Cambodia

Kampuchea (Cambodia)

Kingdom of Funan

Kingdom of Chenla

802 - 1431                Khmer Empire

       1431               Kingdom of Cambodia

1431 - 1620               Vassal of Siam

1710 - 1720               Vassal of An Nam

1720 - 1834               Vassal of Siam

1834 - 1846               Vassal of Vietnam

       1846 - 11 Aug 1863 Under suzerainty of Siam and Vietnam

11 Aug 1863               French protectorate

17 Oct 1887               Part of French Indochina

28 Jul 1941 - 08 Oct 1945 Japanese occupation

18 Mar 1945               Independence proclaimed

08 Oct 1945 -        1946 British occupation

09 Nov 1953               Independence, Kingdom of Cambodia

20 Dec 1954               Independence recognised by France

09 Oct 1970               Khmer Republic

05 Jan 1976 - 07 Jan 1979 Democratic Kampuchea

                          (retains UN recognition to 20 Nov 1991)

21 Dec 1978 - 26 Sep 1989 Occupied by Vietnam

07 Jan 1979               People's Republic of Cambodia

                          (not recognised by the UN)

01 May 1989               State of Cambodia

15 Mar 1992 - 30 Jun 1993 Under U.N Transitional authority administration

24 Sep 1993 -             Kingdom of Cambodia (restored)


Monarchs

Soma

Kauditya I

Hun P'anhuang

P'an P'an

205-225 Fan Shih-Man

225     Fan Chi-Sheng

225-240 Fan Chan

240-287 Fan Hsun

245-287 Fan Chang

270-287 Fan Hsiung

357-370 Chandan I

434     Kaudinya II

434-435 Sresthavarman

484-514 Kaudinya Jayavarman

514-539 Rudravarman

600-611 Bhavavarman I

611-616 Mahendravarman

616-635 Isanavarman

635-657 Bhavavarman II

657-681 Jayavarman

681-700? Jayadevi

700-730 Nripatindravarman

730-750 Pushkakarman

750-770 Sambhuvarman

770-787 Rajendravarman

787-802 Mihipativarman

Emperors

802-850 Jayavarman II

850-877 Jayavarman III

877-889 Indravarman I

889-900 Yasovarman I

900-922 Harshavaman I

922-928 Isanavarman II

928-942 Jayavarman IV

942-944 Harshavarman II

944-968 Rajendravarman II

968-1001 Jayavarman V

1001-1002 Udayadityavarman I

1002      Jayaviravarman I

1002-1050 Suryavarman I

1050-1066 Udayadityavarman II

1066-1090 Harshavarman III

1090-1107 Jayavaman VI

1107-1113 Dharanindravarman I

1113-1150 Suryavarman II

1150-1160 Dharanidravarman II

1160-1166 Yasovarman II

1166-1177 Tribhuvanadityavarman I

1181-1219 Jayavarman VII

1219-1243 Indravarman II

1243-1295 Jayavarman VIII

1295-1308 Indravarman III

1308-1327 Indrajayavarman I

1327-1353 Jayavarman Paramesvara I

1362-1369 Nippean Bat I

1371-1377 Kalamegha I

1377-13.. Kambujadhitaja I

13..-1389 Dharamasokaraja I

1389-1404 Ponthea Yat I

1404-1427 Narayana Ramadhipati I

Kingdom of Cambodia

Kings

1427-1444 Sri Bodhya

1444-1486 Dharmara Jadhiraja I

1486-1512 Sri Sukontor I

1512-1516 Ney Kan I

1516-1566 Ang Chan I

1566-1576 Baron Reachea I

1576-1594 Chettha I

1594-1596 Reamea Chung Prey

1596-1599 Barom Reachea II

1599-1600 Barom Reachea III

1600-1603 Chau Ponhea Nhorm I

1603-1618 Barom Reachea IV

1618-1622 Chettha II

1628      Ponhea To

1628-1642 Outey I

1630-1642 Ponhea Nu

1640-1642 Ang Non

1642-1659 Chan

1659-1672 Barom Reachea V

1672-1673 Chettha III

1673-1674 Ang Chei

1674-1675 Ang Non

1675-1695 Chettha IV (1st Time)

