Hayastan
c. 2107-331 BC Kingdom of Armenia
331-401 Annexed by Persia
401-200 Kingdom of Armenia
200-189 Annexed by Syria
189 BC -175 AD Kingdom of Armenia
175-215 Annexed by Roman Empire
215-428 Kingdom of Armenia
428-628 Annexed by Byzantine Empire
628-782 Principality of Armenia
782-806 Annexed by Islamic Caliphate
806-1045 Principality of Armenia
1045-1245 Annexed by Rum
1080-1199 Lordship of Lesser Armenia (Cilicia)
1199-1375 Kingdom of Lesser Armenia
1245-1639 Annexed by Persia
1639-1827 Divided by Persia and Ottoman Empire
1722 - 1730 Armenian Kingdom
1722 - 01 Oct 1827 Khanate of Yerevan
22 Feb 1828 Eastern Armenia ceded to Russia by Persia
16 May 1915 - 07 Apr 1918 Russian occupation of Western Armenia,
under Transcaucasia occupation
22 Apr 1918 Part of the Transcaucasia
28 May 1919 Eastern and Western Armenia united
30 May 1918 - 02 Dec 1920 Republic of Armenia
29 Nov 1920 Soviet occupation
02 Dec 1920 - 23 Aug 1990 Armenian S.S.R
09 Dec 1920 Former Ottoman Armenia ceded to Turkey
16 Mar 1921 Kars and Ardahan ceded to Turkey
23 Aug 1990 Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun (Republic of Armenia)
23 Sep 1991 Independence declared, effective 31 Dec 1991
06 Jan 1992 - Artsakh Republic declares independence from Azerbaijan,
supported but not recognised by Armenia
02 Jan 2015 Accession to the Eurasian Union
Ancient Armenia
Monarchs
2107-2026 Haykazuni, Hayk
2026-1980 Haykazuni, Armenak
1980-1940 Haykazuni, Aramaiyis
1940-1908 Haykazuni, Amasia
1908-1858 Haykazuni, Gegham
1858 Haykazuni, Sisak
1858-1827 Haykazuni, Arma
1827-1769 Haykazuni, Arm
1769-1743 Haykazuni, Aray
1743-1725 Haykazuni, Kardos
1725-1662 Haykazuni, Anushavan Sosanwer
1662-1612 Haykazuni, Paret
1612-1568 Haykazuni, Arbak
1568-1531 Haykazuni, Zawan
1531-1478 Haykazuni, Parnak
1478-1433 Haykazuni, Sur
1433-1403 Haykazuni, Honak
1403-1381 Haykazuni, Vashtak
1381-1363 Haykazuni, Haykaka
1363-1349 Haykazuni, Ambak I
1349-1332 Haykazuni, Arnak
1332-1326 Haykazuni, Shawarsh I
1326-1302 Haykazuni, Norayr
1302-1289 Haykazuni, Vstam
1289-1285 Haykazuni, Kar
1285-1267 Haykazuni, Gorak
1267-1242 Haykazuni, Hrant
1242-1227 Haykazuni, Yndzak
1227-1197 Haykazuni, Glak
1197-1194 Haykazuni, Horoy
1194-1180 Haykazuni, Zarmayr
1180-1137 Haykazuni, Shawarsh II
1137-1102 Haykazuni, Perch I
1102-1075 Haykazuni, Arbun
1075-1035 Haykazuni, Perch II
1035-985 Haykazuni, Bazuk
985-941 Haykazuni, Hoy
941-911 Haykazuni, Husak
911-883 Haykazuni, Ambak II
883-838 Haykazuni, Kaypak
838-805 Haykazuni, Parnawaz
