Türkiye
200-1178 BC Hittite Empire
1178-550 Fragmented in to states
550-335 Part of the Persian Empire
335-306 Part of Empire of Macedon
306-145 Part of the Seleucid Empire
145 BC-395 AD Part of Roman Empire
395-1071 Part of Byzantine Empire
1071-1078 Seljuk Empire
1078-1307 Sultanate of Rum
1230 Sögüt Beylik of the Oghuz Turks within the Seljuk Empire
27 Jul 1299 Independence from the Seljuk Empire
Dec 1396 Bulgaria conquered by Osmanli forces
1451 - 1920 Anatolia under Osmanli state
29 May 1453 With the fall of Constantinople, the Byzantine Empire (now only
consisting of Eastern Thrace) is abolished and succeeded by the
Devlet-i Aliyye-i Osmâniyye; known in English as the Ottoman Empire
and "Osman Empire" in other languages.
19 May 1919 - 24 Jul 1923 Turkish war of Independence
24 Apr 1920 - 29 Oct 1923 Ankara governemnt in opposition to the Ottoman empir
10 Aug 1920 By the Treaty of Sèrves, Lebanon and Syria ceded to France,
Cilicia occupied by France; Palestine, Iraq, and Jordan ceded to
Britain, Italy to occupy Antalya, Rhodes and the Dodecanese;
Eastern Thrace and Smyrna ceded to Greece; Hejaz and Armenia to be
independent; Kurdistan autonomous (never realised) and Zone of
Straites under Allied occupation
16 Mar 1921 Kars ceded to Turkey by Soviet Russia by Treaty of Moscow
01 Nov 1922 Turkish State
24 Jul 1923 By Treaty of Laussane, all lands ceded to Greece in 1920 are
restored, allied administration in the Antalaya, Cilicia
and Zone of the Straits ends, Kurdistan and Western Armenia
are returned to Turkish rule
29 Oct 1923 - Turkish Republic
03 Mar 1924 Caliphate abolished
23 Jul 1939 Hatay annexed from Syria
20 Jul 1974 - Occupation of Northern Cyprus
01 Jun 2022 Communication ot the U.N that Turkish short-form Türkiye is to
be used in all languages
Ancient Anatolia
Hittite Empire
2200-.... Pamba I
1700-.... Pithana
17..-.... Piyusti
17..-.... Anitta
17..-.... Pu-Sarruma
1680-1650 Labarna I
1650-1620 Labarna II
1620-1590 Mursili I
1590-1560 Hantili I
1560-1550 Zidanta I
1550-1530 Ammuna I
1530-1525 Huzziya I
1525-1500 Telepinu I
1500-1490 Alluwanna I
1490-1470 Tahurwaili I
1470-1460 Hantili II
1460-1450 Zidanta II
1450-1440 Huzziya II
1440-1430 Muwatalli I
1430-1400 Tudhaliya I
1400-1360 Arnuwanda I
1360-1340 Hattusili II
1340-1344 Tudhaliya II
1344 Tudhaliya III
1344-1322 Suppiluliuma
1322-1321 Arnuwanda II
1321-1295 Mursili II
1295-1272 Muwatalli II
1272-1267 Mursili III
1267-1237 Hattusili III
1237-1209 Tudhaliya IV
1209-1207 Arnuwanda III
1207-1178 Suppilulima II
Kingdom of Galatia
62-40 Deiotarus
62-44 Brogitarius
37-25 Amintas
Seljuq Sultanate of Rum
Sultans of Rum
1060-1177 Seljuq, Qutalmish I
1077-1086 Seljuq, Süleyman I ibn Qutulmishoglu
1086-1092 Seljuq, Ebu'l-Kasım
