Notes: The Republic of China (the government of mainland China 1911-1949) was a period where China did not fully recover from the destabilisation caused by the Hsin-hai (Xinhai) revolution. Under the Peiyang (Beiyang) government 1912-28 the previous imperial administrative divisions were reorganised into twenty-two Sheng (provinces), five T’i-fang (Difang), (areas), three Ch’u-fu (Qufu), (regions), two Fu (prefectures), six Tebi-e-ch’u (Tebiequ), (special administrative regions) and one Shangbu (commercial region). The majority of the provinces were de facto controlled by various warlord cliques. The regions,
prefectures and the commercial region were abolished before 1928.
In 1931 Japan invaded and occupied the four Northeast provinces which became the client-state of Manchukuo the following year. By 1941 Japan had created 20 provinces in Manchukuo. After the defeat of Japan in 1945 the former Manchukuo was divided into nine provinces. The re-incorporation of Taiwan into China brought the number of provinces to thirty-five. There were also twelve municipalities, two regions and one special region by 1949.
The Republic of China continued to claim the territory of Outer Mongolia which became an independent state in 1911 and over Tibet which maintained de facto independence from China until 1950. By 1955 the Republic of China had lost all mainland territory to the People’s Republic of China, controlling only Taiwan and a few costal islands off Fukien (Fujian) province. The government of the R.O.C (Taiwan) de facto abolished these provincial governments in 2018.
Translation Notes: Geographical names are given Chinese Postal Office Romanisation (abolished by P.R.C in 1964). Names are given in Wade-Giles with Pinyin (without tonal diacritics) in parentheses. Wade-Giles and Chinese Postal Office was the standard Romanisation translations for Chinese in Western sources before 1980. The P.R.C officially adopted Hanyu Pinyin to replace Wade-Giles in 1958. Wade-Giles continued to be used by the R.O.C (Taiwan) until 2008.
1931 - 1945 Part of Manchukuo
01 Dec 1934 Province of Andong created from parts of Liaoning and Jilin
01 Jul 1937 - 25 Aug 1945 Tunghua (Tonghua) province separated from Andong
1945 - 1947 Under Communist control
21 Apr 1949 Province abolished
29 Apr 1949 Recreated as Liaodong province
19 Jun 1954 Re-incorporated into Liaoning
First Secretaries of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party
11 Jan - Dec 1946 Chiang Hua (Jiang Hua) (1st Time) ................. 1907-1999
Dec 1946 - 05 Jul 1948 Liu Lan-po (Liu Lanbo) ............................ 1904-1982
05 Jul 1948 - 21 Apr 1949 Chiang Hua (2nd Time)
29 Apr 1949 - Mar 1950 Chang Wen-t'ian (Zhang Wentian) ................... 1900-1976
(Luo Fu)
Mar 1950 - Jun 1952 Chang Ch'i-lung (Zhang Qilong) .................... 1900-1987
Jun 1952 - 19 Jun 1954 Kao Yang (Gao Yang) ............................... 1909-1989
Governors (for Manchukuo)
01 Dec 1934 - 30 Jun 1937 Wang Tsi-tung (Wang Zidong)
01 Jul 1937 - 18 Aug 1939 Huang Fushun (Huang Fujun) ........................ 1890-19..
zi: Chun-ken (Junken)
18 Aug 1939 - 28 Sep 1942 Ting Chao (Ding Chao)
zi: Jiechen
28 Sep 1942 - 16 Aug 1945 Tzao Cheng-tzung (Cao Chenzong)
Chairmen of the Government
04 Sep 1945 - 18 Feb 1948 Kao Hsi-ping (Gao Xibing) ......................... 1895-1984
(Nationalist)
18 Feb 1948 - 21 Apr 1949 Tung Yen-p'ing (Dong Yanping) ..................... 1896-1976
(Communist)
29 Apr 1949 - 1950 Liu Lan-po (Liu Lanbo) ............................ s.a
1950 - 1952 Kao Yang (Gao Yang)
Aug 1952 - 19 Jun 1954 Li T'ao (Li Tao) .................................. 1905-1970
Governors of Tonghua
01 Jul 1937 - 16 Aug 1938 Lü I-Een (Lu Yiwen) ............................... 1897-1950
16 Aug 1938 - 18 Aug 1939 Ting Chao (Ding Chao) ............................. 1876-1954
18 Aug 1939 - 02 Jun 1941 Chang Shuhan (Zhang Shuhan) ....................... 1891-19..
zi: Hsiao-chai
02 Jun 1941 - 18 Sep 1943 Kiang Chuan-wo (Jiang Quanwo) ..................... 1883-1945
19 Sep 1943 - 20 Aug 1945 Yung Nai-shih (Yang Naishi)
31 Oct - 30 Nov 1911 Independence declared from the Qing Empire
17 Jul - 07 Aug 1913 "Independent" military government
29 May - 22 Jun 1917 "Independent" military government
1928 - 29 Apr 1949 Under Nationalist government
1938 - 17 Aug 1945 Partly occupied by Japan
29 Apr 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
08 Nov - 28 Nov 1911 Ch'u Ch'ia-pao (Zhu Jianbao) ...................... 1860-1928
28 Nov 1911 - 27 Apr 1912 Sun Yü-yü (Sun Yuyu) .............................. 1869-1924
27 Apr 1912 - 30 Jun 1913 Pai Wen-wei (Bai Wenwei) .......................... 1876-1947
01 Jul - 27 Jul 1913 Sun To-sen (Sun Duosen) ........................... 1867-1919
27 Jul 1913 - 10 Apr 1916 Ni Szu-ch'ung (Ni Sichong) (1st Time) ............. 1868-1924
10 Apr 1916 - 08 Jul 1917 Chang Hsün (Zhang Xun) ............................ 1854-1923
08 Jul 1917 - 16 Sep 1920 Ni Szu-ch'ung) (2nd Time)
16 Sep 1920 - 07 Oct 1922 Chang Wen-sheng (Zhang Wensheng) .................. 1884-1937
07 Oct 1922 - 28 Nov 1924 Ma Lien-chia (Ma Lianjia) ......................... 1864-1924
28 Nov 1924 - 24 Apr 1925 Wang I-t'ang (Wang Yitang) ........................ 1877-1948
24 Apr - 29 Aug 1925 Cheng Shih-ch'i (Zheng Shiqi) ..................... 1873-1935
29 Aug - 25 Nov 1925 Chiang Teng-hsüan (Jiang Dengxuan) ................ 1881-1925
25 Nov 1925 - 04 Mar 1927 Teng Ju-cho (Deng Ruzhuo) ......................... 1888-1944
01 Dec 1925 - 04 Mar 1927 Ch'en Tiao-yüan (Chen Diaoyuan) ................... 1886-1943
(in rebellion)
Governors
02 Jan - Apr 1912 Sun Yü-yü (Sun Yuyu)
Mar 1912 - Jun 1913 Pai Wen-wei (Bai Wenwei)
Jun - Jul 1913 Sun To-sen (Sun Duosen)
Jul 1913 - Jul 1914 Ni Szu-ch'ung (Ni Sichong)
15 Jul 1914 - 31 Jul 1915 Han Kuo-chün (Han Guojun) ......................... 1857-1942
31 Jul 1915 - 22 Apr 1916 Li Chao-chen (Li Zhaozhen) (1st Time) ............. 1846-1927
22 Apr 1916 - 08 Sep 1917 Ni Szu-ch'ung (2nd Time)
08 Sep 1917 - 21 Nov 1918 Huang Chia-chieh (Huang Jiajie) ................... 18..-1918
21 Nov 1918 - 11 Jan 1919 Kung Hsin-chan (Gong Xinzhan) ..................... 1869-1943
11 Jan - 31 Dec 1919 Lu Tiao-yüan (Lu Diaoyuan) (1st Time) ............. 1865-1932
11 Jan - Mar 1919 Li Wei-yüan (Li Weiyuan) .......................... 1868-1948
(acting)
01 Jan 1920 - 21 Aug 1921 Nieh Hsien-fan (Nie Xianfan) ...................... 1880-1933
21 Aug - 29 Sep 1921 Li Chao-chen (2nd Time)
29 Sep 1921 - 03 Feb 1923 Hsü Shih-ying (Xu Shiying) ........................ 1873-1964
03 Feb - 10 Feb 1923 Juan Chung-chi (Ruan Zhongzhi) .................... 1896-1936
(acting)
10 Feb - 11 Dec 1923 Lu Tiao-yüan (2nd Time)
11 Dec 1923 - 28 Nov 1924 Ma Lien-chen (Ma Lianjia) ......................... s.a
28 Nov 1924 - 18 Jun 1925 Wang I-tang (Wang Yitang) ......................... s.a
18 Jun - 28 Oct 1925 Wu Ping-hsiang (Wu Bingxiang) ..................... 1875-1930
23 Nov - 01 Dec 1925 Chiang Shao-chih (Jiang Shaojie) .................. 1877-1932
01 Dec 1925 - 16 Apr 1926 Wanf P'u (Wang Pu) ................................ 1890-1958
16 Apr - 24 Dec 1926 Kao Shih-tu (Gao Shidu) ........................... 1873-1954
24 Dec 1926 - 04 Mar 1927 Ho Ping-lin (He Binglin) .......................... 1877-19..
04 Mar - Oct 1927 Ho Ch'ian (He Jian)
Chairmen of the Government
27 Mar - Jul 1927 Ch'en Tiao-yüan (Chen Diaoyuan) (1st Time) ........ s.a
Jul - Oct 1927 Chiang Tso-pin (Jiang Zuobin) ..................... 1884-1942
Oct 1927 - May 1929 Ch'en Diaoyuan (2nd Time)
May - Oct 1929 Fang Chen-wu (Fang Zhenwu) ........................ 1885-1941
Oct 1929 - 27 Jan 1930 Shih Yu-san (Shi Yousan) .......................... 1891-1940
Jan - Jul 1930 Ma Fu-hsiang (Ma Fuxiang) ......................... 1884-1951
Jul 1930 - 05 Apr 1932 Ch'en Tiao-yüan (2nd Time)
05 Apr 1932 - 16 May 1933 Wu Chung-hsin (Wu Zhongxin) ....................... 1884-1959
16 May 1933 - 22 Apr 1937 Liu Chen-hua (Liu Zhenhua) ........................ 1883-1956
22 Apr - 20 Nov 1937 Liu Shang-ch'ing (Liu Shangqing) .................. 1868-1945
20 Nov 1937 - 26 Jan 1938 Chiang Tso-pin (Jiang Zuobin) ..................... 1884-1942
26 Jan - 29 Sep 1938 Li Tsung-jen (Li Zongren) ......................... 1890-1969
12 Jul 1938 - 18 Dec 1941 Ni Tao-lang (Ni Daolang) .......................... 1879-1952
(Appointed by Nanjing)
29 Sep 1938 - 02 Nov 1939 Liao Lei .......................................... 1890-1939
02 Nov 1939 - 26 Aug 1948 Li P'in-hsian (Li Pinxian) ........................ 1890-1987
18 Dec 1941 - 30 Dec 1943 Kao Kuan-wu (Gao Guanwu) .......................... 1892-1957
(appointed by Nanjing)