805-765 Haykazuni, Pharnak II
765-748 Haykazuni, Skayordi
748-700 Haykazuni, Paroyr
700-678 Haykazuni, Hracheay
678-665 Haykazuni, Pharnawaz
665-630 Haykazuni, Pachoych
630-622 Haykazuni, Kornak
622-605 Haykazuni, Pharos
605-570 Haykazuni, Haykak II
570-560 Haykazuni, Orontes I Sakavakyats
560-535 Haykazuni, Tigranes I Orontes
535-493 Haykazuni, Vahagan I
...-... Hidarnes I
...-... Hidarnes II
...-... Hidarnes III
...-... Ardashir I
...-... Sarduris I
...-... Menuas I
401-334 Ervanduni, Ervard I
336-325 Ervanduni, Ervand II
325-312 Ervabduni, Mithranis I
312-260 Ervanduni, Orontes I
260 Ervanduni, Samus I
260-230 Ervanduni, Arsames I
230-212 Ervanduni, Zerzes I
212 Ervanduni, Orontes II
212-200 Ervanduni, Ervand III
200-159 Artaxiad, Arshes I The Conqueror
159-123 Artaxiad, Artavazd I
123-95 Artaxiad, Tiran I
95-55 Artaxiad, Tiran II
55-33 Artaxiad, Artasvad II
33-20 Artaxiad, Artaxes I
20-08 Artaxiad, Tiran III
08-01 Artaxiad, Tiran IV
01-02 Artaxiad, Erato
01-02 Artaxiad, Artasvad III
02-04 Atropatinid, Ariobazanes I
04-06 Atropatinid, Artasvades IV
04-06 Artaxiad, Artavazd IV
06-11 Herodian, Tiran V
11-16 Arsacid, Vonones I
16-18 Arsacid, Orodes I
18-34 Ponyian, Artashes I
34-36 Arsacid, Arshark I
36-51 Iberian, Mithridates I
51-60 Arsacid, Trdat I
(1st Time63-75)
60-63 Cappadocian, Tigranes VI
63-75 Arsacid, Trdat I
(2nd Time)
75-100 Arsacid, Sanatruk I
100-113 Arsacid, Axideris I
113-115 Arsacid, Parthamasiris I
115-117 Arsacid, Parthamasires I
117-138 Arsacid, Valarsh I
138-142 Arsacid, Trdat II
142-161 Arsacid, Tigranes VII
161 Emesa, Sohamus I
(1st Time)
161-163 Arsacid, Aurelius Pacorus I
163-175 Emesa, Sohamus I
(2nd Time)
175-191 Arsacid, Vologases II "The Great"
191-198 Arsacid, Kotak I "The Brave"
(1st Time)
198-212 Arsacid, Sanatruk II
212-216 Arsacid, Kotak I "The Brave"
(2nd Time)
216-222 Arsacid, Trdat III
(1st Time)
222-228 Arsacid, Arsaces II
228-252 Arsacid, Trdat III
(2nd Time)
252-261 Arsacid, Artavazdes V
261-272 Sassanid, Hormazd I
272-293 Sassanid, Nerseh I
279-287 Arsacid, Kotak II "The Valiant"
287-298 Arsacid, Trdat IV
298-330 Arsacid, Trdat III "The Great"
330-338 Arsacid, Kotak II
338-350 Arsacid, Tiran VI
350-368 Arsacid, Arshark III
368-374 Arsacid, Pap I
374-380 Arsacid, Varazdat I
380-390 Arsacid, Arshark III
380-394 Arsacid, Valarshak I
384-389 Arsacid, Kotak IV
389-417 Arsacid, Varamshapur I
417-422 Sassanid, Shapur
422-428 Arsacid, Artashes IV
Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia
Kings