1092-1107 Seljuq, Kılıç Arslan I
1107-1116 Seljuq, Malikshah I
1116-1156 Seljuq, Rükneddin Mesut
1156-1192 Seljuq, Kılıç Arslan II
1192-1196 Seljuq, Ghiyath ad-Din Qaykhusraw bin Qilij Arslan (1st Time)
1196-1205 Seljuq, Rükneddin Süleyman II Shah
1204-1205 Seljuq, Izzeddin Kılıç Arslan III
1205-1210 Seljuq, Ghiyath ad-Din Qaykhusraw bin Qilij Arslan (2nd Time)
1210 - 07 Jan 1220 Seljuq, Izzeddin Qeyqavus I
07 Jan 1220 - 31 May 1237 Seljuq, Alaeddin Qeyqubad I
31 May 1237 - 1246 Seljuq, Gayaseddin Keyhüsrev II
1246-1257 Seljuq, Izzedin Qeyqavus II
1249-1257 Seljuq, Kılıç Arslan IV
1257-1259 Seljuq, Khosron II (2nd Time)
1259-1265 Seljuq, Kılıç Arslan IV
1265-1282 Seljuq, Gıyaseddin Qeyhüsrev III
1282-1284 Seljuq, Gıyaseddin Mesut II (1st Time)
1284 Seljuq, Alâeddin Qeykubad III (1st Time)
1293 Seljuq, Gıyaseddin Mesud II (2nd Time)
1293-1294 Seljuq, Alâeddin Qeykubad III (2nd Time)
1294-1301 Seljuq, Gıyaseddin Mesud II (3rd Time)
1301-1303 Seljuq, Alâeddin Qeykubad III (3rd Time)
1303-1307 Seljuq, Gıyaseddin Mesud II (4th Time)
1307 Seljuq, Masut III
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (Turkish Republic)
Government: Republic.
Capital: Ankara.
Language: Turkish, Kurdish, Armenian, Greek, Arabic, Georgian.
Ethnic Groups: Turks 70-75%*, Kurds 18%, others 7% including: Tatars, Azeris, Yoruks, Armenians and Greeks.
Religion: Sunni Islam, Christianity.
National Anthem: "Istiklal Marsi" (Independence March).
National Emblem: None.
National Day: Republic day, 29th October (1923).
National Motto: Yurtta Baris, Dünyada Baris (Peace at home, Peace in the world).
Currency: Turkish Lira.
Speaker of the Grand National Assembly
24 Apr 1920 - 29 Oct 1923 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk .................. 1881-1938 CHP
Presidents
29 Oct 1923 - 10 Nov 1938 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk .................. s.a
11 Nov 1938 - 22 May 1950 Mustafa Ismet Inönü .................... 1884-1973 CHP
22 May 1950 - 27 May 1960 Mahmut Celal Bayar ..................... 1883-1986
28 May 1960 - 28 May 1966 Cemal Gürsel ........................... 1895-1966 Mil
28 May 1966 - 06 Apr 1973 Cevdet Sunay ........................... 1900-1982
06 May 1973 - 06 Apr 1980 Fahri Sabri Korutürk ................... 1903-1987
06 Apr - 12 Sep 1980 Ihsan Sabri Çaglayangil ................ 1908-1993
12 Sep 1980 - 09 Nov 1989 Ahmet Kenan Evren ...................... 1917-2015 Mil
09 Nov 1989 - 17 Apr 1993 Halil Turgut Özal ...................... 1927-1993 AP
17 Apr - 16 May 1993 Hüsamettin Cindoruk .................... 1933- DYP
(acting)
16 May 1993 - 16 May 2000 Sami Süleyman Gündogdu Demirel ......... 1924-2015 DYP
16 May 2000 - 28 Aug 2007 Ahmet Necdet Sezer ..................... 1941-