30 Dec 1943 - 20 Jan 1945 Luo Chün-ch'iang (Luo Junqiang) ................... 1902-1970
(Appointed by Nanjing)
20 Jan - 16 Aug 1945 Lin Po-sheng (Lin Bosheng) ........................ 1902-1946
(Appointed by Nanjing)
26 Aug 1948 - 24 Mar 1949 Hsia Wei (Xia Wei) ................................ 1893-1973
24 Mar - 29 Apr 1949 Chang I-fu (Zhang Yifu) ........................... 1895-1982
1644 - 1911 Part of Manchuria
1912 Chahar administrative region
1928 Chahar Province
Dec 1935 - Aug 1945 Japanese occupation
Apr 1946 Under Communist control
1948 Qahar province (Southern part incorporatedinto Hebei)
15 Nov 1952 Province abolished (incorporated into Inner Mongolia)
Governors
Oct - 22 Dec 1912 Ho Tsung-lien (He Zonglian) (1st Time) ............ 1864-1951
22 Dec 1912 - 22 Dec 1913 Tuan Chih-kuei (Duan Zhigui) ...................... 1869-1925
22 Dec 1913 - 26 Aug 1915 Ho Tsung-lien (2nd Time)
26 Aug 1915 - 30 May 1916 Chiang Ching-yao (Zhang Huaizhi) .................. 1860-1934
30 May - 06 Jun 1916 Ho Yüan-ch'un (He Yuanchun)
(acting)
06 Jun - 09 Jun 1916 Chao Ping-nan (Zhao Bingnan) ...................... 1899-1984
(acting)
09 Jun 1916 - 18 Oct 1917 T'ien Chung-yü (Tian Zhongyu) (1st Time) .......... 1869-1935
18 Oct 1917 - 29 Mar 1918 Chang Ching-yao (Zhang Jingyao) ................... 1881-1933
29 Mar 1918 - 26 Dec 1919 T'ien Chung-yü (2nd Time)
26 Dec 1919 - 21 Sep 1920 Wang T'ing-chen (Wang Tingzhen) ................... 1876-1940
21 Sep 1920 - 15 May 1922 (Chang Ching-hui (Zhang Jinghui) .................. 1871-1959
15 May - 29 May 1922 T'an Ch'ing-lin (Tan Qinglin) ..................... 1878-1949
(acting)
29 May 1922 - 18 Dec 1924 Chang Hsi-yü (Zhang Xiyuan) ....................... 1870-1941
18 Dec 1924 - 23 Mar 1926 Chang Chih-chiang (Zhang Zhijiang) ................ 1888-1966
26 Apr - 27 Aug 1926 Lu Chung-lin (Lu Zhonglin) ........................ 1884-1966
27 Aug 1926 - 15 Aug 1928 Kao Wei-yüeh (Gao Weiyue) ......................... 1875-1938
15 Aug - 20 Oct 1928 Chang Hui-chao (Zhang Huizhao) .................... 1886-1944
Chairmen of the Government
03 Jun - 27 Nov 1928 Chao Tai-wen (Zhao Daiwen) ........................ 1867-1943
27 Nov 1928 - 14 Jan 1931 Yang Ai-yüan (Yang Aiyuan) ........................ 1886-1959
14 Jan 1931 - 18 Aug 1932 Liu I-fei (Liu Yifei) ............................. 1893-1967
18 Aug 1932 - 19 Jun 1935 Sung Che-yüan (Song Zheyuan) ...................... 1885-1940
19 Jun - 06 Nov 1935 Ch'in Te-ch'un (Qin Dechun) ....................... 1893-1963
06 Nov - 12 Dec 1935 Hsiao Chen-ying (Xiao Zhenying) ................... 1890-1947
Nov 1935 - 26 Jun 1936 Chang Tzu-chung (Zhang Zizhong) ................... 1892-1940
(acting to 12 Dec 1935)
26 Jun 1936 - 14 Jan 1939 Liu Ju-ming (Liu Ruming) .......................... 1895-1975
Oct 1938 - Jan 1939 Chang Li-sheng (Zhang Lisheng) .................... 1901-1971
(acting for Liu)
14 Jan 1939 - 04 Dec 1940 Shih Yu-san (Shi Yousan) .......................... 1891-1940
20 Dec 1940 - 26 Aug 1941 Pi Tse-yü (Bi Zeyu) ............................... 1893-1968
(acting)
26 Aug 1941 - 15 Oct 1946 Feng Ch'in-tsai (Feng Qinzai) ..................... 1890-1963
Nov 1945 - Oct 1946 Chang Su (Zhang Su) (1st Time)
(Communist)
15 Oct 1946 - 12 Dec 1948 Fu Tso-i (Fu Zuoyi) ............................... 1893-1974
12 Dec 1948 - 1949 Sun Lan-feng (Sun Lanfeng) ........................ 1895-1987
(acting)
Dec 1948 - Jan 1952 Chang Su (Zhang Su) (2nd Time)
(Communist)
Jan - 15 Nov 1952 Yang Keng-t'ien (Yang Gengtian) ................... 1913-1952
(also First Secretary of the Communist Party for Qahar)
04 Nov - 30 Nov 1911 Provinsial declaration of independence from Qing Empire
12 Apr - 08 May 1916 "Independent" military government
May - 22 Jun 1917 "Independent" military government
1937 - 1945 Japanese occupation
03 May 1949 Under Communist Control
1949 - 1955 Nationalist control of Beichi, Tachen, Dong-chi,
P'i-shan, Nan-chi and Yushan islands
26 Feb 1955 Remaining islands taken by the P.R.C
Military Governors
04 Nov 1911 - 05 Jan 1912 T'ang Shou-ch'ien (Tang Shouqian) ................. 1856-1917
16 Jan - 23 Jul 1912 Chiang Tsun-kuei (Jiang Zungui) (1st Time) ........ 1882-1931
23 Jul 1912 - 11 Apr 1916 Chu Jui (Zhu Rui) ................................. 1882-1916
11 Apr - 05 May 1916 Ch'ü Ying-kuang (Qu Yingguang)..................... 1883-1973
05 May - 31 Dec 1916 Lu Kung-wang (Lu Gongwang) ........................ 1879-1954
01 Jan 1917 - 13 Aug 1919 Yang Shan-te (Yang Shande) ........................ 1873-1919
14 Aug 1919 - 07 Sep 1924 Lu Yung-hsiang (Lu Yongxiang) ..................... 1867-1933
20 Sep 1924 - 19 Dec 1926 Sun Ch'uan-fang (Sun Chuanfang) ................... 1885-1935
19 Dec - 29 Dec 1926 Chiang Tsun-kuei (2nd Time)
29 Dec 1926 - 17 Feb 1927 Meng Chao-yüeh (Meng Zhaoyue) ..................... 1887-1967
Governors
Nov 1911 Ch'en Chieh-shih (Chen Jieshi)
Nov 1911 - Feb 1912 Ch'u Fu-ch'eng (Chu Fucheng) ...................... 1873-1948
Feb – 12 Jul 1912 Tsu Che-ch'en (Zhu Zhechen)
12 Jul - 23 Jul 1912 Chiang Tsun-kuei (Jiang Zungui)
23 Jul 1912 - 10 Sep 1913 Chu Jui (Zhu Rui)
10 Sep 1913 - 06 Jul 1916 Ch'ü Ying-kuang (Qu Yingguang)
06 Jul - 31 Dec 1916 Lu Kung-wang (Lu Gongwang)
01 Jan 1917 - 24 Jun 1920 Ch'i Yao-shun (Qi Yaoshan) ........................ 1879-1946
24 Jun 1920 - 28 Oct 1922 Shen Chin-chien (Shen Jinjian) .................... 1875-1924
28 Oct 1922 - 22 Sep 1924 Chang Tsai-ying (Zhang Zaiyang) (1st Time) ........ 1874-1945
22 Sep 1924 - 20 Oct 1926 Hsia Chao (Xia Chao) .............................. 1882-1926
20 Oct - 29 Oct 1926 Chang Tsai-ying (2nd Time)
(acting)
29 Oct 1926 - 17 Feb 1927 Ch'en I (Chen Yi) ................................. 1883-1950
Mar - 27 Aug 1927 Chang Jen-chieh (Zhang Renjie) .................... 1877-1950
Chairmen of the government
Mar – Aug 1927 Chang Ching-chiang (Zhang Jingjiang) (1st Time)
Aug - 05 Oct 1927 Chou Feng-ch'i (Zhou Fengqi) ...................... 1879-1938
15 Oct 1927 - 14 May 1928 Ho Ying-ch'in (He Yingqin) ........................ 1889-1987
14 May - 07 Nov 1928 Chiang Po-cheng (Jiang Bocheng) ................... 1888-1952
11 Nov 1928 – 03 Dec 1930 Chang Ching-chiang (2nd Time)
04 Dec 1930 - 15 Dec 1931 Chang Nan-hsien (Zhang Nanxian) ................... 1874-1968
15 Dec 1931 - 12 Dec 1934 Lu Ti-p'ing (Lu Diping) ........................... 1887-1935
12 Dec 1934 - 02 Dec 1935 Huang Shao-hung (Huang Shaohong) (1st Time) ....... 1895-1966
02 Dec 1935 - 06 Sep 1936 Pai Ch'ung-hsi (Bai Chongxi) ...................... 1893-1966
06 Sep 1936 - 26 Nov 1937 Chu Chia-hua (Zhu Jiahua) ......................... 1893-1963
26 Nov 1937 - 26 Mar 1946 Huang Shao-hung (2nd time)
17 May 1938 - 24 Jan 1941 Wang Jui-k'ai (Wang Ruikai) ....................... 1875-1941
(appointed by Nanjing)
28 Jan - 06 Apr 1941 Shen Erh-ch'iao (Shen Erqiao) ..................... 1896-19..
06 Apr - 19 Aug 1941 Mei Szu-p'ing (Mei Siping) ........................ 1896-1946
(appointed by Nanjing)
19 Aug 1941 - 11 Nov 1944 Su Shih-chou (Fu Shiyue) .......................... 1891-1947
(appointed by Nanjing)
11 Nov 1944 - 03 May 1945 Hsieng Chih-chuang (Xiang Zhizhuang) .............. 1894-1946
(appointed by Nanjing)
03 May - 16 Aug 1945 T'ing Mo-ts'un (Ding Mocun) ....................... 1901-1947
(appointed by Nanjing)
26 Mar 1946 - 22 Jun 1948 Shen Hung-lieh (Shen Honglie) ..................... 1880-1969
22 Jun 1948 - 21 Feb 1949 Ch'en-I (Chen Yi) ................................. s.a
21 Feb – 06 Dec 1949 Chou Yen (Zhou Yan) ............................... 1895-1953
07 Dec 1949 - 13 May 1950 Shih Chüeh (Shi Jue) .............................. 1908-1986
1950 - 1952 Shen Yüeh (Shen Yue) .............................. 1913-1994
19 Oct 1952 - 26 Feb 1955 Hu Tsung-nan (Hu Zongan) .......................... 1896-1962
1931 - 1945 Part of Manchukuo
01 Dec 1934 Chientao province established from part of Kirin
01 Jun 1939 Dongan province created from part of Kirin
01 Oct 1943 - 31 May 1945 Part of East Manchuria (Tongman) province (with Andong and
Chientao)
01 Jun 1945 Tongman abolished, Dongan and Chientao provinces restored
May 1947 Under Communist
1949 Re-incorporated into Jilin
Governors
01 Jun 1939 - 30 Nov 1940 Tatsuo Mikageike
01 Dec 1940 - 15 Jan 1942 Yohei Kibe
15 Jan 1942 - 30 Sep 1943 Yuzaburo Hata ..................................... 1890-1970
01 Oct 1943 - 31 May 1945 Kiyoshi Mitani
(Governor of Tongman)
01 Jun - 17 Aug 1945 Isoko ....
Chairmen of the Government
04 Sep 1945 - 18 Feb 1948 Kao Hsi-ping (Gao Xibing) ......................... 1894-1984
18 Feb 1948 - 1949 Tung Yen-p'ing (Dong Yanping) ..................... 1896-1976
Governors for Chientao (Jiandao)