628-636 Bagratuni, Varaz-Tirots
628-635 Gnuni, Mzhezh I
635-638 Saharuni, David I
638-643 Rshtuni, Toros I
(1st Time)
643-645 Bagratuni, Varaz I
645-654 Rshtuni, Toros I
(2nd Time)
654-655 Mamikonian, Mushegh I
655-658 Mamikonian, Hamazasp I
658-685 Mamikonian, Gregory I
685-690 Bagratuni, Ashot II
690-691 Kamsaran, Nerseh I
691-711 Bagratuni, Smbat VI
732-748 Bagratuni, Ashot III
748-750 Mamikonian, Gregory II
750-755 Mamikonian, Mushegh II
755-761 Bagratuni, Sahak III
761-772 Bagratuni, Smbat VII
780-782 Andzewatsi, Tachat I
806-826 Bagratuni, Ashot IV
826-855 Bagratuni, Smbat VIII
830-852 Bagratuni, Bagarat II
855-890 Artsruni, Ashot V
890-914 Artsruni, Smbat IX
914-928 Artsruni, Ashot VI
928-951 Artsruni, Abas I
951-977 Artsruni, Ashot VII
977-989 Artsruni, Smbat X
989-1019 Artsruni, Gagik I
1019-1041 Artsruni, Smbat XI
1020-1040 Artsruni, Ashot VIII
1041-1045 Artsruni, Gagik II
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (Lesser Armenia)
Kings
1080 - 1095 Roupen, Ruben I "Lord of the Mountains"
1095 - 23 Feb 1103 Roupen, Konstadin I
23 Feb 1109 - 17 Feb 1129 Roupen, Toros I
17 Feb 1129 - 1130 Roupen, Konstadin II
1130 - 14 Feb 1140 Roupen, Levan I
14 Feb 1140 - 06 Feb 1169 Roupen, Toros II "The Great"
06 Feb 1169 - 1170 Roupen, Ruben II
1170 - 15 May 1175 Roupen, Mleh
15 May 1175 - May 1219 Roupen, Levan II
(King of Armenia from 1199)
May 1219 - 23 Jan 1252 Roupen, Zabel
1226 - 1269 Roupen, Hethoum
1269 - 1289 Roupen, Levan III
1289 - 1293 Roupen, Hethoum II
(1st Time)
1293 - 23 Jul 1298 Roupen, Toros III
(co-ruler)
1294 - 1297 Roupen, Hethoum II
(2nd Time)
1297 - 1299 Sempad
1299 Konstadin II
1299 - 17 Nov 1307 Roupen, Hethoum II
(3rd Time)
1301 - 17 Nov 1307 Roupen, Levan IV
(co-ruler)
17 Nov 1307 - 20 Jul 1320 Oshin
20 Jul 1320 - 1329 Oshin of Korikos
(regent)
20 Jul 1320 - 28 Aug 1341 Levan V
28 Aug 1341 - 17 Apr 1344 Lusignan, Konstadin III
17 Apr 1344 - 21 Dec 1362 Lusignan, Konstadin IV
21 Dec 1362 - 1373 Lusignan, Konstadin V
1373 - 1375 Lusignan, Levan VI
Principality of Kapan
Princes
1722 - 1728 Bek, Davit II ............................ 16..-1728
1728 - 1730 Sparapet, Mkhitar ........................ 16..-1730
______________________________________________________________________________
Yerevan Governorate
Governors of Armenia
1828 - 1831 Aleksandr Chavchavadze ................... 1786-1846
1831 - 1838 Yegor Vladimirovich Rozen ................ 1782-1841
1838 - 1840 Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Golovin ........... 1782-1858