28 Aug 2007 - 28 Aug 2014 Abdullah Gül ........................... 1950- AKP
28 Aug 2014 - Recep Tayyip Erdogan ................... 1954- AKP
Prime Ministers
24 Jan 1921 - 12 Jul 1922 Fevzi Cakmak Pasha ..................... 1876-1950 CHP
(in opposition)
12 Jul 1922 - 14 Aug 1923 Hüseyin Raud Bey ....................... 1881-1964 CHP
(in opposition to 01 Nov 1922)
14 Aug - 30 Oct 1923 Ali Fethi Okyar Bey (1st Time) ......... 1880-1943 CHP
30 Oct 1923 - 21 Nov 1924 Mustafa Ismet Pasha (1st Time)
21 Nov 1924 - 06 Mar 1925 Ali Fethi Okyar Bey (2nd Time)
06 Mar 1925 - 27 Sep 1937 Mustafa Ismet Pasha (2nd Time)
27 Sep 1937 - 25 Jan 1939 Mahmud Celal Bayar ..................... s.a
25 Jan 1939 - 08 Jul 1942 Refik Ibrahim Saydam ................... 1881-1942 CHP
08 Jul - 09 Jul 1942 Ahmet Fikri Tüzer ...................... 1878-1942 CHP
09 Jul 1942 - 07 Aug 1946 Mehmet Sükrü Saracoglu ................. 1887-1953 CHP
07 Aug 1946 - 09 Sep 1947 Mehmet Recep Peker ..................... 1888-1950 CHP
09 Sep 1947 - 16 Jan 1949 Hasan Saka ............................. 1886-1960 CHP
16 Jan 1949 - 22 May 1950 Mehmet Semsettin Günaltay .............. 1883-1961 CHP
22 May 1950 - 27 May 1960 Ali Adnan Ertekin Menderes ............. 1899-1961
28 May 1960 - 30 Oct 1961 Cemal Gürsel
30 Oct - 20 Nov 1961 Fahri Özdilek .......................... 1898-1989
20 Nov 1961 - 21 Feb 1965 Mustafa Ismet Pasha (3rd Time)
21 Feb - 27 Oct 1965 Ali Suat Hayri Ürgüplü ................. 1903-1981
27 Oct 1965 - 26 Mar 1971 Sami Süleyman Gündogdu Demirel (1st Time)
26 Mar 1971 - 17 Apr 1972 Ismail Nihat Erim ...................... 1912-1980
17 Apr 1972 - 15 Apr 1973 Ferit Sadi Melen ....................... 1906-1988
15 Apr 1973 - 25 Jan 1974 Mehmet Naim Talu ....................... 1919-1998
25 Jan - 17 Nov 1974 Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (1st Time) ....... 1925-2006 CHP
17 Nov 1974 - 31 Mar 1975 Mahmut Sadi Irmak ...................... 1904-1990
31 Mar 1975 - 21 Jun 1977 Sami Süleyman Gündogdu Demirel (2nd Time)
21 Jun - 11 Jul 1977 Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (2nd Time)
11 Jul 1977 - 05 Jan 1978 Sami Süleyman Gündogdu Demirel (3rd Time)
05 Jan 1978 - 12 Nov 1979 Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (3rd Time)
12 Nov 1979 - 12 Sep 1980 Sami Süleyman Gündogdu Demirel (4th Time)
20 Sep 1980 - 13 Dec 1983 Saim Bülent Ülüsü ...................... 1923-2015
13 Dec 1983 - 31 Oct 1989 Halil Turgut Özal ...................... s.a AP
01 Nov - 09 Nov 1989 Ali Hüsrev Bozer ....................... 1925-2020 AP
09 Nov 1989 - 23 Jun 1991 Yildirim Akbulut ....................... 1935-2021 AP
23 Jun - 20 Nov 1991 Ahmet Mesut Yilmaz (1st Time) .......... 1947-2020 AP
