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Saudi Arabia
1258 - 1517 Hejaz under Egypt
1517 - 1916 Hejaz under Ottoman Empire
22 Feb 1727 First Saudi state of al-Diriyah (Nejd) unites Arabia
30 Apr 1803 - 23 Jan 1813 Hejaz annexed by Diriyah
1817 - 1819 Egyptian occupation of Nejd
1887 - 15 Jan 1902 Nejd conquered by Ha'il
15 Jan 1902 Emirate of Nejd restored
22 Aug 1921 Sultanate of Nejd
02 Nov 1921 Ha'il annexed
13 Oct 1924 Mecca occupied by Nejd
05 Dec 1925 Hejaz occupied by Nejd
08 Jan 1926 Hejaz annexed by Nejd
29 Jan 1927 Kingdom of Hejaz, Nejd and Its Dependencies
20 May 1927 Independence recognised by Great Britain
22 Sep 1932 - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Government: Absolute Monarchy.
Capital: Riyhadh.
Language: Arabic, English, Urdu.
Religion: Wahhabi Islam.
National Anthem: "Aash Al Maleek" (Long live our beloved King).
National Emblem: Palm Tree.
National Day: 22nd February, Founding Day (1727).
National Motto: There is no God but the God, and Muhammad is the messenger of God.
Curruncy: Saudi Riyal.
Kings
29 Jan 1927 - 09 Nov 1953 Saudi, Abdulaziz ibn Abdul Rahman ibn Faisal
ibn Turki ibn Abdullah ibn Muhammad ............ s.a
09 Nov 1953 - 02 Nov 1964 Saudi, Sa`ud bin Abdulaziz ...................... 1902-1969
02 Nov 1964 - 25 Mar 1975 Saudi, Faisal bin Abdulaziz ..................... 1906-1975
(regent for Sa`ud from 30 Mar 1964)
25 Mar 1975 - 13 Jun 1982 Saudi, Khalid ibn Abdulaziz ..................... 1913-1982
13 Jun 1982 - 01 Aug 2005 Saudi, Fahd ibn Abdulaziz ....................... 1923-2005
01 Aug 2005 - 23 Jan 2015 Saudi, Abdullah ibn Abdulaziz ................... 1924-2015
(regent for Fahd from 21 Feb 1996)
22 Nov 2010 - 23 Feb 2011 Prince Sultan bin Abdul Aziz .................... 1925-2011
Al Saud (regent for Abdullah)
23 Jan 2015 - Saudi, Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud ............. 1935-
21 Jun 2017 - Crown Prince Muhammed bin Salman
bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud ......................... 1985-
(de facto ruler)
Prime Ministers
22 Sep 1932 - 09 Oct 1953 Prince Faisal bin Abdulaziz al-Saud (1st Time) .. s.a
(Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
09 Oct 1953 - 16 Aug 1954 Sa'ud bin Abdulaziz al-Saud (1st Time) .......... s.a
16 Aug 1954 - 21 Dec 1960 Prince Faisal bin Abdulaziz al-Saud (2nd Time)
21 Dec 1960 - 31 Oct 1962 Sa'ud bin Abdulaziz al-Saud (2nd Time)
31 Oct 1962 - 25 Mar 1975 Faisal ibin Abdulaziz (3rd Time)
29 Mar 1975 - 13 Jun 1982 Khalid bin Abdulaziz al-Saud .................... s.a
13 Jun 1982 - 01 Aug 2005 Fahd bin Abdulaziz al-Saud ...................... s.a
01 Aug 2005 - 23 Jan 2015 Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al-Saud .................. s.a
23 Jan 2015 - 27 Sep 2022 Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud .................... s.a