1695-1699 Outey II

1699-1701 Ang Em (1st Time)

1701-1702 Chettha IV (2nd Time)

1702-1703 Thommo Reachea II

1703-1706 Chettha IV (3rd Time)

1706-1710 Thommo Reachea II (2nd Time)

1710-1722 Ang Em (2nd Time)

1722-1738 Satha II

1738-1747 Thommo Reachea II (3rd Time)

1747      Thommo Reachea III

1747-1749 Ang Tong (1st Time)

1749-1755 Chettha V

1755-1758 Ang Tong (2nd Time)

1758-1775 Outey II

1775-1796 Ang Nan II

       1806 -    Dec 1834 Ang Chan II

       1835 -        1841 Ang Mey

       1841 - 19 Oct 1860 Ang Duong

19 Oct 1860 - 25 Apr 1904 Norodom I .............................. 1834-1904

25 Apr 1904 - 09 Aug 1927 Sisovath I ............................. 1840-1927

09 Aug 1927 - 24 Apr 1941 Sisovath II Monivong ................... 1875-1941

24 Apr 1941 - 03 Mar 1955 Norodom II Sihanouk (1st Time) ......... 1922-2012

03 Mar 1955 - 03 Apr 1960 Norodom III Suramarit .................. 1896-1960

03 Apr      - 06 Apr 1960 Chuop Hell (1st Time) .................. 1909-1975

                          (Head of State, acting)

06 Apr      - 13 Jun 1960 Prince Sisowath Monireth ............... 1909-1975

13 Jun      - 20 Jun 1960 Chuop Hell (2nd Time)

                          (Head of State, acting)

20 Jun 1960 - 18 Mar 1970 Norodom II Sihanouk (2nd Time)

                          (Prince Head of State)

20 Jun 1960 - 18 Mar 1970 Queen Sisowath Monivong Kossamak

                           Nearireath ............................ 1904-1975

                          (Ceremonial Head of State)

18 Mar 1970 - 24 Sep 1993 Monarchy Abolished

24 Sep 1993 - 06 Oct 2004 Norodom II Sihanouk (3rd Time)

06 Oct 1993 - 04 Jan 1995 Samdech Chea Sim (1st Time) ............ 1932-2015

                          (acting Head of State)

10 Apr      - 20 Oct 2004 Samdech Chea Sim (2nd Time)

                          (acting Head of State)

