi Hamaguchi
14 Apr - 13 Dec 1931 Reijiro Wakatsuki (2nd Time)
13 Dec 1931 - 16 May 1932 Tsuyoshi Inuskai
16 May - 26 May 1932 Korekiyo Takahashi (2nd Time)
26 May 1932 - 08 Jul 1934 Viscount Makoto Saito
08 Jul 1934 - 09 Mar 1936 Keisuke Okada
09 Mar 1936 - 02 Feb 1937 Koki Hirota
02 Feb - 02 Jun 1937 Senjuro Hayashi
02 Jun 1937 - 04 Jan 1939 Duke Fumimaro Konoe (1st Time)
04 Jan - 29 Aug 1939 Baron Kiichiro Hiranuma
29 Aug 1939 - 15 Jan 1940 Nobuyuki Abe
15 Jan - 21 Jul 1940 Mitsumasa Yonai
21 Jul 1940 - 18 Oct 1941 Duke Fumimaro Konoe (2nd Time)
18 Oct 1941 - 22 Jul 1944 Hideki Tojo ............................... 1884-1948
22 Jul 1944 - 07 Apr 1945 Kuniaki Koiso ............................. 1880-1950
07 Apr - 16 Aug 1945 Baron Kantaro Suzuki ...................... 1867-1948
16 Aug - 08 Oct 1945 Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni ............... 1887-1990
08 Oct 1945 - 20 May 1946 Baron Kijuro Shidehara .................... 1872-1951
20 May 1946 - 21 May 1947 Shigeru Yoshida (1st Time) ................ 1878-1967 LDP
21 May 1947 - 23 Feb 1948 Tetsu Katayama ............................ 1887-1978 SDP
23 Feb - 15 Oct 1948 Hitoshi Ashida ............................ 1887-1959 LDP
15 Oct 1948 - 10 Dec 1954 Shigeru Yoshida (2nd Time)
10 Dec 1954 - 23 Dec 1956 Ichiro Hatoyama ........................... 1883-1959 LDP
23 Dec 1956 - 24 Feb 1957 Tanzan Ishibashi .......................... 1885-1973 LDP
24 Feb 1957 - 18 Jul 1960 Nobusuke Kishi ............................ 1896-1987 LDP
18 Jul 1960 - 09 Nov 1964 Hayato Ikeda .............................. 1899-1965 LDP
09 Nov 1964 - 06 Jul 1972 Eisaku Sato ............................... 1901-1975 LDP
06 Jul 1972 - 09 Dec 1974 Kakuei Tanaka ............................. 1918-1993 LDP
09 Dec 1974 - 24 Dec 1976 Takeo Miki ................................ 1907-1988 LDP
24 Dec 1976 - 07 Dec 1978 Takeo Fukuda .............................. 1905-1995 LDP
07 Dec 1978 - 12 Jun 1980 Masayoshi Ohira ........................... 1910-1980 LDP
12 Jun - 17 Jul 1980 Masayoshi Ito ............................. 1913-1994 LDP
17 Jul 1980 - 26 Nov 1982 Zenko Suzuki .............................. 1911-2004 LDP
26 Nov 1982 - 06 Nov 1987 Yasuhiro Nakasone ......................... 1918-2019 LDP
06 Nov 1987 - 02 Jun 1989 Noboru Takeshita .......................... 1924-2000 LDP
02 Jun - 09 Aug 1989 Sosuke Uno ................................ 1922-1998 LDP
09 Aug 1989 - 06 Nov 1991 Toshiki Kaifu ............................. 1931-2022 LDP
06 Nov 1991 - 09 Aug 1993 Kiichi Miyazawa ........................... 1919-2007 LDP
09 Aug 1993 - 25 Apr 1994 Morihiro Hosokawa ......................... 1938- SDP
25 Apr - 29 Jun 1994 Tsutomu Hata .............................. 1935- DJP
29 Jun 1994 - 11 Jan 1996 Tomiichi Murayama ......................... 1924- SDP
11 Jan 1996 - 30 Jul 1998 Ryutaro Hashimoto ......................... 1937-2006 LDP
30 Jul 1998 - 05 Apr 2000 Keizo Obuchi .............................. 1937-2000 LDP
05 Apr 2000 - 26 Apr 2001 Yoshiro Mori .............................. 1934- LDP
26 Apr 2001 - 26 Sep 2006 Junichiro Koizumi ......................... 1937- LDP
26 Sep 2006 - 26 Sep 2007 Shino Abe (1st Time) ...................... 1954-2022 LDP
26 Sep 2007 - 24 Sep 2008 Yasuo Fukuda .............................. 1936- LDP
24 Sep 2008 - 16 Sep 2009 Taro Aso .................................. 1940- LDP
16 Sep 2009 - 04 Jun 2010 Yukio Hatoyama ............................ 1947- DPJ
04 Jun 2010 - 02 Sep 2011 Naoto Kan ................................. 1946- DPJ
02 Sep 2011 - 26 Dec 2012 Yoshihiko Noda ............................ 1957- DPJ
26 Dec 2012 - 16 Sep 2020 Shino Abe (2nd Time)
16 Sep 2020 - 04 Oct 2021 Yoshihide Suga ............................ 1948- LDP
04 Oct 2021 - 01 Oct 2024 Fumio Kishida ............................. 1957- LDP
01 Oct 2024 - Shigeru Ishiba ............................ 1957- LDP
Style of the Monarch (since 1947): Nihon koku Tenno ("Japanese State Sovereign");
Dai Nippon Teikoku Tenno ("Great Japan Empire Sovereign"); in use 1890-1947.