01 Dec 1934 - 16 Jun 1936 Tsai Yun-sheng (Cai Yungshen) ...................... 1879-1959
zi: Pin-shan
16 Jun 1936 - 01 Nov 1937 Shoji Kanai ........................................ 1886-1967
01 Nov 1937 - 16 May 1940 Ch'ing-yüan Fan-I (Qingyuan Fanyi)
16 May 1940 - 08 Aug 1942 Shoichi Kamikichi .................................. 1897-19..
08 Aug 1942 - 30 Sep 1943 Kibe Yuhei
01 Jun - 17 Aug 1945 Kurenai Zenzo
26 Nov 1911 Provincial declaration of independence from Qing Empire
May - 22 Jun 1917 Provincial declaration of independence
1918 - 29 Dec 1928 Autonomous under warlord control
28 Jan 1929 Re-named Liaoning
18 Sep 1931 - 17 Aug 1945 Occupied by Japan
18 Feb 1932 - 17 Aug 1945 Part of Manchukwo
17 Aug 1945 - 03 May 1946 Occupied by the Soviet Union
1946 - 19 Jun 1954 Part of the Northeast
Oct 1948 Under Communist control
Military Governors
26 Nov - 30 Nov 1911 Lan T'ien-wei (Lan Tianwei) ....................... 1878-1922
30 Nov 1911 - 15 Mar 1912 Chang Jong (Zhang Rong) ........................... 1884-1912
15 Mar - 03 Nov 1912 Chao Erh-hsün (Zhao Erxun) ........................ 1844-1927
03 Nov 1912 – 22 Aug 1915 Chang Tso-lin (Zhang Xiluan) ...................... 1843-1922
22 Aug 1915 – 23 Apr 1916 Tuan Chih-kuei (Duan Zhigui) ...................... 1869-1925
23 Apr 1916 – 03 Jun 1928 Chang Tso-lin (Zhang Zuolin) ...................... 1873-1928
04 Jun - 29 Dec 1928 Chang Hsüeh-liang (Zhang Xueliang) ................ 1901-2001
18 Sep 1931 - 09 Mar 1932 Baron Shigeru Honjo ............................... 1876-1945
(Japanese military governor)
Civil Governors
26 Nov 1911 – 15 Mar 1912 Wu Junglian (Wu Jinglian) ......................... 1873-1944
15 Mar - 03 Nov 1912 Chao Erh-hsün (Zhao Erxun)
03 Nov 1912 – 13 Oct 1913 Chang Hsi-luan (Zhang Xiluan) (1st Time)
13 Oct 1913 – 09 Jan 1914 Hsü Shih-ying (Xu Shiying) ........................ 1873-1964
09 Jan - 27 Sep 1914 Chang Hsi-luan (2nd Time)
27 Sep 1914 – 18 Sep 1915 Chang Yüan-ch'i (Zhang Yuanqi) .................... 1860-1922
18 Sep 1915 – 23 Apr 1916 Tuan Chih-kuei (Duan Zhigui)
(acting)
23 Apr 1916 – 18 Jun 1922 Chang Tso-lin (Zhang Zuolin)
18 Jun 1922 – 07 Apr 1926 Wang Yang-chiang (Wang Yongjiang) ................. 1872-1927
07 Apr 1926 – 03 Oct 1927 Mo Te-hui (Mo Dehui) .............................. 1881-1968
03 Oct 1927 – 23 Jul 1928 Liu Shang-ch'ing (Liu Shangqing) .................. 1874-1957
23 Jul - 29 Dec 1928 Chang Hsüeh-liang (Zhang Xueliang ................. s.a
Chairmen of the Government (1931-45 in opposition to the Japanese
and 1945-46 Soviet occupation)
31 Dec 1928 – 20 Dec 1929 Chai Wen-hsüan (Zhai Wenxuan) ..................... 1878-1950
13 Jan 1930 - Mar 1932 Tsang Shih-i (Zang Shiyi) ......................... 1885-1956
(continues as Japanese appointed governor to 1934)
Mar 1932 – 1935 Yüan Chin-k'ai (Yuan Jinkai) ...................... 1870-1947
Jul 1937 - Aug 1945 Wan Fu-lin (Wan Fulin) ............................ 1880-1951
04 Sep 1945 - 18 Feb 1948 Hsü Chen (Xu Zhen) ................................ 1916-1970
18 Feb - Oct 1948 Wang T'ieh-han (Wang Tiehan) ...................... 1905-1995
1687 - 1911 Fukien subordinated to the Viceroyalty of Min-zhe
09 Nov - 30 Nov 1911 Independence declared from the Qing Empire
19 Jul - 09 Jul 1913 Independent military government
May - 22 Jun 1917 Independent military government
21 Nov 1933 - 21 Jan 1934 Under Chinese Soviet Republic control
Jun 1938 - 1945 Japanese occupation
17 Aug 1949 Under Communist control
25 Oct 1949 Islands of Kinmen and Matsu remain
under Republic of China (Taiwan)
01 Jan 2019 Provincial governemnt dissolved
Military governors
09 Nov 1911 - 05 Dec 1913 Sun Tao-jen (Sun Daoren) .......................... 1867-1935
05 Dec 1913 - 18 Jul 1914 Liu Kuan-hsiung (Liu Guanxiong) ................... 1861-1927
18 Jul 1914 - 12 Jan 1923 Li Hou-chi (Li Houji) ............................. 1869-1942
17 Jan - 20 Mar 1923 Wang Yung-ch'üan (Wang Yongquan) .................. 1886-1942
20 Mar 1923 - 13 May 1924 Sun Ch'uan-fang (Sun Chuanfang) ................... 1885-1935
13 May 1924 - 05 Dec 1926 Chou Yin-jen (Zhou Yinren) ........................ 1885-1956
Governors
09 Nov 1911 - Sep 1912 P'eng Shou-sung (Peng Shousong) ................... 1886-1918
Sep - Nov 1912 Liu Tz'u-yüan (Liu Ciyuan) (1st Time)
16 Nov 1912 - 20 Nov 1913 Chang Yüan-ch'i (Zhang Yuanqi) .................... 1860-1922
20 Nov 1913 - 03 May 1914 Wang Sheng-ling (Wang Shengling) .................. 1866-1934
03 May 1914 - 06 May 1916 Hsü Shih-ying (Xu Shiying) ........................ 1873-1964
17 Apr 1916 - 15 Oct 1922 Li Hou-chi (Li Houji) ............................. s.a
15 Oct - 08 Nov 1922 Sa Chen-ping (Sa Zhenbing) (1st Time) ............. 1859-1952
08 Nov - 30 Nov 1922 Wang Yung-ch'üan (Wang Yongquan) .................. s.a
30 Nov 1922 - 01 Mar 1923 Lin Sen ........................................... 1867-1943
01 Mar 1923 - 04 Dec 1926 Sa Chen-ping (2nd Time)
04 Dec 1926 - 03 Jul 1927 Fang Sheng-t'ao (Fang Shengtao) ................... 1885-1934
Chairmen of the Government
03 Jul 1927 - 12 Jul 1932 Yang Shu-chuang (Yang Shuzhuang) .................. 1882-1934
05 Feb 1929 - 06 Jan 1930 Chen Nai-yüan (Chen Naiyuan)
(acting)
06 Jan 1930 - 07 Dec 1932 Fang Sheng-t'ao (Fang Shengtao)
(acting)
07 Dec 1932 - 20 Dec 1933 Chiang Kuang-nai (Jiang Guangnai) ................. 1888-1967
21 Nov 1933 - 21 Jan 1934 Ts'ai T'ing-k'ai (Cai Tingkai) .................... 1892-1968
(Chinese Soviet governor)
12 Jan 1934 - 28 Aug 1941 Ch'en I (Chen Yi) ................................. 1883-1950
28 Aug 1941 - 16 Sep 1948 Liu Chien-hsü (Liu Jianxu) ........................ 1892-1978
16 Sep 1948 - 20 Jan 1949 Li Han-hun (Li Hanhun) ............................ 1906-1967
20 Jan - 04 Oct 1949 Chu Shao-ling (Zhu Shaoliang) ..................... 1891-1963
18 Aug - 30 Sep 1949 Fang Chih (Fang Zhi) .............................. 1895-1989
(acting)
30 Sep - 04 Dec 1949 Huang Chin-t'ao (Huang Jintao) .................... 1888-1957
(acting)
04 Dec 1949 - 31 Jan 1955 Hu Lien (Hu Lian) ................................. 1907-1977
01 Feb 1955 - 21 May 1986 Tai Chung-yu (Dai Zhongyu) ........................ 1910-1986
20 Jun 1986 - 09 Feb 1998 Wu Chin-tzan (Wu Jinzan) .......................... 1935-2012
10 Feb 1998 - 21 May 2007 Yen Chung-chen (Yan Zhongcheng) ................... 1938-
21 May - 28 Nov 2007 Yang Cheng-hsi (Yang Chengxi) ..................... 1945-
(acting)
28 Nov 2007 - 20 May 2008 Chen Chin-jun (Chen Jingjun) ...................... 1956-
20 May 2008 - 10 Sep 2009 Hsueh Hsiang-chuan (Xue Xiangchuan) ............... 1944-
10 Sep 2009 - 18 Feb 2013 Cherng-tay Hsueh (Xu Chengtai) .................... 1956-
18 Feb - 01 Aug 2013 Chen Shyh-kwei (Chen Shikui) ...................... 1952-
01 Aug - 30 Sep 2013 Luo Ying-Hsueh (Luo Yingwue) ...................... 1951-
01 Oct 2013 - 08 Dec 2014 Schive "Steve" Chi (Xue Qi) ....................... 1947-
08 Dec 2014 - 31 Jan 2016 Duh Tzi-chiun (Du Zijun) .......................... 1959-
31 Jan - 20 May 2016 Lin Chu-chia (Lin Zujian) ......................... 1956-
20 May 2016 - 31 Dec 2018 Chang Ching-sen (Zhang Jingsen) ................... 1959-
1911 Heilongjiang (Amur) province created from Manchuria
09 Mar 1932 - 15 Aug 1945 Part of Japanese occupied Manchukuo (Manchuria)
01 Dec 1934 Divided into Heihi, Lungkiang and Sankiang (not recognised)
09 Aug 1945 - 03 May 1946 Occupied by the U.S.S.R
24 Apr 1946 Under communist control
Military Governors
Oct 1911 - 16 Jul 1913 Sung Hsiao-lien (Song Xiaolian) .................. 1860-1926
16 Jul - 30 Oct 1913 Pi Kuei-fang (Bi Guifang) (1st Time) ............. 1865-1934
30 Oct 1913 - 03 May 1916 Chu Ch'ing-lan (Zhu Qinglan) ..................... 1874-1941
03 May - 31 Jul 1916 Pi Kuei-fang (2nd Time)
31 Jul - 11 Aug 1916 Chang Kuo-kan (Zhang Guogan) ..................... 1876-1959
11 Aug 1916 - 16 Jun 1917 Pi Kuei-fang (3rd Time)
16 Jun - 26 Jul 1917 Hsü Lan-chou (Xu Lanzhou) ........................ 1872-1951
26 Jul 1917 - 6 Jul 1919 Pao Kuei-ch'ing (Bao Guiqing) .................... 1867-1934
06 Jul 1919 - 12 Mar 1921 Sun Lieh-ch'en (Sun Liechen) ..................... 1873-1924
12 Mar 1921 - 03 Jun 1928 Wu Chün-sheng (Wu Junsheng) ...................... 1863-1928
05 Jun - 20 Jun 1928 Wu T'ai-ch'in (Wu Taiqin)
20 Jun - 29 Dec 1928 Wan Fu-lin (Wan Fulin) ........................... 1880-1951
Governors
Nov 1911 - Feb 1912 Chuo Shumo (Zhou Shumo)
Feb - Aug 1912 Sung Hsiao-lien (Song Xiaolian) (1st Time)
29 Aug - 24 Dec 1912 Ch'iu T'ung-yü (Qiu Tongyu) ...................... 1849-19..
24 Dec 1912 - 10 Jan 1913 Hsü Nai-lin (Xu Nailin) .......................... 1867-1940
10 Jan - 17 Jul 1913 Sung Hsiao-lien (2nd Time)
17 Jul - 30 Oct 1913 Pi Kuei-fang (Bi Guifang) (1st Time)
30 Oct 1913 - 03 May 1916 Ch'u Ch'ing-lan (Zhu Qinglan)
03 May 1916 - 31 Jul 1916 Pi Kuei-fang (2nd Time)
31 Jul - 11 Aug 1916 Chang Kuo-kan (Zhang Guogan)
11 Aug 1916 - 26 Jul 1917 Pi Kuei-fang (3rd Time)
26 Jul 1917 - 06 Jul 1919 Pao Kuei-ch'ing (Bao Guiqing)
Jul - Aug 1919 Wang Shu-han (Wang Shuhan) ....................... 1880-1955
11 Aug 1919 - 12 Mar 1921 Sun Lieh-ch'en (Sun Liechen)
12 Mar 1921 - 03 Jun 1928 Wu Junsheng (Wu Ch'un-sheng)
03 Jun - 23 Jul 1928 Yü Szu-hsing (Yu Sixing) ......................... 1878-1928
(acting)
23 Jul 1928 - 10 Jan 1929 Ch'ang Yin-huai (Zhang Xueliang) ................. 1889-1929
Chairmen of the Government
09 Feb 1929 - 17 Nov 1931 Wan Fu-lin (Wan Fulin)
17 Nov 1931 - 05 Dec 1932 Man Chan-shan (Ma Zhanshan) (1st Time) ........... 1885-1950
(for Japan from Jan - 07 Apr 1932)
18 Apr - 31 Aug 1932 Cheng Chih-yüan (Cheng Zhiyuan)
(for Manchukuo)
01 Sep 1932 - Jun 1933 Han Yün-chieh (Han Yunjie) ....................... 1894-1982
(for Manchukuo)
Jun 1933 - 30 Nov 1934 Sun Ch'i-ch'ang (Sun Qichang) .................... 1885-1954
(for Manchukuo)
03 May 1940 - Aug 1945 Man Chan-shan (Ma Zhanshan) (2nd Time)
04 Sep 1945 - Nov 1948 Han Chün-chieh (Han Junjie) ...................... 1894-1976
(in exile from 28 Apr 1946)