20 Nov 1991 - 25 Jun 1993 Sami Süleyman Gündogdu Demirel (5th Time)
16 May - 25 Jun 1993 Erdal Inönü ............................ 1926-2007
25 Jun 1993 - 06 Mar 1996 Tansu Penbe Çiller ..................... 1946- DYP
06 Mar - 28 Jun 1996 Ahmet Mesut Yilmaz (2nd Time)
28 Jun 1996 - 30 Jun 1997 Necmettin Erbakan ...................... 1926-2011
30 Jun 1997 - 11 Jan 1999 Ahmet Mesut Yilmaz (3rd Time)
11 Jan 1999 - 18 Nov 2002 Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (4th Time)
18 Nov 2002 - 14 Mar 2003 Abdullah Gül ........................... s.a AKP
14 Mar 2003 - 28 Aug 2014 Recep Tayyip Erdogan ................... s.a AKP
28 Aug 2014 - 24 May 2016 Ahmet Davutoglu ........................ 1959- AKP
24 May 2016 - 09 Jul 2018 Binali Yıldırım ........................ 1955- AKP
AKP=Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi (Justice and Development Party, Islamic Democracy, conservative)
AP=Anavatan Partisi (Motherland Party, Turkish Nationalist, former DYP)
CHP=Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican People's Party, Kemalism, social democratic)
MHP=Miliyetçi Hareket Partisi (National Movement Party, Turkish Nationalist, Far-right)
Mil=Military.
*Note: This includes Albanian, Slavic, Circassian, Tatar, Ossetian, Abkhazian,
Lak, Laz, Pomak, and Zaza Muslims expelled (or those who emigrated) from
the former Ottoman territories and the f Russian Empire.
Kurdistan
1514 Kurdish Principalities under Ottoman suzreignty
1870 Principalities abolished
10 Aug 1920 Kurdish state promised in the Treaty of Sèvres,
but never implemented
06 Mar 1921 - Kurdish-Turkish conflict
12 Jan 1987 - 30 Nov 2002 Olaganüstü Hâl Bölge Valiligi (O.H.A.L),
Governorship of the Region in State of Emergency
declared in seven Kurdish majority provinces
Emires of Baban
1649-1670 Faki Ahmad
1670-1703 Baba Sulaiman
1721-1731 Khana Mohammad Pasha
1731-1742 Khalid Pasha
1742-1754 Salim Pasha
1754-1765 Sulaiman Pasha I
1765-1775 Mohammad Pasha II
1775-1777 Abdollah Pasha I
1777-1780 Ahmad Pasha I
1780-1782 Mahmoud Pasha I
1782-1803 Ibrahim Pasha
1803-1813 Abdorrahman Pasha
1813-1834 Mahmoud Pasha II
1834-1838 Sulaiman Pasha II
1838-1847 Ahmad Pasha II
1847-1849 Abdollah Pasha II
Emires of Soran
Kelos
Isa
Shah Ali Bey
Pir Budak bin Shah Ali Bey
Mir Saifeddin
Mir Hussain
Mir Saidi bin Shah Ali Bey
Emir Saifeddin bin Mir Hussain bin Pir Budak
Kuli Bey bin Sulaiman Bey Mir Saidi
Budak Bey bin Kuli Bey bin Sulaiman Bey
Sulaiman Bey bin Kuli Bey bin Sulaiman Bey
Ali Bey bin Sulaiman Bey
Shkali Bey
17.. - 1816 Sulaiman Bey
1816 - 1825 Khanzad
1825 - 1836 Mohammed Pasha Mir Kor
President of the Republic of Ararat
28 Oct 1927 - 25 Jul 1931 Biroyê Heskê Teli ...................... 1931-