Governors of Yerevan
1849 - 1859 Maj-Gen. Ivan Ivanovich Nazarov
1860 - 1862 Maj-Gen. Mikhail Ivanovich Astafev
1862 - 1863 Maj-Gen. Nikolay Nikolayevich Kolyubakin
1863 - 1869 Maj-Gen. Aleksey Nikolayevich Kharitonov
1869 - 1873 Maj-Gen. Nikolay Nikolayevich Karmalin ... 1824-1900
1873 - 1880 Maj-Gen. Mikhail Ivanovich Roslavlev ..... 18..-1887
22 Mar 1880 - 22 Dec 1890 Lt-Gen. Mikhail Yakovlevich Shalikov ..... 1831-1909
02 Feb 1890 - 16 Nov 1895 Lt-Gen. Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Frese ... 1840-1918
20 Feb 1896 - 1916 Count Vladimir Thiodorovich Tiesenhausen . 1844-19..
1916 - 1917 Arkady Evgenyevich Strelbitskiy
14 Mar - Nov 1917 Vladimir A. Kharlamov
1917 Avetis Agaryan
1917 Sokrat Tyurosyan
Armenia 1918-1920
Presidents of the National Council
30 May - 01 Aug 1918 Avetis Arakel Aharonyan .................. 1866-1949
(in Tiblisi, Georgia)
28 May - 19 Jul 1918 Aram Haroutyoumi Manoukyan ............... 1879-1919
(acting for Aharonyan)
Chairman of the Council of Armenia
01 Aug 1918 - 04 Jun 1919 Avetik Hovhannesi Sahakyan ............... 1863-1933
Chairman of the Parliament
05 Aug 1919 - 30 Nov 1920 Avetis Arakel Aharonyan .................. s.a
(abroad on a diplomatic mission)
05 Aug - 10 Aug 1919 Sarkis Shahnazuri Araratyan .............. 1886-1943
(acting for Aharonyan)
10 Aug - 16 Sep 1919 Hovsep Hovhannesi Arghutian .............. 1862-1925
(acting for Aharonyan)
16 Sep - 06 Nov 1919 Sirakan Fadeyi Tigranyan ................. 1875-1935
(acting for Aharonyan)
06 Nov 1919 - 04 Nov 1920 Avetik Hovhannesi Sahakyan ............... s.a
(acting for Aharonyan)
04 Nov - 02 Dec 1920 Hovhannes Roubeni Kachaznuni ............. 1868-1937
Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces
02 Dec - 04 Dec 1920 Drastamat Martirosi Kanyan ............... 1884-1956
Chairman of the Committee for National Salvation
18 Feb - Jun 1921 Simeon Nazari Vratsyan ................... 1882-1969
Prime Ministers
30 Jun 1918 - 07 Aug 1919 Hovhannes Roubeni Kachaznuni ............. s.a
(abroad from 28 May 1919)
28 May 1919 - 05 May 1920 Aleksandr Levoni Khatisyan ............... 1876-1945
(acting to 07 Aug 1919)
05 May - 25 Nov 1920 Hamazasp Ohandzhanyan .................... 1873-1947
25 Nov - 02 Dec 1920 Simeon Nazari Vratsyan ................... 1882-1969
Republic of Armenia
Presidents
23 Sep 1991 - 03 Feb 1998 Levan Akobi Ter-Petrosyan ................ 1945-
04 Feb 1998 - 09 Apr 2008 Robert Sedraki Kocharyan ................. 1954-
09 Apr 2008 - 09 Apr 2018 Serzh Azati Sargsyan ..................... 1954-
09 Apr 2018 - Armen Vardani Sarkisyan .................. 1953-
Prime Ministers
13 Aug 1990 - 22 Nov 1991 Hrant Ararati Bagratyan (1st Time) ....... 1958-
22 Nov 1991 - 30 Jul 1992 Gagik Garushi Arutyunyan ................. 1948-
30 Jul 1992 - 02 Feb 1993 Khosrov Meliki Arutyunyan ................ 1948-
02 Nov 1993 - 04 Nov 1996 Hrant Ararati Bagratyan (2nd Time)
04 Nov 1996 - 20 Mar 1997 Armen Vartani Sarkisyan .................. 1953-
20 Mar 1997 - 10 Apr 1998 Robert Sedraki Kocharyan ................. s.a
10 Apr 1998 - 11 May 1999 Armen Razmi Darbinyan .................... 1965-
11 May - 27 Oct 1999 Vazgen Saveni Sarkisyan .................. 1959-1999