27 Sep 2022 - Crown Prince Muhammed bin Salman
bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud ......................... s.a
Hejaz
c.74 Pre-Islamic tribal rule
621 AD
634 - 935 Within the Islamic Caliphate
935 - 1076 To Egypt
967 Emirate of Mecca
1076 - 1154 Seljuq protectorate
1154 - 1517 Egypian rule
1517 Part of the Ottoman Empire
1819 - 1840 Egyptian occupation
10 Jun 1916 Kingdom Hejaz
08 Jan 1926 Saudi conquest
22 Sep 1932 United with Najd as Saudi Arabia
Monarchs
c. 74 - 44 BC Jurhum I bin Djahla
967-980 Musabite, Abu Muhammed Djarfar ibn Muhammed
980-994 Musabite, Isa I
994-1010 Musabite, Abul-Futuh Hasan
(1st Time)
1010-1012 Musabite, Abul-Tayyib Da'ud
1012-1039 Musabite, Abul-Futuh Hasan
(2nd Time)
1039-1061 Musabite, Abu Abdullah Muhammed Shukr
1061-1063 Musabite, Muhammed ibn Abu Fatich
1063-1067 Musabite, Abu Kamil Ali Muhammed al-Kadi
1067-1069 Musabite, Hamza
1069-1094 Hashim, Abu Hashim Muhammed
1094-1123 Hashim, Abu-Futaita al-Qasim I
1123-1133 Hashim, Fulaita
1133-1154 Hashim, Hashim
1154-1161 Hashim, al-Qasim II
1161-1174 Hashim, Isa II
1174-1175 Hashim, Da'ud (1st Time)
1175-1176 Hashim, Mukaththir
(1st Time)
1176 Hashim, al-Qasim III
1176 Hashim, Da'ud (2nd Time)
1176-1194 Hashim, Mukaththir
(2nd Time)
1194-1201 Hashim, al-Mansur
1201-1220 Hashim, Abu Aziz Qatada
1220-1232 Hashim, Hasan I
1232-1240 Hashim, Rajih
(1st Time)
1240 Hashim, Shiha ibn al-Qasim
1240-1241 Hashim, Rajih
(2nd Time)
1241-1245 Hashim, Abu-Sa'ad al-Hasan ibn Ali
1245 Hashim, Abu Numai Muhammed I
(1st Time)
1245-1254 Hashim, Rajih
(3rd Time)
1254 Hashim, Ganim I
1254-1270 Hashim, Idris I
1270-1288 Hashim, Djammaz ibn Shiha
1288-1301 Hashim, Abu Numai Muhammed I
(2nd Time)
1301-1302 Hashim, Rumaitha I
Grand Sharifs of Mekkah
Aug 1455 - 1497 Malik ul-Adil Muhammad III ibn
Barakat
Sep 1497 - Sep 1525 Barakat II ibn Muhammad
Sep 1525 - Feb 1583 Muhammad Abu Nymay II Nazim
ud-din ibn Barakat
Feb 1583 - Dec 1601 Al-Hasan III ibn Muhammad Abu Numay
Dec 1601 - 1610 Idris II Abu 'Aun ibn Hasan
1610 - May 1628 Muhsin I ibn Hussein
May 1628 - 0ct 1629 Ahmad ibn Abu Talib al-Hasan
Oct 1629 - Nov 1630 Masud I ibn Idris
Nov 1630 - Sep 1631 Abdullah I ibn Hasan
Sep 1631 - Jul 1666 Zeid ibn Muhsin
Jul 1666 - Apr 1672 Saad ibn Zeid (1st Time)
1667 - 1668 Muhsin ibn Ahmad
(1st Time, co-ruler)
1669 - 1671 Ahmad ibn Zeid
(1st Time, co-ruler)
Jun - Nov 1671 Hamud ibn Abdullah ibn Hasan
Apr 1672 - Apr 1682 Barakat III ibn Muhammad
1682 Ibrahim ibn Muhammad
1682 - Dec 1683 Said I ibn Barakat
Jan 1684 - 04 Jan 1688 Ahmad ibn Zeid (2nd Time)
04 Jan 1688 - Apr 1690 Hashim, Ahmad ibn Ghalib
Apr 1690 - Oct 1691 Hashim, Muhsin II ibn Hussein (2nd Time)
Oct 1691 - 1694 Hashim, Said II ibn Saad (1st Time)
Aug - Dec 1694 Hashim, Abdullah II ibn Hashim
Dec 1694 - Mar 1702 Hashim, Saad ibn Zeid