Military Leader
28 Oct 1927 - Sep 1930 Ihsan Nuri Pasha ....................... 1893-1976
Presidents of the Kurdistan Parliament (in Brussels, Belgium, exile)
26 Mar - 12 Apr 1995 Ismet Cheriff Vanly .................... 1934-
12 Apr 1995 - 26 Sep 1999 Yasha Kayar ............................ 1938-
President of the Kurdish National Congress (in London, UK, exile)
24 May 1999 - Dr. Jawad Mella ........................ 1946-
Turkish Govenors for the Region in State of Emergency
12 Jan 1987 - 02 Aug 1991 Hayri Kozakçıoglu ...................... 1938-2013
17 Aug 1991 - 29 Jan 1992 Mehmet Necati Çetinkaya ................ 1943-
21 Feb 1992 - 01 Nov 1995 Ünal Erkan ............................. 1942-
1996 - 1997 Necati Bilican ......................... 1941-
1997 - 20 Aug 1999 Aydın Arslan ........................... 1953-1999
20 Aug 1999 - 30 Nov 2002 Gökhan Aydıner ......................... 1941-
Antioch
637 AD Conquered by the Arab Rashidun Caliphate
969 Reconquest by the Byzantine Empire
1084 Antioch falls to the Seljuk Turks
20 Oct 1097 - 28 Jun 1098 Crusader-Byzantine Siege of Antioch
1098 Crusader Principality of Antioch
18 May 1268 Antioch conquered by Mamluk Egypt
1516 Concquered by the Ottoman Empire
09 Oct 1918 British occupation
27 Nov 1918 Creation of the Sanjak of Alexandretta
29 Oct 1921 Ceded to France by Turkey (Confirmed by Treaty of Lausanne in 1923)
28 Jun 1922 Within the State of Aleppo as part of
the Federation of Syrian States
01 Jan 1925 Part of the State of Syria
19 Nov 1931 Part of the Republic of Syria
27 Jan 1937 Autonomy within Syria
05 Jul 1938 Turkish forces enter Alexandretta
02 Sep 1938 Re-named State of Hatay
07 Sep 1938 Hatay declared separated from Syria
29 Jun 1939 State of Hatay dissolved and incorporated into Turkey
(not recognised by Syria)
Princes
1098 - 1111 Hautville, Boemondo I di Taranto (Bohémond I) =Bohemund I
1111 - 1130 Hautville, Boemondo II
1130 - 1163 Constance de Hautville
1163 - 1201 Ramnulfid, Boemondo III "il Bambe"
1201 - 1216 Ramnulfid, Boemondo IV "le Borgne" (1st Time)
1216 - 1219 Ramnulfid, Raymond-Roupen
1219 - 1233 Ramnulfid, Boemondo IV (2nd Time)
1233 - 17 Jan 1252 Ramnulfid, Boemondo V
17 Jan 1252 - 18 May 1268 Ramnulfid, Boemondo VI
- Titular Princes -
1268 - 1275 Ramnulfid, Boemondo VI
1275 - 19 Oct 1287 Ramnulfid, Boemondo VII di Tripoli
19 Oct 1287 - 1299 Ramnulfid, Lucia di Tripoli
1299 - 1300 Ramnulfid, Philippe
1300 - 1308 Lusignan, Margarette
1364 - 1375 Lusignan, Jean I
1432 - 1456 Lusignan, Jean II (John III of Cyprus and Armenia)
1456 - 1457 Aviz, Joao de Coimbra
French Administrator
27 Nov 1918 - 12 Sep 1921 Édouard Brémond ......................... 1868-1948
Delegates of the High Commissioner
1921 - 1923 ....