Nov 1945 - Apr 1946 Ch'en Ta-fen (Chen Dafan) ........................ 1905-1993
Manchukuo Governors for Heihi
01 Dec 1934 - 30 Jun 1937 Chung Yü (Zhong Yu)
01 Jul 1937 - 16 Aug 1938 Hsü Kui-heng (Xu Guiheng)
16 Aug 1938 - 01 Jan 1939 Wang Tsih-heng (Wang Ziheng) ..................... 1896-196.
01 Jan 1939 - 01 Oct 1940 Yoji Hamada
01 Oct 1940 - 15 Jan 1942 Keiichi Miura
15 Jan 1942 - 12 Mar 1945 Yoshio Nagano
12 Mar - 09 Aug 1945 Yanosuke Murai
Manchukuo Governors for Bei'an
01 Jan - 06 Nov 1939 Feng Kuang-min (Feng Guangmin)
06 Nov 1939 - 11 Oct 1941 Chüh Yong-peng (Ju Yongpeng)
11 Oct 1941 - 16 Dec 1944 Li Shu-ping (Li Shubing)
16 Dec 1944 - 09 Aug 1945 Ojotaku ....
01 Dec 1934 - 17 Aug 1945 Sankiang (Sanjiang) province created from part of Heilungkiang
07 Nov 1945 Reconstituted as Hokiang (Hejiang)
1946 Under Communist control
21 Apr 1949 Part of Sunkiang
First Secretaries of the Provincial Executive Committee
May 1946 - 1949 Chang Wen-t'ien (Chang Wentian) .................. 1900-1976
Governors of Sankiang (for Manchukuo)
01 Dec 1934 - 30 Jun 1937 Chin Ming-shih (Jin Mingshi) ..................... 1886-1964
01 Jul 1937 - Apr 1939 Yü Chenchang (Yu Jenzhang) ....................... 1887-1944
zi: Hsian-chou (Xianzhou)
Apr 1939 - Sep 1942 Lü Yüan-shan (Lu Yuanshan) ....................... 1888-1959
Sep 1942 - May 1945 Sun Pai-feng (Sun Baifeng) ....................... 1891-1946
May - Aug 1945 Lü Chih-kan (Lu Zhigan) .......................... 1898-1946
Chairmen of the Government
04 Sep 1945 Wu Han-t'ao (Wu Hantao) .......................... 1894-1988
(Did not take office)
04 Sep 1945 - 1946 Wu Chen (Wu Zhen)
1946 - 1949 Chang Wen-tien (Zhang Wentian) ................... s.a
1649 - 1912 Part of Zhili
1940 - 1945 Under Nanjing government control
1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
15 Mar - 23 Mar 1912 Ch'i Yao-lin (Qi Yaolin) ......................... 1862-1949
23 Mar 1912 - 13 Feb 1914 Chang Ch'en-fang (Zhang Zhenfang) ................ 1863-1933
13 Feb - 03 Apr 1914 Tuan Ch'i-jui (Duan Qirui) ....................... 1865-1936
03 Apr - 20 Sep 1914 T'ien Wen-leh (Tian Wenlie) ...................... 1853-1924
20 Sep 1914 - 10 May 1922 Chao T'i (Zhao Ti) ............................... 1871-1933
10 May - 31 Oct 1922 Feng Yü-hsiang (Feng Yuxiang) .................... 1882-1948
31 Oct 1922 - 01 Nov 1924 Chang Fu-lai (Zhang Fulai) ....................... 1871-1925
06 Dec 1924 - 10 Apr 1925 Hu Ch'ing-i (Hu Jingyi) .......................... 1892-1925
24 Apr 1925 - 05 Mar 1926 Yüeh Wei-chü (Yue Weijun) ........................ 1883-1932
17 Mar 1926 - Jun 1927 K'ou Ying-chieh (Kou Yingjie) .................... 1880-1952
Governors
12 Feb 1912 - Jul 1912 Ni Szu-ch'ung (Ni Suchong) ....................... 1868-1924
Jul 1912 - 10 Jan 1913 Wang Tsu-t'ung (Wang Zutong) ..................... 1861-1919
10 Jan - 05 Jul 1913 Chang Ch'en-fang (Zhang Zhenfang)
05 Jul 1913 - 11 Feb 1914 Chang Feng-t'ai (Zhang Fengtai) (1st Time) ....... 1857-1925
11 Feb 1914 - 01 Dec 1917 T'ien Wen-leh (Tian Wenlie)
04 Dec 1917 - 26 Feb 1920 Chao T'i (Zhao Ti)
26 Feb - 24 Jul 1920 Wang Yin-ch'uan (Wang Yinchuan) .................. 1878-1939
24 Jul 1920 - 12 Dec 1923 Chang Feng-t'ai (2nd Time)
12 Dec 1923 - 07 Nov 1924 Li Ch'i-ch'en (Li Jichen) ........................ 1885-1959
07 Nov 1924 - 29 Aug 1925 Sun Yüeh (Sun Yue) ............................... 1878-1928
29 Aug 1925 - 05 Mar 1926 Yüeh Wei-chü (Yue Weijun)
31 May 1926 Chin Yün-e (Jin Yune) ............................ 1881-1935
31 May - Dec 1926 K'ou Ying-chieh (Kou Yingjie)
Dec 1926 - May 1927 Hsiung Ping-ch'i (Xiong Bingqi) .................. 1884-1959
Chairmen of the Government
13 Jun 1927 - 18 Dec 1928 Feng Yü-hsiang (Feng Yuxiang) .................... s.a
18 Dec 1928 - Apr 1930 Han Fu-chü (Han Fuju) ............................ 1890-1938
Apr - May 1930 Wan Hsüan-ts'i (Wan Xuancai) ..................... 1886-1945
May - Oct 1930 Chang Fang (Zhang Fang) (1st Time) ............... 1886-1966
07 Oct 1930 - 12 Dec 1935 Liu Ch'i (Liu Zhi) ............................... 1892-1971
12 Dec 1935 - Jul 1937 Shang Chen (Shang Zhen) .......................... 1888-1978
Jul 1937 - Feb 1938 Chang Fang (2nd Time)
02 Feb 1938 - Feb 1939 Cheng Ch'ian (Zheng Qian) ........................ 1878-1929
28 Apr 1938 - 01 Mar 1939 Su Jui-ch'en (Su Ruichen)
(for Beiping)
11 Feb - 20 Sep 1939 Fang Ts'e (Fang Ce) .............................. 1886-1945
(acting)
01 Mar 1939 - 03 Mar 1943 Ch'en Ching-chai (Chen Jingzhai)
(appointed by Beiping, Nanjing from 1940)
20 Sep 1939 - 09 Jan 1942 Wei Li-huang (Wei Lihuang) ....................... 1897-1960
09 Jan 1942 - 22 Jul 1944 Li P'ei-chi (Li Peiji) ........................... 1885-1970
03 Mar 1943 - 29 May 1944 T'ien Wen-ping (Tian Wenbing) .................... 1891-1944
(for Nanjing)
29 May 1944 - 26 Apr 1945 Shao Wen-k'ai (Shao Wenkai) ...................... 1890-1987
(for Nanjing)
22 Jul 1944 - 26 Aug 1948 Liu Mao-en (Liu Maoen) ........................... 1898-1981
26 Apr - 26 Aug 1945 Pao Wen-yüeh (Bao Wenyue) ........................ 1892-1980
(for Nanjing)
26 Aug 1948 - 24 Jun 1949 Chang Chen (Zhang Zhen) .......................... 1894-1981
24 Jun - 23 Dec 1949 Chao Tzu-li (Zhao Zili) .......................... 1908-1992
1911 - 1928 Under warlord control
May - 22 Jul 1917 Declaration of the independence
08 Jun 1928 - 1935 Under Nationalist control
20 Jun 1928 Renamed Ho-peh
25 Nov 1935 - 14 Dec 1937 East Ho-peh Anti-Communist Autonomous Council
11 Dec 1935 - 19 Aug 1937 Ho-peh-Chaha'er Political Council subordinated
to the Executive Yuan
08 Aug 1937 - Aug 1945 Occupied by Japan
22 Jan 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors of Chih-li
10 Oct 1911 - 08 Sep 1912 Chang Hsi-luan (Zhang Xiluan) .................... 1843-1922
08 Sep 1912 - 16 Dec 1913 Feng Kuo-chang (Feng Guozhang) ................... 1859-1919
16 Dec 1913 - 27 Feb 1914 Chao Ping-chün (Zhao Bingjun) .................... 1859-1914
27 Feb 1914 - 16 Sep 1916 Chu Chia-pao (Zhu Jiabao) ........................ 1860-1923
16 Sep 1916 - 12 Apr 1922 T'sao K'un (Cao Kun) ............................. 1862-1938
12 Apr 1922 - 22 Oct 1923 Yang I-te (Yang Yide) ............................ 1873-1944
(acting)
22 Oct 1923 - 11 Nov 1924 Wang Ch'eng-pin (Wang Chengbin) .................. 1874-1936
11 Nov - 11 Dec 1924 Lu Yung-hsiang (Lu Yongxiang) .................... 1867-1933
11 Dec 1924 - 25 Dec 1925 Li Ching-lin (Li Jinglin) ........................ 1885-1931
25 Dec 1925 - 21 Mar 1926 Sun Yüeh (Sun Yue) ............................... 1878-1928
07 Apr 1926 - 03 Jun 1928 Ch'u Yü-p'u (Chu Yupu) ........................... 1887-1929
Governors
15 Mar - 08 Sep 1912 Chang Hsi-luan ................................... s.a
08 Sep 1912 - 17 Jul 1913 Feng Kuo-chang ................................... s.a
17 Jul 1913 - 19 Feb 1914 Liu Jo-tseng (Liu Ruozeng) ....................... 1860-1929
19 Feb - 27 Feb 1914 Chao Ping-chün
27 Feb 1914 - 08 Jul 1917 Chu Chia-pao
08 Jul 1917 - 30 Jan 1918 T'sao K'un
30 Jan 1918 - 17 Apr 1922 Ts'ao Jui (Cao Rui) .............................. 1868-1924
17 Apr - 18 Jun 1922 Yang I-te
(acting)
18 Jun - 24 Jun 1922 Kao Ling-wei (Gao Lingwei) ....................... 1870-1940
24 Jun 1922 - 11 Nov 1924 Wang Ch'eng-pin
13 Nov 1924 - 25 Dec 1925 Li Ching-lin
25 Dec 1925 - 21 Mar 1926 Sun Yüeh
07 Apr 1926 - 03 Jun 1928 Ch'u Yü-p'u
Chairmen of the Government
26 Jun 1928 - 10 Aug 1929 Shang Chen (Shang Zhen) (1st Time) ............... 1888-1978
10 Aug 1929 - 27 Sep 1930 Hsü Yung-ch'ang (Xu Yongchang) ................... 1887-1959
27 Sep 1930 - 18 Aug 1932 Wang Shu-ch'ang (Wang Shuchang) .................. 1886-1960
27 Sep 1932 - 06 Jun 1935 Yü Hsüeh-chung (Yu Xuezhong) ..................... 1889-1964
25 Jun - 12 Dec 1935 Shang Chen (2nd Time)
25 Nov 1935 - 14 Dec 1937 Yin Ju-keng (Yin Rugeng) ......................... 1885-1947
(appointed by East Hebei government)
12 Dec 1935 - 27 Nov 1936 Sung Che-yüan (Song Zheyuan) ..................... 1885-1940
(Chairman of the Ho-peh-Chaha'er Political Council)
27 Nov 1936 - 02 Jun 1938 Feng Chih-an (Feng Zhian) ........................ 1896-1954
02 Jun 1938 - 03 Feb 1940 Lu Chung-lin (Lu Zhonglin) ....................... 1884-1966
06 Jan 1938 - 09 May 1939 Gao Lingwei (Beiping governor) ................... 1869-1939
09 May 1939 - 03 Mar 1943 Wu Tsan-chou (Wu Zanzhou) ........................ 1885-1949
(appointed by Beiping, from 1940 Nanjing)
03 Feb 1940 - 15 Jun 1943 P'ang Ping-hsün (Pang Bingxun) ................... 1879-1963
01 Mar 1943 - 02 Mar 1944 Tu Hsi-chün (Du Xijun) ........................... 1888-1945
(Nanjing governor)
15 Jun 1943 - 26 Jun 1945 Ma Fa-wu (Ma Fawu) ............................... 1893-1992
20 Jan - 16 Aug 1945 Jung Chen (Rong Zhen) ............................ 1891-1952
(Nanjing governor)
16 Aug 1945 - 17 Dec 1947 Sun Lien-chung (Sun Lianzhong) ................... 1893-1990
17 Dec 1947 - 22 Jan 1949 Ch'u Ch'i-chun (Chu Xichun) ...................... 1896-1966
28 Jun 1913 Ch'uan-pien special administrative region
1914 - 1939 Area west of the Jinsha river under Tibetan control
07 Feb 1925 Hsikang provincial committee formed
01 Jan 1939 Hsikang province
24 Mar 1955 Under Communist control
01 Oct 1955 Diveded between Szechwan and Tibetan Autonomous Region
Military Governors
28 Jun 1913 - 13 Jan 1914 Yin Ch'ang-heng (Yin Changheng) .................. 1884-1952
13 Jan 1914 - 30 Apr 1915 Chang I (Zhang Yi)
30 Apr 1915 - 13 Aug 1916 Liu Jui-heng (Liu Ruiheng)
(acting)
13 Aug 1916 - 30 Sep 1917 Yi Ch'eng-huan (Yin Chenghuan) ................... 1877-1945
30 Sep 1917 - 02 Feb 1918 Hsiung K'o-wu (Xiong Kewu) ....................... 1885-1970
02 Feb 1918 - 24 Dec 1924 Ch'en Hsia-ling (Chen Xialing) ................... 1873-1950
Heads of the Civil Government
24 Dec 1924 - 04 Feb 1929 Liu Ch'eng-hsün (Liu Chengxun)
04 Feb 1929 - 29 Dec 1934 Wu Hsiang-han (Wu Xinghan)
29 Dec 1934 - 31 Dec 1938 Liu Wen-hui (Liu Wenhui) ......................... 1895-1976
Chairmen of the Government
01 Jan 1939 - 16 Dec 1949 Liu Wen-hui
16 Dec 1949 - 25 Mar 1950 Ho Kuo-huang (He Guoguang) ....................... 1885-1969
(Continues in Taiwan to 1955)
10 Mar 1950 - 30 Sep 1955 Liao Chih-kao (Liao Zhigao) ...................... 1913-2000
(also First Secretary of the Communist Party)
Szechwan-Hsikang Border Defence Commanders-in-chief
1925 - 1927 Liu Hsiang (Liu Xiang) ........................... 1890-1938
1927 - 29 Dec 1934 Liu Wen-hui (Liu Wenhui) ......................... s.a
1929 - 1931 Hsingan (Xingan) settlements (split from Heilongjiang
province by Manchurian warlord Chang Hsue-liang) (not recognised by China)
1931 - 1945 Part of Japanese Manchukuo
1932 - 1939 Hsingan province of Manchukuo
1939 - 1943 Divided into East, North, South and West Hsingan provinces
1943 Hisingan province restored
23 Apr 1947 Incorporated into Nei Mongol
Supervisor
1929 - 1931 Tsou Tso-hua (Zou Zuohua) ........................ 1894-1973
Chairmen of the Government
04 Sep 1945 - 02 Nov 1948 Wu Huan-chang (Wu Huanzhang) ..................... 1901-1988
(Nationalist) (in exile from Apr 1946)
May 1946 - 23 Apr 1947 T'e-mu-erh-pa-ken (Temuerbagen) .................. 1901-1969
(also Secretary of the Communist Party)
24 Jan 1942 Su-huai (Suhuai) Special Autonomous District within
Kiangsu province, established by Wang Ch'ing-wei
15 Jan 1944 Huai-hai province split from Kiangsu
16 Aug 1945 Re-incorporated into Kiangsu
Chairmen of the District (from 1944 Province)