Orders: Dai-kun'i kikka-sho (Order of the Chrysanthemum).
Toka sho (Order of the Paulownia Flowers).
Kyokujitsu-sho (Order of the Rising Sun).
Zuiho-sho (Order of the Sacred Treasure [Order of Meiji]).
Hohan-sho (Order of the Precious Crown).
Bunka-kunsho (Order of Culture).
Bunka korosha (Person of Cultural Merit).
Hosho (Medal of Honor).
Political Parties
DPP=Kokumin Minshuto (Democratic Party for thr People [former DJP]).
LDP=Jiyu Minshuto (Liberal Democratic Party, conservative, nationalist, centre-right).
SDP=Shakai Minshu (Social Democratic Party, social democratic).
Ryukyu Islands
c. 660 Under Chinese suzerainty
1326 - 1429 Divided into three Kingdoms, Nanzan, Hokuzan, Chuzan.
14 Oct 1872 Associated with Japan
11 Mar 1879 Annexed by Japan, divided into Kagoshima and Okinawa prefectures
03 Apr 1945 - 21 Nov 1967 Okinawa occupied by the U.S
15 Dec 1950 - 15 May 1972 Under U.S military occupation
01 Apr 1951 Ryukyu Islands under U.S administration
25 Dec 1953 Amami Oshima returned to Japan
21 Nov 1967 All Ryukyu Islands except Okinawa returned to Japan
26 Jun 1968 Bonin Islands returned to Japan
15 May 1972 Okinawa restored to Japan
Kings of Chuzan
1187 - 1237 Shunten
1238 - 1248 Shun Bajunki
1249 - 1259 Gihon
1260 - 1299 Eiso
1300 - 1308 Taisei
1309 - 1313 Eiji
1314 - 1336 Tamagusuku
1337 - 1354 Seii
1355 - 1395 Satto
1396 - 1405 Bunei
1405 - 1421 Sho Shisho
1422 - 1429 Sho Hashi
Kings of Ryukyu
1429 - 01 Jun 1439 Sho Hashi
01 Jun 1439 - 1444 Sho Chu
1444 - 29 Oct 1449 Sho Shitatsu
1450 - 1453 Sho Kinpuku
1454 - 1460 Sho Taikyu
1461 - 1469 Sho Toku
1470 - 1476 Sho En
1477 Sho Sen'i
1477 - 1526 Sho Shin
1527 - 1555 Sho Sei
1556 - 1572 Sho Gen
1573 - 1586 Sho Ei
1587 - 1620 Sho Nei
1621 - 1640 Sho Ho
1641 - 1647 Sho Ken
1648 - 20 Dec 1668 Sho Shitsu
01 Jan 1669 - 18 Aug 1709 Sho Tei/Shan Jing ........................ 1645-1709
1669 - 16.. Sho Jo Ken
(regent)
1710 - 16 Aug 1712 Sho Eki/Shang Ben ........................ 1678-1712
16 Aug 1712 - 14 Mar 1752 Sho Kei/Shang Jing ....................... 1700-1751
1751 - 14 Mar 1752 Sai On ................................... 1682-1761
(regent)
14 Mar 1752 - 19 Feb 1794 Sho Boku/Shang Mu ........................ 1739-1794
19 Feb 1794 - 08 Aug 1802 Sho On/Shang Wen ......................... 1784-1802
08 Aug 1802 - 07 Feb 1803 Sho Sei/Shang Cheng ...................... 1783-1804
1804 - 05 Jul 1834 Sho Ko/Shang Hao ......................... 1787-1839
05 Jul 1834 - 19 Aug 1847 Sho Iku/Shang Yu ......................... 1813-1847
(Regent from 1828)
08 Jun 1848 - 11 Mar 1879 Sho Tai/Shang Tai ........................ 1843-1901
United States Military Governors
01 Apr - 18 Jun 1945 Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr. ................ 1886-1945
18 Jun - 23 Jun 1945 Roy Stanley Geiger ....................... 1885-1947
(acting)