Mar 1702 - Jul 1704 Hashim, Said II ib Saad (2nd Time)
Jul 1704 Hashim, Abdul Muhsin ibn Ahmad
Jul 1704 - Feb 1705 Hashim, Abdul Karim ibn Muhammed
(1st Time)
Mar - Nov 1705 Hashim, Said II ib Saad (2nd Time)
Nov 1705 - Dec 1711 Hashim, Abdul Karim ibn Muhammed
(1st Time)
Dec 1711 - Jan 1717 Hashim, Said II ib Saad (3rd Time)
Jan 1717 - Apr 1718 Hashim, Abdullah III ibn Saad (1st Time)
Apr - Nov 1718 Hashim, Ali ibn Said
Nov 1718 - May 1720 Hashim, Yahya I ibn Barakat
May 1720 - Sep 1722 Hashim, Mubarak ibn Ahmad (1st Time)
Sep 1722 - Oct 1723 Hashim, Barakat ibn Yahay
Oct 1723 - Mar 1724 Hashim, Mubarak ibn Ahmad (2nd Time)
Mar 1724 - May 1731 Hashim, Abdullah III ibn Saad
(1st Time)
May 1731 - Nov 1732 Hashim, Muhammed ibn Abdullah
(1st Time)
Nov 1732 - Jan 1733 Hashim, Masud I ibn Said (1st Time)
Jan 1733 - 1734 Hashim, Muhammed ibn Abdullah
(2nd Time)
1734 - 18 Feb 1752 Hashim, Masud I ibn Said (2nd Time)
18 Feb 1752 - 24 Aug 1759 Hashim, Masaad II ibn Said
(1st Time)
24 Aug 1759 - Jan 1760 Hashim, Jaafar ibn Said
Jan 1760 - 23 May 1770 Hashim, Masaad II ibn Said
(2nd Time)
23 May - 12 Jul 1770 Hashim, Ahmad ibn Said
12 Jul 1770 - 05 Feb 1773 Hashim, Abdullah IV ibn Hussein
05 Feb 1773 - 21 Jan 1788 Hashim, Surur bin Masaad
31 Jan 1788 - Mar 1803 Hashim, Ghalib bin Musaed
Jul 1803 - Aug 1827 Yahya II ibn Surur .............................. 17..-1838
Aug - Sep 1827 Hashim, Abdul Muttalib ibn Ghalib ............... 1790-1886
(1st Time)
Sep 1827 - Jul 1851 Hashim, Muhammed ibn Abdul Muin ................. 1767-1858
(1st Time)
Jul 1851 - 06 Jan 1856 Hashim, Abdul Muttalib ibn Ghalib
(2nd Time)
06 Jan 1856 - 28 Mar 1858 Hashim, Muhammed ibn Abdul Muin
(2nd Time)
01 May 1858 - 04 Jun 1877 Hashim, Abdullah Kamil ibn Muhammad ............. 1823-1877
04 Jun 1877 - 14 Mar 1880 Hashim, Hussain ibn Muhammad .................... 1838-1880
14 Mar 1880 - 31 Aug 1881 Hashim, Abdul Muttalib ibn Ghalib
(3rd Time)
31 Aug 1881 - 30 Aug 1882 Hashim, Abdullah Pasha ibn Muhammad ............. 1845-1908
(1st Time)
30 Aug 1882 - 17 Jul 1905 Hashim, Aun ar-Rafiq ibn Muhammad ............... 1841-1905
14 Oct 1905 - 26 Oct 1908 Hashim, Ali Pasha ibn Abdullah .................. 1859-1941
26 Oct - 29 Oct 1908 Hashim, Abdullah Pasha ibn Muhammad
(2nd Time, never reigned)
29 Oct 1908 - 10 Jun 1916 Hashim, Hussain ibn Ali al-Hashimi .............. 1856-1931
18 Jun 1916 - 21 Mar 1917 Ali Haidar Pasha ................................ 1866-1935
(Ottoman client, in opposition)
Kings
10 Jun 1916 - 03 Oct 1924 Hashim, Hussain ibn Ali al-Hashimi .............. s.a
03 Oct 1924 - 19 Dec 1925 Hashim, Ali ibn Hussein al-Hashimi .............. 1879-1955
08 Jan 1926 - 22 Sep 1932 Saudi, Abdalaziz ibn Abdul Rahman ............... s.a
Grand Vizier
10 Jun 1916 - 03 Oct 1924 Ali ibn Hussain al-Hashimi ...................... s.a