14 Oct 2004 -             Norodom IV Sihamoni .................... 1953-



Prime Ministers

18 Mar      - 14 Aug 1945 Norodom II Sihanouk (1st Time) ......... s.a

14 Aug      - 16 Oct 1945 Son Ngoc Thanh ......................... 1908-1977

17 Oct 1945 - 15 Dec 1946 Prince Sisovath Monireth

15 Dec 1946 - 17 Jul 1947 Prince Sisovath Youtevong .............. 1913-1947

25 Jul 1947 - 20 Feb 1948 Prince Sisovath Watchatavong ........... 1891-1972

20 Feb      - 14 Aug 1948 Chhean Vam ............................. 1916-2000

14 Aug 1948 - 21 Jan 1949 Samdech Penn Nouth (1st Time) .......... 1906-1985

12 Feb      - 20 Sep 1949 Yem Sambaur (1st Time) ................. 1913-1989

20 Sep      - 30 Sep 1949 Ieu Koeus .............................. 1905-1950

01 Oct 1949 - 28 Apr 1950 Yem Sambaur (2nd Time)

30 May 1950 - 03 Mar 1951 Samdech Krom Luong Sisowath Monipong ... 1912-1956

03 Mar      - 12 Oct 1951 Oum Chheang Sun ........................ 1900-19..

13 Oct 1951 - 16 Jun 1952 Huy Kanthoul ........................... 1909-1991

24 Jan      - 22 Nov 1953 Samdech Penn Nouth (2nd Time)

23 Nov 1953 - 07 Apr 1954 Chan Nak ............................... 1892-1954

18 Apr 1954 - 26 Jan 1955 Samdech Penn Nouth (3rd Time)

26 Jan      - 03 Oct 1955 Leng Ngeth ............................. 1900-1975

03 Oct 1955 - 05 Jan 1956 Prince Norodom Sihanouk (2nd Time) ..... s.a

03 Apr      - 29 Jul 1956 Khim Tit ............................... 1896-1975

25 Oct 1956 - 09 Apr 1957 Sam Yun ................................ 1905-1974

26 Jul 1957 - 11 Jan 1958 Sim Var (1st Time) ..................... 1906-1989

11 Jan      - 17 Jan 1958 Ek Yi Oun .............................. 1910-2013

29 Apr      - 10 Jul 1958 Sim Var (2nd Time)

10 Jul 1958 - 19 Apr 1960 Prince Norodom Sihanouk (3rd Time)

19 Apr 1960 - 28 Jan 1961 Pho Proeung ............................ 1904-1975

28 Jan      - 17 Nov 1961 Samdech Penn Nouth (4th Time)

17 Nov 1961 - 13 Feb 1962 Prince Norodom Sihanouk (4th Time)

13 Feb      - 06 Aug 1962 Nhiek Tioulong ......................... 1908-1996

06 Aug      - 06 Oct 1962 Chau Sen Cocsel Chhum .................. 1905-2009

06 Oct 1962 - 25 Oct 1966 Prince Nordom Kantol ................... 1920-1976

25 Oct 1966 - 30 Apr 1967 Gen. Lon Nol (1st Time) ................ 1913-1985 Mil

01 May 1967 - 31 Jan 1968 Son Sann ............................... 1911-2000

31 Jan 1968 - 14 Aug 1969 Samdech Penn Nouth (5th Time)

14 Aug 1969 - 18 Mar 1970 Gen. Lon Nol (2nd Time)

01 Jul 1993 - 06 Jul 1997 Prince Norodom Ranariddh ............... 1944-

16 Jul 1997 - 30 Nov 1998 Ung Hout ............................... 1945-

01 Dec 1998 - 22 Aug 2023 Jun Samdech Hun Sen .................... s.a        KPK

                          (Second Prime Minister 21 Sep 1993 - 30 Nov 1998)

22 Aug 2023 -             Hun Manet .............................. 1977-      KPK

Khmer Republic

Heads of State

18 Mar 1970 - 10 Mar 1972 Cheng Heng ............................. 1916-1996

10 Mar 1972 - 12 Apr 1975 Gen. Lon Nol ........................... s.a       Mil

12 Apr      - 17 Apr 1975 Sak Suthsakan .......................... 1928-1994 Mil

                          (chairmen of the supreme committee)


Prime Ministers

18 Mar 1970 - 11 Mar 1972 Gen. Lon Nol ........................... s.a

11 Mar      - 18 Mar 1972 Prince Sisowath Silik Matak ............ 1914-1975

18 Mar      - 15 Oct 1972 Son Ngoc Thanh ......................... 1908-1977

15 Oct 1972 - 06 May 1973 Hang Thun Hak .......................... 1926-1975

06 May      - 09 Dec 1973 In Tam ................................. 1916-2006

26 Dec 1973 - 17 Apr 1975 Long Boret ............................. 1933-1975

Democratic Kampuchea

17 Apr 1975 - 07 Jan 1979 Democratic Kampuchea

21 Dec 1978               Invasion by Vietnam

07 Jan 1979               Khmer Rouge regime ousted from Phnom Penh by

                           Vietnamese forces

07 Jan 1979 - 1993        In exile in North-west Cambodia and Thailand

                          (retains UN recognition until 20 Nov 1991)