23 Jun - 16 Oct 1945 Joseph Warren Stillwell .................. 1883-1946
17 Oct - 29 Dec 1945 Lawrence August Lawson ................... 1897-1951
30 Dec 1945 - 26 Feb 1946 Fremont Byron Hodson ..................... 1894-1974
27 Feb - 21 May 1946 Leo Donovan .............................. 1895-1950
21 May 1946 - 11 May 1948 Frederic Lord Hayden ..................... 1901-1969
11 May 1948 - 30 Sep 1949 William Willis Eagles .................... 1895-1988
01 Oct 1949 - 21 Jul 1950 Josef Robert Sheetz ...................... 1895-1992
21 Jul - 06 Dec 1950 Robert Battey McClure .................... 1896-1973
06 Dec - 09 Dec 1950 Harry Benham Sherman ..................... 1894-1974
(acting)
09 Dec - 15 Dec 1950 Robert Sprague Beightler ................. 1892-1978
Deputy Governors and Commanding Generals
15 Dec 1950 - 10 May 1951 Robert Sprague Beightler (1st Time) ...... s.a
10 May - 07 Aug 1951 Harry Benham Sherman ..................... s.a
(acting)
08 Aug 1951 - 16 Dec 1952 Robert Sprague Beightler (2nd Time)
18 Dec 1952 - 02 Jan 1953 Mark Wayne Clarke ........................ 1896-1984
03 Jan 1953 - 04 Mar 1955 David Ayers Depue Ogden .................. 1897-1969
05 Mar 1955 - 03 Jul 1957 James Edward Moore ....................... 1902-1986
Chief Executives
01 Apr 1951 - 25 Oct 1956 Shuhei Higa .............................. 1902-1956
25 Oct 1956 - 10 Nov 1959 Jugo Toma ................................ 1895-1971
10 Nov 1959 - 31 Oct 1964 Seisaku Ota .............................. 1904-1999
01 Nov 1964 - 30 Nov 1968 Seiho Matsuoka ........................... 1897-1989
01 Dec 1968 - 14 May 1972 Chobyo Yara .............................. s.a
Hokkaido (Ezo)
1300 Claimed by Japan but opossed by Ainu rebellions
1494 - 1869 Under the Matsumae Daimyo
1799 - 1821 Directed Japanese administration
27 Jan 1869 Republic of Ezo (in secession)
27 Jun 1869 Republic extinguished by Japan
20 Sep 1869 Incorporated into Japan
12 Apr 1947 Hokkaido a prefecture of Japan
President
27 Jan - 27 Jun 1869 Takaeki Enomoto .......................... 1836-1908
Directors of the Hokkaido Agency
26 Jan 1886 - 15 Jun 1888 Baron Iwamura Michitoshi ................. 1840-1915
15 Jun 1888 - 15 Jun 1891 Takeshiro Nagayama ....................... 1837-1904
15 Jun 1891 - 19 Jul 1892 Chiaki Watanabe
19 Jul 1892 - 07 Apr 1896 Baron Kunimichi Kitagaki ................. 1836-1916
07 Apr 1896 - 04 Sep 1897 Yasutaro Hara
04 Sep 1897 - 16 Jul 1898 Baron Yasukazu Yasuba .................... 1835-1899
16 Jul - 12 Nov 1898 Teiichi Sugita
12 Nov 1898 - 20 Dec 1906 Lord Anken Sonoda ........................ 1850-1924
20 Dec 1906 - 28 Apr 1911 Lord Atsushi Kawashima
16 May 1911 - 28 Dec 1912 Kenzo Ishihara
28 Dec 1912 - 17 Feb 1913 Ichiji Yamanouchi
27 Feb 1913 - 21 Apr 1914 Junkuro Nakamura
21 Apr 1914 - 12 Aug 1915 Hiromichi Nishikubo
12 Aug 1915 - 18 Apr 1919 Magoichi Tawara .......................... 1869-1944