27 Jan 1942 - 02 Sep 1943 Hao P'eng (Hao Peng) ............................. 1881-19..
02 Sep 1943 - 16 Aug 1945 Hao P'eng-chün (Hao Pengju) ...................... 1903-1974
23 Oct - 30 Nov 1911 Hunan province declares independence from Qing Empire
25 Jul - 13 Aug 1913 Provincial declaration of indepedence
04 Aug 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
22 Oct - 31 Oct 1911 Chiao Ta-feng (Jiao Dafeng ....................... 1887-1911
31 Oct 1911 - 24 Oct 1913 T'an Yen-k'ai (Tan Yankai) ....................... 1879-1930
24 Oct 1913 - 04 Jul 1916 T'ang Hsiang-ming (Tang Xiangming) ............... 1885-1975
04 Jul - 06 Jul 1916 Tseng Chi-wu (Zeng Jiwu) ......................... 1878-1944
06 Jul - 16 Jul 1916 Ch'en Huan (Chen Huan) ........................... 1870-1939
16 Jul - 03 Aug 1916 Liu Jen-hsi (Liu Renxi) .......................... 1844-1919
03 Aug 1916 - 06 Aug 1917 T'an Yen-k'ai (2nd Time)
06 Aug - 18 Nov 1917 Fu Liang-tso (Fu Liangzuo) ....................... 1873-1924
18 Nov - 07 Dec 1917 Wang Ju-hsien (Wang Ruxian) ...................... 1874-1944
(acting)
07 Dec 1917 - 27 Mar 1918 T'an Yen-k'ai (3rd Time)
27 May 1918 - 29 Jun 1920 Chang Ching-yao (Zhang Jingyao) .................. 1881-1934
29 Jun - 29 Jul 1920 Wu Kuang-hsin (Wu Guangxin) ...................... 1881-1939
29 Jul - 23 Nov 1920 T'an Yen-k'ai (4th Time)
23 Nov 1920 - 11 Mar 1926 Chao Heng-t'i (Zhao Hengti) ...................... 1880-1971
11 Mar - 14 Jul 1926 T'ang Sheng-chih (Tang Shengzhi) ................. 1889-1970
Governors
12 Sep 1912 - 07 Oct 1913 T'an Yen-k'ai (1st Time)
07 Oct - 24 Oct 1913 Wang Hu .......................................... 1865-1933
24 Oct 1913 - 15 Jul 1914 T'ang Hsiang-ming (Tang Xiangming) (1st Time)
15 Jul 1914 - 25 May 1915 Liu Hsin-yüan (Liu Xinyuan) ...................... 1848-1915
25 May - 31 Jul 1915 T'ao Szu-cheng (Tao Sicheng) ..................... 1883-19..
31 Aug - 26 Sep 1915 Yen Kuo-chün (Yen Guojun) ........................ 1857-1942
31 Jul - 26 Sep 1915 Yen Chia-ch'ih (Yen Jiachi) ...................... 1885-1952
(acting)
26 Sep 1915 - 25 Apr 1916 Shen Ching-chien (Shen Jingjian) ................. 1875-1924
25 Apr - 04 Jul 1916 T'ang Hsiang-ming (2nd Time)
06 Jul - 25 Jul 1916 Ch'en Huan (Chen Huan)
25 Jul - 03 Aug 1916 Liu Jen-hsi (Liu Renxi)
03 Aug 1916 - 09 Oct 1917 T'an Yen-k'ai (2nd Time)
07 Dec 1917 - 27 Mar 1918 T'an Yen-k'ai (3rd Time)
27 Mar 1918 - 29 Jun 1920 Chang Ching-yao (Zhang Jingyao)
29 Jun - 29 Jul 1920 Wu Kuang-hsin (Wu Guangxin)
29 Jul - 23 Nov 1920 T'an Yen-k'ai (4th Time)
26 Nov - 28 Nov 1920 Chao Heng-t'i (Zhao Hengti)
28 Nov 1920 - 06 Apr 1921 Lin Chih-yü (Lin Zhiyu) .......................... 1876-1930
06 Apr 1921 - 11 Mar 1926 Chao Heng-t'i (2nd Time)
25 Mar 1926 - 11 Nov 1927 T'ang Sheng-chih (Tang Shengzhi)
13 Jun - Nov 1927 Chou Lan (Zhou Lan) .............................. 1892-1952
Chairmen of the Government
11 Nov 1927 - 28 May 1928 Ch'eng Ch'ien (Cheng Qian) (1st Time) ............ 1882-1968
28 May 1928 - 27 Mar 1929 Lu Ti-ping (Lu Diping) ........................... 1887-1935
27 Mar 1929 - 20 Nov 1937 Ho Chien (Ho Jian) ............................... 1887-1956
20 Nov 1937 - 21 Jan 1939 Chang Chih-chung (Zhang Zhizhong) ................ 1891-1969
21 Jan 1939 - 26 Jun 1945 Hsüeh Yüeh ....................................... 1896-1998
26 Jun 1945 - 09 Apr 1946 Wu Ch'i-wei (Wu Qiwei) ........................... 1890-1953
09 Apr 1946 - 22 Jun 1948 Wang Tung-yüan (Wang Dongyuan) ................... 1899-1997
22 Jun 1948 - 21 Jul 1949 Ch'eng Ch'ien (Cheng Qian) (2nd Time)
21 Jul - 05 Aug 1949 Huang Chieh (Huang Jie) .......................... 1902-1995
11 Oct - 30 Nov 1911 Provincial declaration of independence from Qing Empire
25 Oct 1938 - 17 Aug 1945 Partly occupied by Japan
Oct 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
10 Oct 1911 - 19 Dec 1913 Li Yüan-hung (Li Yuanhong) ....................... 1864-1928
19 Dec 1913 - 01 Feb 1914 Tuan Ch'i-jui (Duan Qirui) ....................... 1864-1936
01 Feb 1914 - 22 Aug 1915 Tuan Chih-kuei (Duan Zhigui) ..................... 1869-1925
22 Aug - 22 Dec 1915 Chang Hsi-luan (Zhang Xiluan) .................... 1843-1922
22 Dec 1915 - 09 Aug 1921 Wang Chan-yüan (Wang Zhanyuan) ................... 1861-1934
09 Aug 1921 - 14 Feb 1926 Hsiao Yao-nan (Xiao Yaonan) ...................... 1875-1926
14 Feb - 10 Oct 1926 Ch'en Chiao-mo (Chen Jiamo) ...................... 18..-1927
Governors
01 Jan 1912 - Apr 1912 Liu Hsin-yüan (Liu Xinyuan) (1st Time) ........... 1848-1915
19 Apr - 13 May 1912 Fan Tsen-hsiang (Fan Zengxiang) .................. 1846-1931
13 May - 30 Oct 1912 Liu Hsin-yüan (2nd Time)
30 Oct 1912 - 25 Sep 1913 Hsia Shou-k'ang (Xia Shoukang) (1st Time) ........ 1871-1923
25 Sep - 12 Dec 1913 Jao Han-hsiang (Rao Hanxiang) .................... 1883-1927
12 Dec 1913 - 07 Oct 1914 Lu Tiao-yüan (Lu Diaoyuan) ....................... 1865-1932
07 Oct 1914 - 02 May 1916 Tuan Shu-yüan (Duan Shuyun) ...................... 1856-1924
02 May - 24 Jul 1916 Fan Shou-yu (Fan Shouyou ) ....................... 1868-1916
24 Jul 1916 - 29 Mar 1919 Wang Chan-yüan (Wang Zhanyuan)
29 Mar 1919 - 28 Aug 1920 Ho P'ei-jung (He Peirong) ........................ 1888-1942
28 Aug - 18 Sep 1920 Sun Chen-chia (Sun Zhenjia) ...................... 1858-19..
18 Sep 1920 - 08 Mar 1921 Hsia Shou-k'ang (2nd Time)
08 Mar 1921 - 06 Jul 1922 Liu Ch'en-ken (Liu Chengen) ...................... 1863-1922
06 Jul 1922 - 08 Jan 1924 T'ang Hsian-ming (Tang Xiangming) ................ 1885-1975
08 Jan 1924 - 14 Feb 1926 Hsiao Yao-nan (Xiao Yaonan) ...................... s.a
14 Feb - 21 Feb 1926 Tu Hsi-chün (Du Xijun) ........................... 1880-1951
21 Feb - 10 Oct 1926 Liu Tso-lung (Liu Zuolong) ....................... 1874-1934
Oct 1926 - Apr 1927 Teng Yen-ta (Deng Yanda) ......................... 1895-1931
Apr - Nov 1927 K'ung Keng (Kong Geng) ........................... 1876-1950
Chairmen of the Government
19 Dec 1927 - 04 May 1929 Chang Chih-pen (Zhang Zhiben) .................... 1881-1976
05 Apr - 04 May 1929 Hsiao Hsün (Xiao Xuan)
(acting)
04 May - 17 Dec 1929 Fang Pen-jen (Fang Benren) ....................... 1880-1953
17 Dec 1929 - 24 Mar 1932 He Ch'eng-chün (He Chengjun) (1st Time) .......... 1882-1961
24 Mar 1932 - 07 Jul 1933 Hsia Tou-yin (Xia Douyin) ........................ 1884-1951
07 Jul 1933 - 17 Dec 1935 Chang Ch'ün (Zhang Qun) .......................... 1889-1990
17 Dec 1935 - 25 Oct 1936 Yang Yung-t'ai (Yang Yongtai) .................... 1880-1936
20 Oct - 02 Dec 1936 Lu Chu (Lu Zhi) .................................. 1889-19..
02 Dec 1936 - 20 Nov 1937 Huang Shao-hung (Huang Shaohong) ................. 1895-1966
20 Nov 1937 - 15 Jun 1938 He Ch'eng-chün (2nd Time)
15 Jun 1938 - 04 Feb 1939 Ch'en Ch'eng (Chen Cheng) .......... ............. 1898-1965
04 Feb 1939 - 31 Aug 1940 Yen Li-san (Yan Lisan) ........................... 1892-1944
05 Nov 1939 - 07 Jun 1942 He Pei-jung (He Peirong)
(Nanjing governor)
28 Jun 1942 - 03 Mar 1945 Yang Kuei-i (Yang Kuiyi) ......................... 1885-1945
(Nanjing governor)
Feb 1943 - 22 Jul 1944 Chu Huai-ping (Zhu Huaibing) ..................... 1881-1968
(acting)
22 Jul 1944 - 09 Apr 1946 Wang Tung-yüan (Wang Dongyuan) ................... 1899-1997
03 Mar - 16 Aug 1945 Ye P'eng (Ye Peng) ............................... 1897-1947
(appointed by Nanjing)
09 Apr 1946 - 03 Apr 1948 Wan Yao-huang (Wan Yaohuang) ..................... 1893-1977
03 Apr 1948 - 21 Feb 1949 Chang Tun-lun (Zhang Dulun) ...................... 1894-1958
21 Feb - Nov 1949 Chu T'ing-ch'ing (Zhu Dingqing) .................. 1902-1982
1912 Jehol special administrative region (formally part
of Manchuria)
17 Sep 1928 Jehol province
21 Jan 1933 - 15 Aug 1945 Under Japanese occupation, annexed to Manchukuo as
Rehe province
Jun 1948 Under Communist control
30 Jul 1955 Abolished by P.R.C, part of Inner Mongolia
First Secretaries of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party
Dec 1948 - Nov 1949 Li Yün-chang (Li Yunchang) ....................... 1908-2008
Nov 1949 - 30 Jul 1955 Wang Kuo-ch'üan (Wang Guoquan) ................... 1911-2004
Governors
06 Apr - 12 Dec 1912 Chiang Kuei-t'i (Jiang Guiti) (1st Time) ......... 1843-1922
12 Dec 1912 - 31 Jul 1913 Hsiung Hsi-ling (Xiong Xiling) ................... 1867-1937
01 Aug 1913 - 11 Sep 1921 Chiang Kuei-t'i (2nd Time)
29 Jun 1920 - 11 Sep 1921 Shu Ho-chün (Shu Hejun)
(acting)
11 Sep 1921 - 29 May 1922 Chi Chin-ch'un (Ji Jinchun) ...................... 1878-1948
30 May 1922 - 30 Jun 1924 Wang Huai-ch'ing (Wang Huaiqing) ................. 1865-1928
01 Jul - 11 Dec 1924 Mi Chen-piao (Mi Zhenbiao) ....................... 1860-1928
(acting)
11 Dec 1924 - 30 Nov 1925 K'an Chao-hsi (Kan Chaoxi) ....................... 1884-1951
30 Nov - 04 Dec 1925 Chang P'engfei (Zhang Pengfei) ................... 1876-1927
04 Dec 1925 - 05 Apr 1926 Sung Che-yüan (Song Zheyuan) ..................... 1885-1940
05 Apr 1926 - 31 Dec 1928 T'ang Yü-lin (Tang Yulin) ........................ 1871-1937
Chairmen of the Government
31 Dec 1928 - 08 Mar 1933 T'ang Yü-lin (Tang Yulin)
1933 - 1935 Chang Ping-i (Zhang Bingyi)
1935 - 1940 Li Yün-chang (Li Yunchang) (1st Time) ............ s.a
03 May 1940 - 09 Dec 1941 Miao Ch'eng-lin (Miao Chengliu) .................. 1901-1990
09 Dec 1941 - 18 Feb 1948 Liu To-kuei (Liu Duoquan) ........................ 1897-1985
Nov 1945 - Jan 1949 Li Yün-chang (2nd Time)
(Communist)
18 Feb - 22 Jun 1948 Fan Han-chieh (Fan Hanjie) ....................... 1894-1976
22 Jun 1948 - 18 Dec 1949 Sun Tu (Sun Du) .................................. 1898-1967
Jan - Apr 1949 Li Tzu-kuang (Li Ziguag) ......................... 1902-1967
(Communist)
Apr 1949 - 19 Jan 1953 Lu Ch'eng-te (Luo Chengde) ....................... 1909-1990