27 Oct 1999 - 12 May 2000 Aram Saveni Sarkisyan .................... 1961-
12 May 2000 - 25 Mar 2007 Andranik Nakhapeti Markaryan ............. 1951-2007
25 Mar 2007 - 09 Apr 2008 Serzh Azati Sargsyan ..................... s.a
09 Apr 2008 - 13 Apr 2014 Tigran Sureni Sargsyan ................... 1960-
13 Apr 2014 - 13 Sep 2016 Hovik Agrami Abrahamyan .................. 1958-
13 Sep 2016 - 18 Apr 2018 Karen Vilhelmi Karapetyan ................ 1963-
(1st Time)
18 Apr - 23 Apr 2018 Serzh Azati Sarkisyan .................... s.a
23 Apr - 08 May 2018 Karen Vilhelmi Karapetyan
(2nd Time, acting)
08 May 2018 - Nikol Vovayi Pashinyan ................... 1975-
Artsakh (Nagorno Karabakh)
Part of Armenia
Part of Ottoman Empire
1722 - 1822 Karabakh Khanate
14 May 1806 Annexed by Russian Empire
Oct 1822 Khanate abolished
04 Jun 1918 Karabakh recognised as part of Azerbaijan
26 Jul 1918 Armenian government formed
09 Jun 1920 Incorporation in to Armenia
02 Dec 1920 Azerbaizhan SSR declares Karabakh part of its territory
25 Dec 1920 Syunik Autonomous Republic proclaimed by Armenia
02 Apr 1921 Independence declared
03 Jun 1921 Recognised as part of Armenian SSR
05 Jul 1921 Made part of Azerbaijan
20 Feb 1988 Votes to Join Armenian SSR, the motion is rejected
by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR but ratified by Armenia
20 Feb 1988 - 16 May 1994 Nagorno-Karabakh War
12 Jan 1989 - 23 Aug 1991 Direct rule from Moscow imposed
01 Dec 1989 Incorporation in to Armenian SSR declared
27 Aug 1990 Autonomy revoked by Azerbaijan SSR
03 Sep 1991 Armenian Republic of Artsakh declared
26 Nov 1991 Oblast abolished by Azerbaijan
06 Jan 1992 Independence declared (not recognised)
10 Dec 2006 Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh
10 Mar 2017 Republic of Artsakh
27 Sep - 10 Nov 2020 Second Nagorno-Karabakh war, Azerbaijan takes Shusha
(7 Nov), Russian mediation ends the conflict with
Armenia agreeing to return all Azerbaijan territory
while retaining unoccupied Artsakh which is to be
monitered by Russian peacekeepers.
First Secretaries of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast Committee of the
Communist Party of Azerbaijan
07 Jul - Dec 1923 Sero V. Manutsyan
Dec 1923 - Apr 1924 Akop Mikael Bendzhanyan .................. 1885-1930
Apr - Oct 1924 Nikolay Sarkis
Oct 1924 - Nov 1925 Hayk Hachatur Silanyan ................... 18..-1938
Nov 1925 - Dec 1929 Artvazd Aleksandur Saakyants ............. 1895-1939
Dec 1929 - May 1930 Ashot Abram Karamyan ..................... 1898-193.
May 1930 - 1931 Khoren Varunts
1931 - 1933 Karapet Shamir Grigoryan ................. 1899-1938
1933 - 1934 Bagrat S. Batikyan
1934 - 1937 Pyotr A. Pogosov
Jul 1937 - Jan 1940 Mikael Sergey Manukyants (1st Time) ...... 1909-1968
Jan 1940 - Jan 1942 Aleksandur Mikhail Avanes ................ 1901-1942
Jan - 13 Mar 1942 Stepan Aleksandrovich Zamarayev
(acting)
13 Mar 1942 - 1946 Yegishe Petros Grigoryan (1st Time) ...... 1902-19..
1946 - 1948 Mikael Sergey Manukyants (2nd Time)
1948 - 1949 Tigran Grigory Grigoryan ................. 1899-1983
1949 - 1952 Dedrak Karapet Abram ..................... 1900-19..
1952 - Dec 1958 Yegishe Petros Grigoryan (2nd Time)
Dec 1958 - Oct 1962 Nikolay Samson Shakhnazar ................ 1908-19..