18 Apr 1919 - 27 May 1921 Lord Shinichi Kasai ...................... 1864-1929
27 May 1921 - 29 Sep 1923 Shunji Miyao
29 Sep 1923 - 16 Sep 1925 Kahei Toki ............................... 1875-1946
16 Sep 1925 - 30 Apr 1927 Lord Kenzo Nakagawa
30 Apr 1927 - 05 Jul 1929 Ushimaro Sawada
07 Jul 1929 - 02 Oct 1931 Hideo Ikeda
02 Oct 1931 - 22 Apr 1936 Sinichi Sasaki ........................... 1882-1943
22 Apr 1936 - 05 Jun 1937 Kiyoshi Ikeda ............................ 1885-1966
05 Jun 1937 - 23 Dec 1938 Ishiguro Hidehiko ........................ 1884-1945
23 Dec 1938 - 05 Sep 1939 Kiyoshi Nakarai
05 Sep 1939 - 15 Jun 1942 Ichiro Totsuka
15 Jun 1942 - 21 Apr 1945 Chiaki Saka
21 Apr - 27 Oct 1945 Kenichi Kumagai
27 Oct 1945 - 25 Jan 1946 Yoshio Mochinaga ......................... 1893-1979
25 Jan - 25 Apr 1946 Yukio Tomeoka
25 Apr 1946 - 04 Feb 1947 Kaneshichi Masuda
04 Feb - 12 Apr 1947 Yoshi Okada .............................. 1900-2000
Karafuto
1845 Japan proclaims sovereignty over Sakhalin
04 Sep 1875 Sakhalin incorporated into Russia in exchange for
Japan obtaining all the Chishima (Kuril) Islands
07 Jul 1905 Occupied by Japan
05 Sep 1905 Annexed by Japan
01 Apr 1907 Karafuto Agency (a colony of Japan)
22 Apr 1920 - 25 May 1925 North Sakhalin occupied by Japan
01 Apr 1943 Karafuto incorporated into Japan as a prefecture
11 Aug 1945 Occupied by the Soviet Union
02 Jan 1946 Karafuto government abolished
02 Feb 1946 Annexed by the Soviet Union
08 Sep 1952 Japan renounces sovereignty over South Sakhalin
by Treaty of San Francisco
Japanese Military Governors
07 Jul 1905 - 06 Jul 1906 Kensai Haraguchi ....................... 1847-1919
06 Jul 1906 - 31 Mar 1907 Seizo Okazaki .......................... 1851-1910
Soviet Military Commander
11 Aug - 27 Aug 1945 Leontiy Georgiyevich Cheremisov ........ 1893-1967
Soviet Military Administrators
27 Apr - 30 Sep 1945 Mikhail Vasilyevich Alimov ............. 1899-1978
30 Apr 1945 - 02 Feb 1946 Maksim Aleksandrovich Purkayev ......... 1894-1953
Directors of the Department of Civil Affairs
28 Jul 1905 - 31 Jan 1907 Kiichiro Kumagai
Directors of the Karafuto Agency
01 Apr 1907 - 24 Apr 1908 Sachihiko Kusunose
24 Apr - 12 Jun 1908 Takejiro Tokonami
12 Jun 1908 - 05 Jun 1914 Sadataro Hiraoka
05 Jun 1914 - 09 Oct 1916 Bunji Okada
09 Oct 1916 - 17 Apr 1919 Akira Sakaya (1st Time)
17 Apr 1919 - 11 Jun 1924 Kinjiro Nagai
11 Jun 1924 - 05 Aug 1926 Akira Sakaya (2nd Time)
05 Aug 1926 - 27 Jul 1927 Katsuzo Toyoda
27 Jul 1927 - 09 Jul 1929 Koji Kita
09 Jul 1929 - 17 Dec 1931 Shinobu Agata
17 Dec 1931 - 05 Jul 1932 Masao Kishimoto
05 Jul 1932 - 07 May 1938 Takeshi Imamura
07 May 1938 - 09 Apr 1940 Shunichi Munesue
09 Apr 1940 - 01 Jul 1943 Masanori Ogawa
01 Jul 1943 - 30 Dec 1945 Toshio Otsu
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