1923 - 17 Jul 1937 Pierre Marie André Durieux .............. 1884-1947
06 Sep 1937 - 03 Jun 1938 Roger Garreau ........................... 1891-1991
03 Jun 1938 - 29 Jun 1939 Philibert Collet ........................ 1896-1945
Governors
1936 - 1938 Husni al-Barazi ......................... 1893-1975
1938 Aladdin Bey
Head of State
02 Sep 1938 - 29 Jun 1939 Tayfur Sökmen ........................... 1892-1980
Prime Minister
04 Sep 1938 - 29 Jun 1939 Abdurrahman Melek ....................... 1896-1978
Cilicia
612 - 549 BC Ancient Greek kingdom of Cilicia (Kilikia)
Cilicia a province of the Roman Empire
1080 Lordship/Principality of Armenian Cilicia founded
by Armenians fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia
1199 Kingdom of Armenian Cilicia (Lesser Armenia)
1236 Tributary to the Mongol empire
1375 Lesser Armenia falls to the Mamluk Sultanate
1517 Part of the Ottoman Empire
1868 - 1922 Adana vilayet
06 Dec 1918 British occupation of Kilis
19 Dec 1918 French occupation, part of Occupied Enemy Territory
Administration (OETA) Nor
01 Feb 1919 French administration of Cilicia (Cilicie)
04 Aug 1920 Attempted independence of Cilicia suppressed
by French forces
10 Aug 1920 By Treaty of Sèvres Cilicia is to be ceded to the
French Mandate of Syria
20 Oct 1921 France agrees to evacuate Cilicia by Treaty of Ankara
05 Jan 1922 Turkish forces enter Adana
Roman Governors
96 BC Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
80 BC Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella
78 - 74 BC Publius Servilius Vatia Isaurica
74 BC Lucius Octavia
73 - 65 BC Lucius Lucullus Ponticus
67 - 66 BC Quintus Marcius Rex
65 - 62 BC Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus
57 - 56 BC Titus Ampius Balbus
56 - 53 BC Publius Cornelius Lentulus Spinther
53 - 51 BC Appius Claudius Pulcher
51 - 50 BC Marcus Tullius Cicero
50 BC Gaius Coelius Caldus
49 - 47 BC Publius Sestius
47 - 46 BC Quintus Phylippus
46 - 45 BC Quintus Cornificus
45 - 44 BC Lucius Volcatius Tullus
50 AD Cossutianus Capito
c.72 - 74 Publius Nonius Asprenas Caesius Cassianus
c.74 - 76 Septimius
c.76 - 78 L. Octavius Memor
c.88 - 90 Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus
c.91 - 94 Q. Gellius Longus
c.108 Marcus Titus Lustricus Bruttianus
c.110 - 113 Marcus Pompeius Macrinus
c.113 - 116 Titus Calestrius Tiro
c.116 - 118 Gaius Bruttius Praesens
c.118 - 120 Julius Castus/Gallus
c.119 - 138 Gaius Julius Plancius Varus Cornutus
c.130 - 133 Titus Vibius Varus
c.136 - 139 Publius Pactumenius Clemens
c.144 - 147 Aulus Claudius Charax
c.147 - 149 Gaius Etrilius Regillus Laberius Priscus
c.149 - 151 Publius Cassius Dexter
c.174 - 177 L. Saevinius Proculus
c.177 - 179 Claudius Silus Q. Plautius Haterianus
c.182 - 183 Marcus Claudius Cassius Apronianus
c.194 - 196 Q. Venidius Rufus Marius Maximus L. Calvinianus
c.198 - 200 Marcus Antonius Balbus
c.198 - 200 Antonius
c.202 Flavius Ulpianus
c.215 - 218 Flavius Julianus
c.215 Rutilianus
222 - 235 Ostorius
c.222 - 235 M. Domitius Valerianus
c.238 - 244 L. Servius