22 Jun 1982               Democratic Kampuchea coalition government formed in

                          exile in Kuala Lumpar, Malaysia

03 Feb 1990               National Government of Cambodia

02 Jul 1993               Dissolved

11 Jul 1994 - 22 Jun 1998 Khmer Rouge provisional government at Pailin


 

General Secretary of the Communist Party of Kampuchea

22 Feb 1963 - 06 Dec 1981 Pol Pot Solath Sar ..................... 1925-1998 CPK

                          (in internal exile from 07 Jan 1979)

 

Heads of State

17 Apr 1975 - 11 Apr 1976 Norodom Sihanouk (1st Time) ............ s.a

11 Apr 1976 - 22 Jun 1982 Khieu Samphan .......................... 1931-     CPK

                          (in rebellion from 07 Jan 1979)

22 Jun 1982 -    Jul 1991 Nordom Sihanouk (2nd Time)

                          (in Beijing, China exile)

   Jul 1991 - 02 Jul 1993 Son Sann ............................... s.a       BLDP

                          (in exile in Paris, France)

 

Prime Ministers

17 Apr 1975 - 04 Apr 1976 Samdech Penn Nouth ..................... 1906-1985

04 Apr      - 13 May 1976 Khieu Samphan (1st Time) ............... s.a

13 May 1976 - 07 Jan 1979 Pol Pot Solath Sar ..................... s.a

07 Jan 1979 - 22 Jun 1982 Khieu Samphan (2nd Time)

22 Jun 1982 - 02 Jul 1993 Son Sann ............................... s.a

11 Jul 1994 - 22 Jun 1998 Khieu Samphan (3rd Time)

 

CPK=Communist Party of Kampuchea (Khmer Rouge), banned 1979.


Note: When it ousted the government of Lon Nol in 1975, the Khmer Rouge

installed the former King Norodom Sihanouk and his former Prime Minister

Penn Nouth as heads of state and government before replaycing them with

a fully revolutionary Communist system. Despite its name, the Khmer Rouge

persued an extreme nationalist agenda culminating in a genocide of ethnic

minorities and those deemed class enemies. When the Khmer Rouge was ousted

by the Vietnamese in 1979, they continued to fight a guerrilla war against

the new Vietnamese installed government and renained U.N recognistion,

though not from the Soviet Union and its allies. After removing Pol Pot

the Khmer Rouge attempted to moderate its image and entered into an alliance

with other parties against the pro-Vietnamese government. A political solution

was negociated after the Vietnamese withdrawl and a new government receieved

recognician in 1991.

People's Republic of Cambodia

Secretaries-General of the Kampuchean Communist Party

10 Jan 1979 - 05 Dec 1981 Pen Sowan .............................. 1936-2016

05 Dec 1981 - 17 Oct 1991 Heng Samlin ............................ 1934-


Chairman of the Council of State

07 Jan 1979 - 06 Apr 1992 Heng Samlin ............................ s.a

 

Prime Ministers

27 Jun      - 05 Dec 1981 Pen Sovan .............................. s.a

05 Dec 1981 - 26 Dec 1984 Chan Sy ................................ 1932-1984

14 Jan 1985 - 06 Apr 1992 Jun Samdech Hun Sen .................... 1951-


Commanders of the Vietnamese Forces in Cambodia

1978 - 1979               Gen. Lê Trọng Tấn ...................... 1914-1986

1979 - 1989               Lê Đức Anh ............................. 1920-2019

Cambodia (UNTAC)

Head of the United Nations Transitional Authority

15 Jun 1992 - 26 Sep 1993 Yasushi Akashi ......................... 1931-    (Japan)


Supreme Head of State

20 Nov 1991 - 24 Sep 1993 Norodom II Sihanouk .................... s.a


Chairman of the Council of State

06 Apr 1992 - 14 Jun 1993 Chea Sim ............................... s.a