Oct 1952 - Sep 1954 Shen Chao (=Shen Yüeh) (Shen Zhao) ............... 1916-1992
Sep 1954 - 30 Jul 1955 Wang Kuo-ch'üan (Wang Guoquan) ................... s.a
Manchukuo Governors for Rehe
1933 - 17 Nov 1934 Chang Hai-p'eng (Zhang Haipeng) .................. 1867-1949
17 Nov 1934 - 30 Jun 1937 Liu Meng-keng (Liu Menggeng) ..................... 1881-19..
01 Jul 1937 - 20 May 1940 Chin Ming-shi (Jin Mingshi) ...................... 1886-1964
21 May 1940 - 15 Jan 1941 Wang Yün-ch'ing (Wang Yunqing) ................... 1890-1954
16 May 1941 - 17 Jul 1942 Chang Lien-wen (Zhang Lianwan) ................... 1895-19..
18 Jul 1942 - 11 Sep 1943 Ma Kuan-piao (Ma Guambiao) ....................... 1880-19..
13 Sep 1943 - 12 May 1945 Chiang Ch'üan-wo (Jiang Quanwo) .................. 1894-1945
12 May - Nov 1945 Sun Pai-fang (Sun Baifang) ....................... 1891-1946
1927 - 1931 Kansu Muslim-Kuominchün conflict
02 Feb - 1931 Hehsi (Hexi) province briefly split from Kansu
by local warlord (not recognised)
26 Aug 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
09 Nov 1911 - 15 Mar 1912 Huang Yüeh (Huang Yue) ........................... 1869-1943
15 Mar 1912 - 01 May 1913 Chao Wei-hsi (Zhao Weixi) ........................ 1860-1917
01 May 1913 - 06 Mar 1914 Chang Ping-hua (Zhang Binghua)
(acting)
06 Mar 1914 - 31 Dec 1920 Chang Kuang-chien (Zhang Guangjian) .............. 1864-1938
01 Jan 1921 - 29 Aug 1925 Lu Hong-t'ao (Lu Hongtao) ........................ 1866-1927
29 Aug 1925 - 09 Jan 1926 Feng Yü-hsiang (Feng Yuxiang) .................... 1882-1948
29 Aug 1925 - 09 Jan 1926 Liu Yü-fen (Liu Yufen) ........................... 1886-1943
(acting for Feng)
09 Jan 1926 - 17 Jun 1927 Li Ming-chung (Li Mingzhong) ..................... 1887-1949
02 Feb - 1931 Ma Chung-ying (Ma Zhongying) ..................... 1912-1937
(for Hexi [not recognised])
Governors
01 Jan - Sep 1912 P'eng Ying-chia (Peng Yingjia)
Sep 1912 - Feb 1913 He Tso-chi (He Zouchi)
Feb - 01 May 1913 Chao Wei-hsi
01 May 1913 - Jun 1914 Chang Ping-hua
Jun 1914 - 31 Dec 1920 Chang Kuang-chien
31 Dec 1920 - 06 Oct 1921 Ts'ai Ch'eng-hsün (Cai Chengxun) ................. 1871-1946
06 Oct 1921 - 13 Jul 1922 Pan Ling-kao (Pan Linggao) ....................... 1867-1954
13 Jul 1922 - 28 Mar 1924 Lin Hsi-kuang (Lin Xiguang) ...................... 1882-19..
28 Mar 1923 - 09 Oct 1925 Lu Hong-t'ao
30 Sep - 09 Oct 1925 Yang Szu (Yang Si) ............................... 1882-1956
(acting)
09 Oct 1925 - Jun 1927 Hsüeh Tu-pi (Xue Dubi) ........................... 1892-1973
Jun 1927 - Aug 1929 Liu Yufen ........................................ s.a
Chairmen of the Government
Aug 1929 - Apr 1930 Sun Lien-chung (Sun Lianzhong) ................... 1893-1990
Apr - Nov 1930 Wang Chen (Wang Zhen)
Nov 1930 - Aug 1931 Ma Hung-pin (Ma Hongbin) ......................... 1884-1960
Aug - Dec 1931 Ma Wen-ch'e (Ma Wenche) .......................... 1890-1961
Dec 1931 - Apr 1932 Sun Weiju (Sun Weiru) ............................ 1896-1979
Apr 1932 - 02 May 1933 Shao Li-tzu (Shao Lizi) .......................... 1882-1967
Jan 1933 - May 1934 Teng Pao-shan (Deng Baoshan) (1st Time) .......... 1893-1968
(acting to 02 May 1933)
May 1934 - 02 Nov 1935 Ch Shao-liang (Zhu Shaoliang) (1st Time) ......... 1891-1963
02 Nov 1935 - 31 Mar 1937 Yü Hsüeh-chung (Yu Xuezhong) ..................... 1889-1964
31 Mar 1937 - 15 Nov 1940 Ch Shao-liang (2nd Time)
31 Mar - 28 Apr 1937 T'ien Chin-chiung (Tian Jinjiong)
28 Apr - 17 Dec 1937 Ho Yao-tzu (He Yaozu) ............................ 1889-1961
15 Nov 1940 - 17 Oct 1946 Ku Cheng-lun (Gu Zhenglun) ....................... 1890-1953
17 Oct 1946 - 03 Aug 1949 Kuo Ch'i-ch'iao (Guo Jiqiao) ..................... 1902-1998
03 Aug - 02 Dec 1949 Ma Hung-k'uei (Ma Hongkui) ....................... 1890-1953
Jun - 29 Sep 1949 Ting I-chung (Ding Yizhong) ...................... 1880-1973
29 Sep - 02 Dec 1949 Wang Chih-ch'i (Wang Zhiqi) ...................... 1901-1985
23 Oct - 30 Nov 1911 Provincial declaration of independence from Qing Empire
1927 - 1934 Southern Kiangsi the core territory of the Chinese Soviet
1934 - 22 May 1949 Under Nationalist control
1943 - 1945 Occupied by Japan
22 May 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
24 Oct 1911 - 08 Jan 1912 Ma Yü-pao (Ma Yubao) ............................. 1864-1933
02 Nov - 12 Nov 1911 Wu Chieh-chang (Wu Jiezhang) ..................... 1875-1926
(in Nachang)
12 Nov 1911 - Dec 1911 P'eng Ch'eng-wan (Peng Chengwan) ................. 1880-1978
(in Nachang)
08 Jan 1912 - 09 Jun 1913 Li Lie-chün (Li Liejun) .......................... 1882-1946
09 Jun - 29 Sep 1913 Li Yüan-hung (Li Yuanhong) ....................... 1864-1928
09 Jun 1913 - 15 Aug 1913 Ou-yang Wu (Ouyang Wu) ........................... 1881-1976
29 Sep 1913 - 06 Aug 1917 Li Ch'un (Li Chun) ............................... 1875-1920
06 Aug 1917 - 15 Jun 1922 Ch'en Kuang-yüan (Chen Guangyuan) ................ 1873-1939
15 Jun 1922 - 14 Dec 1924 Ts'ai Ch'eng-hsün (Cai Chengxun) ................. 1871-1946
14 Dec 1924 - 24 Mar 1926 Fang Pen-jen (Fang Benren) ....................... 1880-1951
24 Mar - 06 Oct 1926 Teng Ju-cho (Deng Ruzhuo) ........................ 1888-1944
06 Oct - 08 Nov 1926 Cheng Chün-yen (Zheng Junyan)
General Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party
01 Dec 1931 - 17 Jan 1935 Po Ku (Bo Gu) .................................... 1907-1946
17 Jan 1935 - 16 Oct 1934 Chang Wen-t'ien (Zhang Wentian) .................. 1900-1976
Governors
10 Oct 1911 - 16 Dec 1912 Liu Feng-ch'i (Liu Fengqi) ....................... 1866-1933
16 Dec 1912 - 11 Mar 1913 Wang Jui-kan (Wang Ruikai) ....................... 1875-1941
11 Mar - 09 Jun 1913 Ts'ung-fan (Zhao Congfan) (1st Time)
09 Jun - 29 Sep 1913 Ho Kuo-chang (He Guochang) ....................... 1856-1919
29 Sep 1913 - 24 Jan 1914 Li Chun
24 Jan 1914 - 21 Feb 1921 Ch'i Yang (Qi Yang) .............................. 1857-1945
21 Feb - 13 May 1921 Chao Ts'ung-fan (2nd Time)
21 Feb 1921 - 15 Jun 1922 Yang Ch'ing-yüan (Yang Qingyuan) ................. 1874-1928
15 Jun 1922 - 23 Mar 1923 Hsieh Yüan-han (Xie Yuanhan) ..................... 1875-1950
17 Sep - 04 Oct 1922 Li T'ing-yü (Li Dingyu) .......................... 1869-1952
(acting)
23 Mar - 11 Dec 1923 Hsü Yüan-hao (Xu Yuanhao) ........................ 1878-1955
04 Oct 1922 - 01 Dec 1924 Ts'ai Ch'eng-hsün (Cai Chengxun) ................. s.a
(in rebellion to 11 Dec 1923)
01 Dec 1924 - 16 Mar 1925 Hu Szu-i (Hu Siyi) ............................... 1878-1951
16 Mar - 24 Mar 1925 Wen Ch'ün (Wen Qun) .............................. 1884-1969
24 Mar 1925 - Mar 1926 Li Ting-k'ui (Li Dingkui) ........................ 1879-1947
Mar - 08 Nov 1926 Yang Ju-hsüan (Yang Ruxuan) ...................... 1895-1979
Feb - Apr 1927 Li Lie-chün (Li Liejun) .......................... 1882-1946
Chairmen of the Government
Apr 1927 - 10 Sep 1929 Chu P'ei-te (Zhu Peide) .......................... 1889-1937
10 Sep 1929 - 15 Dec 1931 Lu Ti-p'ing (Lu Diping) .......................... 1887-1935
01 Dec 1931 - 16 Oct 1934 Mao Ts'e-tung (Mao Zedong) ....................... 1893-1976
(Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the
Soviet Republic of China)
15 Dec 1931 - 25 Feb 1942 Hsiung Shih-hui (Xiong Shihui) ................... 1892-1974
25 Feb 1942 - 26 Mar 1946 Ts'ao Hao-sen (Cao Haosen) ....................... 1888-1952
06 May - 30 Dec 1943 Teng Ts'u-yü (Deng Zuyu) ......................... 1891-19..
(Nanjing governor)
30 Dec 1943 - 03 Mar 1945 Kao Kuan-wu (Gao Guanwu) ......................... 1892-1957
(Nanjing governor)
03 Mar - 16 Aug 1945 Huang Tzu-ch'iang (Huang Ziqiang) ................ 1895-1947
(Nanjing governor)
26 Mar 1946 - 05 Apr 1948 Wang Ling-chi (Wang Lingji) ...................... 1883-1967
03 Apr 1948 - 20 Jan 1949 Hu Chia-feng (Hu Jiafeng) ........................ 1886-1962
20 Jan - 30 Nov 1949 Fang T'ien (Fang Tian) ........................... 1902-1991
Chairmen of the People's Committee of the Soviet Republic of China
01 Dec 1931 - 03 Feb 1934 Mao Ts'e-tung (Mao Zedong) ....................... s.a
03 Feb - 16 Oct 1934 Chang Wen-t'ien (Zhang Wentian) .................. s.a
05 Nov - 30 Nov 1911 Provincial declaration of independence from Qing Empire
1911 - 1928 Under Military rule
15 Jul - 23 Jul 1913 Provincial declaration of independence
1928 - 23 Apr 1949 Under Nationalist government
08 Nov 1937 - 17 Aug 1945 Japanese occupation, under puppet Nanjing government
Military Governors
05 Nov 1911 - 01 Jan 1912 Ch'eng Te-ch'üan (Cheng Dequan) (1st Time) ....... 1860-1930
01 Jan - 12 Mar 1912 Chuang Yün-k'uan (Zhuang Yunkuan) ................ 1867-1932
(acting)
12 Mar 1912 - 17 Jul 1913 Ch'eng Te-ch'üan (2nd Time)
17 Jul - 03 Sep 1913 Chang Tzu (Zhang Zi)
(acting)
03 Sep - 16 Dec 1913 Chang Hsün (Zhang Xun)
16 Dec 1913 - 08 Jul 1917 Feng Kuo-chang (Feng Guozhang) ................... 1859-1919
08 Jul - 06 Aug 1917 Ch'i Yao-lin (Qi Yaolin) ......................... 1862-1949
(acting)
06 Aug 1917 - 12 Oct 1920 Li Ch'un (Li Chun) ............................... 1875-1920
15 Oct 1920 - 11 Dec 1924 Ch'i Hsieh-yüan (Qi Xieyuan) ..................... 1885-1946
11 Dec 1924 - 16 Jan 1925 Han Kuo-chün (Han Guojun) ........................ 1857-1942
16 Jan - 03 Aug 1925 Lu Yung-hsiang (Lu Yongxiang) .................... 1867-1933
29 Aug - 25 Nov 1925 Yang Yü-t'ing (Yang Yuting) ...................... 1886-1929
25 Nov 1925 - 24 Mar 1927 Sun Ch'uan-fang (Sun Chuanfang) .................. 1885-1935
Governors
15 Mar - 19 Nov 1912 Li P'ing-shu (Li Pingshu) ........................ 1854-1927
(acting)
19 Nov 1912 - 06 Sep 1913 Ying Te-hung (Ying Dehong) ....................... 1876-1919
06 Sep 1913 - 15 Jul 1914 Han Kuo-chün (Han Guojun) (1st Time) ............. s.a
15 Jul 1914 - 18 Sep 1920 Ch'i Yao-lin (Qi Yaolin)
18 Sep 1920 - 15 Jun 1922 Wang Hu .......................................... 1865-1933
15 Jun 1922 - 14 Feb 1925 Han Kuo-chün (2nd Time)
14 Feb 1925 - 1 Dec 1925 Cheng Ch'ien (Zheng Qian) ........................ 1870-1929