211 - 249 Caecilius Arellianus
c.2.. - 25. C. Mevius Donatus Junianus
253 - 268 A. Voconius Zeno
Lords
1080 - 1095 Roupen, Ruben I "Lord of the Mountains"
1095 - 23 Feb 1103 Roupen, Konstadin I (Constantine I)
23 Feb 1109 - 17 Feb 1129 Roupen, Toros I (Thoros I)
17 Feb 1129 - 1130 Roupen, Konstadin II (Constantine II)
1130 - 14 Feb 1140 Roupen, Levan I (Leon I)
14 Feb 1140 - 06 Feb 1169 Roupen, Toros II "The Great"
06 Feb 1169 - 1170 Roupen, Ruben II
1170 - 15 May 1175 Roupen, Mleh
15 May 1175 - 1199 Roupen, Levan II (Leon II)
Kings
06 Feb 1199 - 02 May 1219 Roupen, Levan I/II (Leon I)
02 May 1219 - 23 Jan 1252 Roupen, Zabel (Isobel)
1226 - 21 Oct 1270 Roupen, Hethoum I
21 Oct 1270 - 1289 Roupen, Levan /II/III (Leon II)
1289 - 1293 Roupen, Hethoum II (1st Time)
1293 - 23 Jul 1298 Roupen, Toros III
(co-ruler)
1294 - 1297 Roupen, Hethoum II (2nd Time)
1297 - 1299 Sempad
1299 Konstadin II (Constantine II)
1299 - 17 Nov 1307 Roupen, Hethoum II (3rd Time)
1301 - 17 Nov 1307 Roupen, Levan III/IV (Leon III)
(co-ruler)
17 Nov 1307 - 20 Jul 1320 Oshin
20 Jul 1320 - 1329 Oshin of Korikos
(regent)
20 Jul 1320 - 28 Aug 1341 Levan V
28 Aug 1341 - 17 Apr 1344 Lusignan, Konstadin III (Constantine III)
17 Apr 1344 - 21 Dec 1362 Lusignan, Konstadin IV (Constantine IV)
21 Dec 1362 - 1373 Lusignan, Konstadin V (Constantine V)
1373 - 1375 Lusignan, Levan V/VI (Leon V) ............. 1342-1393
French Commander of the 1st Division of the Levant and of the Territory of Cilicia
02 Dec 1918 - 20 Sep 1920 Julien Claude Marie Sosthène Dufieux ...... 1873-1959
Chief Administrator
01 Jan 1919 - 20 Sep 1920 Édouard Brémond ........................... 1868-1948
Trapezous (Trebizond)
1204 Empire Trebizond, split from the Crusader occupied
Byzantine Empire
14 Sep 1460 - 15 Aug 1461 Under Ottoman siege of Trebizond
15 Aug 1460 Conquered by the Ottoman Empre
1919 Proposed Republic of Pontus
1920 To be ceded to Armenia (not implemented)
1923 Part of Turkey
Emperors
1204 - 01 Feb 1222 Komninos, Alexios A (Alexius I)
01 Feb 1222 - 1235 Andronikos A Gidos
1235 - 1238 Ioannis A Axouchos (John I)
1238 - 1263 Manouil A (Manuel I)
1263 - 1266 Andronikos B (Andronicos II)
1266 - 1280 Yiorgos A Megali (George I Megas) "the Vagabond"
1280 - 16 Aug 1297 Ioannis B Megali (John II)
16 Aug 1297 - 03 May 1330 Alexios B (Alexius I)
03 May 1330 - 08 Jan 1332 Andronikos G (Andronicos III)
08 Jan - 23 Sep 1332 Manouil B (Manuel II)
23 Sep 1332 - 06 Apr 1340 Vasileos Megas (Basil)
06 Apr 1340 - 17 Jul 1341 Eirini Palaioloyina (Irene Palaeologina)
17 Jul 1341 - 04 Sep 1342 Anna Anachoutlou (Anne Anachoutlou)
04 Sep 1342 - 03 May 1344 Ioannis G Megas (John III)
03 May 1344 - 13 Dec 1349 Michail Megas (Michael)
13 Dec 1349 - 20 Mar 1390 Alexios G Megas (Alexius III)
20 Mar 1390 - 05 Mar 1417 Manouil G Megas (Manuel III)
05 Mar 1417 - 26 Apr 1429 Alexios D Megas (Alexius IV)
26 Apr 1429 - 1460 Ioannis D Megas (John IV)
Apr 1460 Alexious E (Alexius V)
Apr 1460 - 15 Aug 1461 David Megas (David)
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