Oct 1962 - Jun 1973 Gurgen Allakhver Melkumyan ............... 1915-1985
Jun 1973 - 24 Feb 1988 Boris Sarkis Kevork ...................... 1932-1999
24 Feb 1988 - 26 Nov 1991 Genrikh Andrey Pogosyan .................. 1931-2000
Khans
1722 - 1728 Dawud Khan
1728 - 1730 Makhithar
1730 - 1738 Ughurlu II Khan Ziyad Oghlu
1738 - 1743 Khan Chemskeseka
1747 - 1761 Panah Khan
1761 - 1806 Ibrahim Khalil
10 Sep 1806 - Oct 1822 Mahdi Quli Khan Muzaffar
President of the Karabakh Sovereignty Committee
1917 - Sep 1918 Lyuftali-bek Byebut
President of the Karabakh Armenian National Council
Sep 1918 - 15 Jan 1919 Yeghishe Ishkhanyan ...................... 1886-1975
Governor
15 Jan 1919 - May 1920 Khosrov bey Sultan
Presidents
Apr - 1920 Arsen Ogannesyan
1920 - 1921 Sako Ambartsumyan
Apr - Jul 1921 Geregin Egish Ter-Arutyunian ............. 1886-1955
Chairman of the Executive Committee
Jul 1923 - Dec 1929 Armenak Mkrtychevich Karakoz ............. 1890-1937
Dec 1929 - Dec 1931 Islam Abdulla oglu Hadzhiev .............. 1889-1938
1931 - 1935
1935 - 1937 Suren Mirzi Badamyan
Dec 1937 - Dec 1940 Hayk Avetis Karkaryan .................... 1904-1988
Dec 1940 - Oct 1944 Grigory Sergey Petrosyan
Oct 1944 - 1946 Matsak Avaki Grigoryan ................... 1907-1969
1946 - 1953 Yegishe Semyon Akop
1953 - 1954 Pasha Astsatur Arushyan .................. 1916-2004
1954 - Mar 1963 Ruben Tevos Shakhramyan .................. 1914-19..
Mar 1963 - Feb 1974 Musheg Grigoryan Ogandzhanyan ............ 1924-
Feb 1974 - Aug 1988 Armais Amari Aslan ....................... 1923-1992
Aug 1988 - 27 Aug 1990 Semyon Amayak Babayan .................... 1932-
12 Sep 1990 - 08 Jan 1992 Leonard Giorgiy Petrosyan ................ 1953-1999
08 Jan - 14 Apr 1992 Artur Aslan Mkrtchyan .................... 1959-1992
15 Apr 1992 - 14 Jun 1993 Giorgi Mikhay Petrosyan .................. 1953-
(acting)
14 Jun 1993 - 29 Dec 1994 Geran Zarmayri Baburyan .................. 1954-2011
(acting)
Presidents
29 Dec 1994 - 20 Mar 1997 Robert Sedraki Kocharyan ................. 1954-
20 Mar - 08 Sep 1997 Leonid Georgiyevich Petrosyan ............ s.a
(acting)
08 Sep 1997 - 07 Sep 2007 Arkady Arshavir Gukasyan ................. 1957-
07 Sep 2007 - 21 May 2020 Bako Saakis Sahakian ..................... 1960-
21 May 2020 - Arayik Vladimiri Harutyunyan ............. 1973-
Prime Ministers
25 Dec 1920 - 26 Apr 1921 Garegin Egish Ter-Arutyunian
26 Apr - 15 Jul 1921 Simeon Vratsyan .......................... 1882-1969
Chairmen of the Committee of Special Governance
1988 - 12 Jan 1989 Vazgen Grigoryan
12 Jan - 28 Nov 1989 Arkady Ivanovich Vosky
01 Jan 1990 - 14 Sep 1991 Viktor Petrovich Polanichko .............. 1937-1993
Prime Ministers
08 Jan - 14 Aug 1992 Oleg Esayan Yesayan ...................... 1946-
14 Aug 1992 - 24 Dec 1994 Robert Sedraki Kocharyan ................. s.a
Dec 1994 - 15 Jun 1998 Leonard Giorgiy Petrosyan ................ s.a
15 Jun 1998 - 24 Jun 1999 Zhirayr Tevani Poghosyan ................. 1942-
30 Jun 1999 - 14 Sep 2007 Anushavan Sureni Danielyan ............... 1956-