1 Dec 1925 - 24 Dec 1926 Chen T'ao-i (Chen Taoyi) ......................... 1881-1946
24 Dec 1926 - 24 Mar 1927 Hsü Ting-k'ang (Xu Dingkang) ..................... 1876-1938
Chairmen of the Government
24 Mar 1927 - 17 Jul 1930 Niu Yung-chien (Niu Yongjian) .................... 1870-1965
17 Jul 1930 - 15 Dec 1931 Yeh Ch'u-ts'ang (Ye Chucang ) .................... 1887-1946
15 Dec 1931 - 03 Oct 1933 Ku Ch'u-t'ung (Gu Zhutong) (1st Time) ............ 1891-1987
03 Oct 1933 - 26 Nov 1937 Ch'en Kuo-fo (Chen Guofu) ........................ 1892-1951
26 Nov 1937 - 13 Oct 1939 Ku Ch'u-t'ung (2nd Time)
13 Oct 1939 - 10 Jan 1945 Han Te-ch'in (Han Deqin) ......................... 1892-1988
10 Jan 1945 - 02 Sep 1948 Wang Mao-kung (Wang Maogong) ..................... 1891-1961
02 Sep 1948 - May 1950 Ting Chih-p'an (Ding Zhipan) ..................... 1894-1988
Nanjing Governors
09 Apr 1938 - 20 Jun 1940 Chen Tse-min (Chen Zemin) ........................ 1881-1951
20 Jun 1940 - 01 Jan 1942 Kao Kuan-wu (Gao Guanwu) ......................... 1892-1957
01 Jan 1942 - 09 Sep 1943 Li Shih-ch'ün (Li Shiqun) ........................ 1905-1943
05 Oct 1943 - 11 Nov 1944 Ch'en Ch'ün (Chen Qun) ........................... 1890-1945
11 Nov 1944 - 16 Aug 1945 Jen Yüan-tao (Ren Yuandao) ....................... 1891-1980
09 Mar 1932 - 15 Aug 1945 Part of Japanese occupied Manchuria
15 Aug 1945 - 03 May 1946 Soviet occupation
15 Oct 1948 Under Communist control
Military Governors
01 Jan 1912 - 13 Jun 1913 Ch'en Chao-chang (Chen Zhaochang) ................ 1868-1914
13 Jun 1913 - 03 Jun 1914 Chang Hsi-luan (Zhang Xiluan) .................... 1843-1922
03 Jun 1914 - 18 Oct 1917 Meng En-yüan (Meng Enyuan) (1st Time) ............ 1856-1933
18 Oct 1917 - 29 Mar 1918 T'ien Chung-yü (Tian Zhongyu) .................... 1869-1935
29 Mar 1918 - 06 Jul 1919 Meng En-yüan (2nd Time)
06 Jul 1919 - 12 Mar 1921 Pao Kuei-ch'ing (Bao Guiqing) .................... 1867-1934
12 Mar 1921 - 25 Apr 1924 Sun Lie-ch'en (Sun Liechen) ...................... 1876-1924
28 Apr 1924 - 29 Dec 1928 Chang Tso-hsiang (Zhang Zuoxiang) ................ 1881-1949
Dec 1924 - Jul 1927 Wang Shu-han (Wang Shuhan) ....................... 1882-1955
Governors
15 Mar 1912 - 13 Jun 1913 Ch'en Chao-chang (Chen Zhaochang) ................ s.a
13 Jun 1913 - 15 Jul 1914 Ch'i Yao-lin (Qi Yaolin) ......................... 1862-1949
15 Jul 1914 - 19 Aug 1915 Meng Hsian-i (Meng Xianyi) ....................... 1866-1924
19 Aug 1915 - 22 Apr 1916 Wang I-t'ang (Wang Yitang) ....................... 1877-1948
01 May 1916 - 23 Oct 1919 Kuo Tsung-hsi (Guo Zongxi) ....................... 1878-1934
23 Oct 1919 - 02 Sep 1920 Hsü Nai-lin (Xu Nailin) .......................... 1867-1940
02 Sep 1920 - 12 Mar 1921 Pao Kuei-ch'ing (Bao Guiqing) .................... s.a
12 Mar 1921 - 25 Apr 1924 Sun Lie-ch'en (Sun Liechen) ...................... s.a
Jul - Dec 1922 K'uei Sheng (Kui Sheng) .......................... 1862-1932
(acting)
28 Apr 1924 - 29 Dec 1928 Chang Tso-hsiang (Zhang Zuoxiang) ................ s.a
Dec 1924 - Jun 1927 Wang Shuhan ...................................... 1882-1955
(acting)
Chairmen of the Government
31 Dec 1928 - 12 Oct 1931 Chang Tso-hsiang ................................. s.a
12 Oct 1931 - 02 Jul 1932 Ch'eng Yün (Cheng Yun) ........................... 1881-1944
02 Jul - Dec 1932 Ting Ch'ao (Ding Chao) ........................... 1883-1939
09 Mar 1932 - Mar 1934 Hsi Ch'ia (Xi Qia) ............................... 1883-1950
(Appointed by Manchukuo)
Mar 1934 - Jul 1937 Li Ming-shu (Li Ming-shu) ........................ 1878-1939
(Appointed by Manchukuo)
Jul 1937 - Sep 1942 Yen Fu-fu (Yan Fufu)
(Appointed by Manchukuo)
03 May 1940 - Aug 1945 Tsou Tso-hua (Zou Zuohua) ........................ 1894-1973
Sep 1942 - 15 Apr 1944 Chin Ming-shih (Jin Mingshi) ..................... 1886-1964
(Appointed by Manchukuo)
15 Apr 1944 - 25 Aug 1945 Hsü Chia-huan (Xu Jiahuan) ....................... 1892-1951
(Appointed by Manchukuo)
04 Sep 1945 - 02 Oct 1946 Cheng Tao-ju (Zheng Daoru) ....................... 1897-1977
Jan - Apr 1946 Wang Ning-hua (Wang Ning-hua) .................... 1904-1951
(acting for Daoru)
02 Oct 1946 - 24 Feb 1948 Liang Hua-sheng (Liang Huasheng) ................. 1904-1999
04 Feb - 21 Oct 1948 Cheng Tung-kuo (Zheng Dongguo) ................... 1903-1991
07 Nov - 30 Nov 1911 Independence declared from the Qing Empire
15 Mar - 08 May 1916 Independent military government
Dec 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
07 Nov 1911 - Jan 1912 Shen P'ing-kun (Shen Bingkun) .................... 1862-1913
Jan 1912 - 06 Jul 1916 Lu Yung-t'ing (Lu Rongting) (1st Time) ........... 1859-1928
06 Jul 1916 - 10 Apr 1917 Chen P'ing-kun (Chen Bingkun) .................... 1868-1927
10 Apr 1917 - 16 Jul 1921 T'an Hao-ming (Tan Haoming) ...................... 1871-1925
01 Oct 1921 - May 1922 Chien Chiung-ming (Chen Jiongming) ............... 1878-1933
(for the Southern Government)
May 1922 - 30 Jan 1923 Lin Chen-huan (Liu Zhenhuan) (1st Time) .......... 1890-1972
(for the Southern Government)
30 Jan 1923 - 30 Jan 1924 Lin Chün-t'ing (Lin Junting) ..................... 1876-1933
30 Jan - 09 Oct 1924 Lu Yung-t'ing (2nd Time)
(acting)
11 Nov 1924 - 12 May 1925 Li Tsung-jen (Li Zongren) ........................ 1890-1969
12 May - 31 Jul 1925 Lu Yung-t'ing (2nd Time)
(appointed by Tang Chi-yao of Yunnan)
Governors
01 Jan 1912 - 19 Sep 1913 Lu Yung-t'ing (Lu Rongting)
19 Sep - 24 Oct 1913 Wei Shao-kao (Wei Shaogao)
(acting)
24 Oct 1913 - 03 Jul 1915 Chang Ming-chi (Zhang Mingqi) .................... 1875-1945
03 Jul - 13 Jul 1915 Li Kuo-yün (Li Guoyun) ........................... 1878-1929
13 Jul 1915 - 06 Jul 1916 Wang Tsu-t'ung (Wang Zutong) ..................... 1861-1919
06 Jul - 19 Jul 1916 Lup P'ei-chin (Luo Peijin) ....................... 1878-1922
19 Jul - 08 Oct 1916 Chen P'ing-kun (Chen Bingkun) .................... s.a
08 Oct 1916 - 25 Jul 1917 Liu Chen-ken (Liu Cheng'en) ...................... 1863-1922
25 Jul - 21 Dec 1917 Chu Ching-lan (Zhu Qinglan) ...................... 1874-1941
21 Dec 1917 - 1918 Li Ching-ch'eng (Li Jingcheng) ................... 1867-1944
02 Jun 1918 - 1919 Chen P'ing-kun (2nd Time)
1919 - 15 Jul 1921 Li Ching-ch'eng (2nd Time)
15 Jul 1921 - 22 May 1922 Ma Chün-wu (Ma Junwu) ............................ 1882-1939
18 Jun 1922 - 21 Mar 1923 Chang Ch'i-huang (Zhang Qihuang) ................. 1877-1927
21 Mar 1923 - 06 Nov 1924 Lin Chün-t'ing (Lin Junting) ..................... s.a
(acting)
06 Nov 1924 - 31 Jul 1925 Liu Chen-huan (Liu Zhenhuan) ..................... s.a
(Southern government governor)
31 Jul 1925 - 04 May 1929 Huang Shao-hong (Huang Shaohong) ................. 1895-1966
04 May - 12 Jun 1929 Wu T'ing-yi (Wu Tingyi)
12 Jun - 05 Oct 1929 Yü Tso-pai (Yu Zuobai) ........................... 1889-1959
05 Oct 1929 - 15 Jun 1930 Lü Huan-yan (Lu Huanyan) ......................... 1892-1930
15 Jun 1930 - 13 Jul 1936 Huang Shao-hong (2nd Time)
13 Jul 1936 - 28 Nov 1949 Huang Hsü-ch'u (Huang Xuchu) ..................... 1893-1975
28 Nov - Dec 1949 Li P'in-hsien (Li Pinxian) ....................... 1891-1987
09 Nov - 30 Nov 1911 Provincial declaration of independence from Qing Empire
18 Jul - 03 Aug 1913 Provincial declaration of independence
06 Apr - 08 May 1916 Provincial declaration of independence
1927 - 1928 Hailufeng Soviet Worker-Peasant-Soldier government
1928 - 1936 Autonomous under warlord control
21 Oct 1938 - 31 Aug 1945 Occupied by Japan
16 Oct 1949 Communist control
Military Governors
09 Nov - 12 Dec 1911 Hu Han-min (Hu Hanmin) .......................... 1879-1936
12 Dec 1911 - 25 Apr 1912 Ch'en Chiung-ming (Chen Jiongming) .............. 1878-1933
25 Apr 1912 - 14 Jun 1913 Hu Han-min (2nd Time)
14 Jun - 03 Aug 1913 Ch'en Chiung-ming (2nd Time)
03 Aug 1913 - 06 Jul 1916 Lung Chi-kuang (Long Jiguang) ................... 1867-1925
10 Jul 1916 - 10 Apr 1917 Lu Jung-t'ing (Lu Rongting) ..................... 1859-1928
10 Apr - 29 Oct 1917 Chen P'ing-kun (Chen Bingkun) ................... 1868-1927
29 Oct - Nov 1917 Li Yao-han (Li Yaohan) .......................... 1878-1942
Nov 1917 - 26 Oct 1920 Mo Jung-hsin (Mo Rongxin) ....................... 1853-1930
29 Nov 1920 - 15 Jan 1923 Ch'en Chiung-ming (3rd Time)
20 Jan - 20 Mar 1923 Hsü Ch'ung-chih (Xu Chongzhi) ................... 1887-1965
20 Mar 1923 - 18 May 1924 Shen Hung-ying (Shen Hongying) .................. 1871-1938
18 May 1924 - Jul 1925 Lin Hu .......................................... 1887-1960
1928 - 1936 Chen Chi-tang (Chen Jitang) ..................... 1890-1954
("Heavenly King of the South")
Governors
12 Feb 1912 - 14 Jun 1913 Hu Han-min (1st Time) ........................... s.a
14 Jun 1913 Ch'en Chao-ch'ang (Chen Chaochang) .............. 1867-1914
(did not take office)
14 Jun - 13 Sep 1913 Lung Chi-kuang (Long Jiguang) (1st Time) ........ s.a
13 Sep 1913 - 26 May 1914 Li K'ai-shen (Li Kaishen) ....................... 1871-1929
26 May 1914 - 03 Jul 1915 Li Kuo-yün (Li Guoyun) .......................... 1878-1929
03 Jul - 18 Oct 1915 Chang Ming-ch'i (Zhang Mingqi) .................. s.a
18 Oct 1915 - 06 Jul 1916 Lung Chi-kuang (2nd Time)
06 Jul 1916 - 27 Aug 1917 Chu Ch'ing-lan (Zhu Qinglan) .................... 1874-1941
25 Jul - 31 Aug 1917 Liu Ch'en-ken (Liu Cheng'en) .................... 1863-1922
(appointed by Peking)
31 Jul 1917 - 20 Sep 1918 Li Yao-han (Li Yaohan) .......................... s.a
20 Sep 1918 - 12 Jun 1919 Chai Wang (Zhai Wang) ........................... 1877-1941
12 Jun 1919 Chang Chin-fang (Zhang Jinfang) ................. 1854-1921
12 Jun 1919 - 10 Nov 1920 Mo Jong-hsin (Mo Rongxin) ....................... s.a
10 Nov 1920 - 21 Apr 1922 Ch'en Chiung-ming (Chen Jiongming) .............. s.a
21 Apr - 27 Jun 1922 Wu T'ing-fang (Wu Tingfang) ..................... 1842-1922
27 Jun - 28 Aug 1922 Wei Pang-p'ing (Wei Bangping) ................... 1884-1935
28 Aug 1922 - 20 Jan 1923 Ch'en Hsi-ju (Chen Xiru) ........................ 1859-1937
20 Jan - 26 Jan 1923 Hu Hanmin (2nd Time)