14 Sep 2007 - 25 Sep 2017 Arayik Vladimiri Harutyunyan ............. s.a
Ministers of State
25 Sep 2017 - 06 Jun 2018 Arayik Vladimiri Harutyunyan ............. s.a
06 Jun 2018 - Grigori Igori Martirosyan ................ 1978-
Apostic Church of Armenia
c.43 Founded by Thaddeus the Apostle
Catholicoi of the Armenians
05 May 1892 - 29 Oct 1907 Mkrtich .................................. 1820-1907
30 Oct 1907 - 11 Dec 1910 Matevos II ............................... 1845-1910
11 Dec 1910 - 08 May 1930 Gevorg V ................................. 1847-1930
13 Nov 1932 - 12 Apr 1938 Khoren ................................... 1873-1938
12 Apr 1938 - 09 May 1954 Gevorg VI ................................ 1868-1954
02 Oct 1955 - 17 Aug 1994 Vazgen I of Bucharest .................... 1908-1994
04 Apr 1995 - 29 Jun 1999 Karekin I ................................ 1932-1999
04 Nov 1999 - Karekin II ............................... 1951-
Kars
01 Nov 1877 Occupied by Russia
13 Jul 1878 Ceded to Russia at the Congress of Berlin
03 Mar 1918 Soviets cede the Kars oblast to the Ottomans
May 1919 Incorporated into independent Armenia
1920 Occupied by Turkish troops
29 Nov 1920 Armenia is annexed by Soviet Russia
16 Mar 1921 Soviets cede the territory to the Ottoman Empire
25 Dec 1925 Turkish sovereignty confirmed by Turkish-Soviet treaty
19 Mar 1945 The U.S.S.R denounces the treaty and makes a claim
to the former territory
22 Jun 1945 Turkey rejects the Soviet claims (supported by the
western allies)
30 May 1953 The U.S.S.R renounces all territorial claims against Turkey
Military Governors
01 Nov 1877 - 08 Jun 1878 Ivan Diomidovich Popko ..................... 1819-1893
08 Jun 1878 - 01 Apr 1881 Viktor Antonovich Frankini ................. 1820-1892
01 Apr 1881 - 05 Oct 1883 Aleksandr Ignatevich Grossmann
05 Oct 1883 - 22 Apr 1898 Pyotr Ivanovich Tomich ..................... 1838-1911
17 May 1898 - 20 Jul 1899 Dmitry Aleksandrovich Odintsov
26 Jan 1900 - 01 Dec 1906 Aleksey Aleksandrovich Samoilov
01 Dec 1906 - 03 Feb 1908 Mikhail Pavolich Babich .................... 1844-1918
03 Feb - 23 Jun 1908 Sigismund Viktorovich Volsky ............... 1852-af.1917
23 Jun 1908 - 12 Jul 1912 Peter-Emmanuel Friendrikovich Parkau
12 Jul 1912 - 1915 Aleksey Dmitryevich Podgursky
1915 - 1917 Aleksandr I'lich Sushchinsky
Western Armenia
16 May 1915 - 1918 Russian occupation of Ottoman Western Armenia
18 Dec 1917 Russian Caucasus army begins withdral from the area
12 Feb 1918 Ottomans re-occupy the area
03 Mar 1918 Soviets evacuat the area by Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Imperial Russian Commander
16 May 1915 - 18 Jul 1916 Nikolay Nikolayevich Yudenich
Governors-General
18 Jul - 1916 Nikolay Nikolayevich Peshkov
1916 - 30 Jan 1917 Mikhail Nikolayevich Dryagin
30 Jan - May 1917 Borys Stepanovych Romanovskii-Roman'ko
Commissar-general
28 May 1917 - 1918 Pyort Ivanovich Averyanov
Assistance for Civil Affairs
28 May 1917 - Apr 1918 Akop Zavriyan
28 May - Dec 1917 Thyodor Igorovich Ivanitsky