22 Feb - 07 May 1923 Hsü Shao-chen (Xu Shaozhen) ..................... 1861-1936
07 May 1923 - 07 Feb 1924 Liao Chung-k'ai (Liao Zhongkai) (1st Time) ...... 1877-1925
07 Feb - 18 May 1924 Yang Shu-kan (Yang Shukan) ...................... 1881-1942
18 May - 13 Jun 1924 Yeh Chün (Ye Ju) ................................ 1881-1934
13 Jun - 13 Sep 1924 Liao Chung-k'ai (2nd Time)
13 Sep 1924 - 01 Jul 1925 Hu Han-min (3rd Time)
01 Jul - Aug 1925 Hsü Ch'ung-chih (Xu Chongzhi) ................... s.a
Aug 1925 - 10 Nov 1926 Ch'en Shu-jen (Chen Shuren) ..................... 1883-1948
Chairmen of the Government
13 Nov - 07 Dec 1926 Sun K'o (Sun Ke) ................................ 1891-1973
(acting)
07 Dec 1926 - 03 Jul 1928 Li Chi-shen (Li Jishen) ......................... 1886-1959
1927 - 1928 P'eng P'ai (Peng Pai) ........................... 1896-1929
(Chairman of the Hailufeng Soviet)
27 Nov 1928 - 12 May 1931 Ch'en Ming-shu (Chen Mingshu) ................... 1889-1965
12 May 1931 - 03 May 1936 Ch'en Chi-tang (Chen Jitang) .................... 1890-1954
Sep 1931 - May 1932 Wu Chao-shu (Wu Chaoshu) ........................ 1887-1934
(acting)
03 May - 13 Jul 1936 Lin Yün-kai (Lin Yungai) ........................ 1881-1948
(acting)
29 Jul 1936 - 20 Mar 1937 Huang Mu-sung (Huang Musong) .................... 1884-1937
24 Mar 1937 - 23 Dec 1938 Wu T'ieh-ch'eng (Wu Tiecheng) ................... 1888-1953
21 Oct 1938 - 10 May 1940 P'eng T'ung-yüan (Peng Dongyuan) ................ 1882-1944
(appointed by Nanjing)
23 Dec 1938 - 13 Aug 1945 Li Han-hun (Li Han-hun) ......................... 1895-1987
23 Apr - 08 Nov 1940 Ch'en Kong-po (Chen Gongbo) ..................... 1892-1946
(appointed by Nanjing)
08 Nov 1940 - 04 Apr 1944 Ch'en Yao-tsu (Chen Yaozu) ...................... 1892-1944
(appointed by Nanjing)
14 Apr 1944 - 26 Apr 1945 Ch'en Ch'un-p'u (Chen Chunpu) ................... 1900-1966
(appointed by Nanjing)
26 Apr - 13 Aug 1945 Ch'un Min-yi (Chu Minyi) ........................ 1884-1946
(appointed by Nanjing)
14 Aug 1945 - 20 Sep 1947 Luo Cho-ying (Luo Zhuoying) ..................... 1896-1961
20 Sep 1947 - 21 Jan 1949 Sung Tzu-wen (Song Ziwen) ....................... 1894-1971
21 Jan 1949 - 23 Apr 1950 Hsüeh Yüeh (Xue Yue) ............................ 1896-1998
(in Hainan from 15 Oct 1949, then Taiwan)
04 Nov - 30 Nov 1911 Kweichow split from Yunnan province and declares
independence from Qing Empire
27 Jan - 08 May 1916 Provincial declaration of independence
1921 - 1935 Autonomous under local warlords
Dec 1949 Under Communist government
Military Governors
04 Nov 1911 - 18 Mar 1912 Yang Chin-ch'eng (Yang Jincheng) ................ 1880-1922
18 Mar 1912 - 28 Sep 1913 T'ang Chi-yao (Tang Jiyao) ...................... 1881-1927
28 Sep 1913 - 13 Nov 1920 Liu Hsien-shih (Liu Xianshi) (1st Time) ......... 1870-1927
28 Jan 1921 - 02 Apr 1922 Lu T'ao (Lu Tao) ................................ 1882-1949
02 Apr - 09 Apr 1922 Liu Hsien-shih (2nd Time)
21 Apr 1922 - 12 Mar 1923 Yüan Tsu-ming (Yuan Zuming) ..................... 1889-1927
12 Mar 1923 - 23 Jan 1925 Tang Chi-yü (Tang Jiyu) ......................... 1890-1925
23 Jan - 17 Feb 1925 P'eng Han-chang (Peng Hanzhang) ................. 1890-1927
17 Feb 1925 - 01 Jun 1926 Wang T'ien-p'ei (Wang Tianpei) .................. 1888-1927
01 Jun 1926 - Oct 1928 Chou Hsi-ch'eng (Zhou Xicheng) .................. 1893-1929
Nov 1931 - 17 Apr 1935 Wang Chia-lieh (Wang Jialie) .................... 1893-1966
Governors
30 Nov 1911 - 10 Mar 1912 Chou P'ei-i (Zhou Peiyi) ........................ 1879-1958
10 Mar - 26 Apr 1912 T'ang Erh-yung (Tang Eryong)
26 Apr 1912 - 24 Jun 1913 T'ang Chi-yao (Tang Jiyao)
24 Jun 1913 - 13 Nov 1914 T'ai K'an (Dai Kan) (1st Time) .................. 1880-1917
13 Nov 1914 - 15 Jan 1916 Lung Chien-chang (Long Jianzhang) ............... 1872-19..
15 Jan - 06 Jul 1916 Liu Hsian-ch'ien (Liu Xianqian) ................. 1865-1937
06 Jul - 09 Aug 1916 T'ai K'an (2nd Time)
09 Aug 1916 - 13 Nov 1920 Liu Hsien-shih (Liu Xianshi) (1st Time)
28 Jan 1921 - Mar 1922 Jen K'o-ch'eng (Ren Kecheng) .................... 1878-1945
Mar - 18 Mar 1922 Wang Po-chün (Wang Boqun) ....................... 1885-1944
18 Mar 1922 - 12 Mar 1923 Yüan Tsu-ming (Yuan Zuming) (1st Time) .......... s.a
19 Apr 1923 - 17 Feb 1925 Liu Hsien-shih (2nd Time)
17 Feb 1925 - 01 Jun 1926 P'eng Han-chang (Peng Hanzhang) ................. s.a
01 Jun 1926 - 11 Jun 1929 Chou Hsi-ch'eng (Zhou Xicheng) .................. s.a
Chairmen of the Government
Jun - Jul 1929 Li Shen ......................................... 1889-1930
(interim)
02 Oct 1929 - 30 Mar 1932 Mao Kuang-hsiang (Mao Guangxiang) ............... 1893-1947
30 Mar - 26 Dec 1932 Wang Chia-lieh (Wang Jialie) (1st Time) ......... s.a
26 Dec 1932 - 08 Apr 1933 Yu Kuo-ts'ai (You Guocai) ....................... 1897-1950
(acting)
08 Apr 1933 - 17 Apr 1935 Wang Chia-lieh (2nd Time)
17 Apr 1935 - 02 Aug 1936 Wu Chung-hsin (Wu Zhongxin) ..................... 1884-1959
02 Aug 1936 - 12 May 1937 Ku Chu't'ung (Gu Zhutong) ....................... 1891-1987
12 May - 30 Sep 1937 Hsüeh Yüeh (Xue Yue) ............................ 1896-1998
(acting)
01 Oct - 20 Nov 1937 Sun Hsi-wen (Sun Xiwen) ......................... 1892-1948
(acting)
20 Nov 1937 - 18 Jan 1945 Wu T'ing-ch'ang (Wu Dingchang) .................. 1884-1950
18 Jan 1945 - 05 Apr 1948 Yang Sen ........................................ 1887-1977
05 Apr 1948 - Dec 1949 Ku Cheng-lun (Gu Zhenglun) ...................... 1890-1953
01 Jul 1941 Siping province created from part of Fengtian (under Manchukuo)
1945 Province of Liaochi created from Siping province
01 Jun 1946 Renamed Liaopeh (Liaobei)
21 Apr 1949 Incorporated into Liaodong
First Secretary of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party
01 Jun 1946 - 10 May 1949 T'ao Chu (Tao Zhu) .............................. 1908-1969
Governors of Siping for Manchukuo
01 Jul 1941 - Apr 1943 Hsü Chia-huan (Xu Jiahuan) ...................... 1892-1951
Apr 1943 - 17 Aug 1945 Chü Ping-shan (Qu Bingshan) ..................... 1901-19..
Chairmen of the Government
04 Sep 1945 - 18 Feb 1948 Liu Han-tung (Liu Handong) ...................... 1894-1950
1946 - 1947 Li Yü-wen (Li Yuwen)
(Communist)
1947 - 1949 Yen Pao-hang (Yan Baohang) ...................... 1895-1968
(Communist)
18 Feb 1948 - 1949 Hsü Liang (Xu Liang) ............................ 1893-1951
18 Sep 1931 - 20 Aug 1945 Part of Manchukuo
01 Dec 1934 Chinchow province separated from Fengtian
21 Nov 1945 Re-incorporated into Liaoning
21 Apr 1949 Re-constituted as Liao-hsi (Liaoxi)
19 Jun 1954 Re-incorporated into Liaoning
Secretaries of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party
1949 - 1952 Kuo Feng (Guo Feng) ............................. 1915-1985
1952 Yang Yin-chieh (Yang Yingjie) ................... 1912-1978
1952 - 1954 Yang I-ch'en (Yang Yichen) ...................... 1905-1980
Manchukuo Governors for Chinchow (Jinchou)
01 Dec 1934 - 30 Jun 1937 Hsü Shao (Xu Shou)
01 Jul 1937 - 28 Jul 1938 Wang Tsi-tung (Wang Zidong)
28 Jul 1938 - 11 Oct 1941 Kiang En-chih (Jiang Enzhi)
11 Oct 1941 - 20 Aug 1945 Wang Tuan-rui (Wang Duanrui)
Chairmen of the Government
1949 Luo Ch'eng-t'e (Luo Chengde) .................... 1909-1990
1949 - 1954 Yang I-ch'en (Yang Yichen)
01 Jul 1937 Mutankiang (Mudanjiang) province created from part of
Pinkiang province (part of Japanese controlled Manchukuo
01 Oct 1943 Incorporated into East Manchuria province
28 May 1945 Part of Dongan provinc
10 Apr 1946 Reconstituted as Suining province
01 Oct 1947 Renamed Mutankiang
Aug 1948 Incorporated into Songkiang
01 Aug 1954 Songkiang part of Heilungkiang
Secretary of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party
Jun 1946 - Aug 1948 Ho Wei (He Wei) ................................. 1910-1973
Governors (for Manchukuo to 1943)
01 Jul 1937 - 19 Aug 1938 Rikutaro Oshima ................................. 1884-1970
19 Aug 1938 - 18 Dec 1939 Saburo Shibuya
18 Dec 1939 - 30 Sep 1943 Kiyoshi Mitani
1946 - 1948 Chang Ching-chih (Zhang Jingzhi) ................ 1913-1968
(acting) (Communist)
17 Sep 1928 Ningxia province, split from Kansu
23 Sep 1949 Under Communist control
Governors
29 Jul - 20 Sep 1912 Ch'ang Lian (Chang Lian)
20 Sep 1912 - 31 Dec 1920 Ma Fu-hsiang (Ma Fuxiang) ....................... 1876-1932
07 Jan 1921 - Dec 1928 Ma Hung-pin (Ma Hongbin) ........................ 1883-1960
Chairmen of the Government
Dec 1928 - May 1929 Men Chin-chung (Men Zhizhong) ................... 1888-1960
May 1929 - 30 Aug 1930 Chi Hung-ch'ang (Ji Hongchang) .................. 1895-1934
May 1929 - May 1930 Feng An-pang (Feng Anbang) ...................... 1885-1938
(acting)
May - Oct 1930 Ma Hung-pin (Ma Hongbin)
(acting)
Oct 1930 - 09 Jun 1931 Ma Fu-shou (Ma Fushou) .......................... 1890-1961
13 Jun 1931 - 13 Oct 1949 Ma Hung-k'uei (Ma Hongkui) ...................... 1892-1970
18 Dec 1931 - 17 Aug 1945 Part of Manchukuo
01 Dec 1934 Lungkiang province created from southern Heilungkiang
04 Sep 1945 Nunkiang province created from majority of Lungkiang
24 Apr 1946 Under Communist control
07 Jan - 17 Sep 1947 Merged with Heilungkiang as Heinen
15 May 1949 Re-incorporated into Heilungkiang
First Secretaries of the Executive Committee of the Communist Party
09 Nov 1947 - 20 Oct 1948 Liu Hsi-wu (Liu Xiwu) ........................... 1904-1970
20 Oct 1948 - 15 May 1949 Ku Chuo-hsin (Gu Zhuoxin) ....................... 1910-2002
Manchukuo Governors for Lungkiang (Longjiang)
01 Dec 1934 - 25 May 1935 Sun Ch'i-chang (Sun Qichang) .................... s.
25 May 1935 - 30 Jun 1937 Chin Pi-dong (Jin Bidong) ....................... 1896-1941
01 Jul 1937 - 18 Aug 1939 Chao Pengno (Chao Bengno)
18 Aug 1939 - 28 Sep 1942 Huang Fushun .................................... s.a
28 Sep 1942 - 17 Aug 1945 Shen Chen-hsian (Shen Chenxian)
Chairmen of the Government
04 Sep 1945 - 24 Apr 1946 P'eng Chi-ch'ün (Peng Jiqun)
14 Nov 1945 - 15 May 1949 Yü I-fu (Yu Yifu) ............................... 1903-1982
(Communist [for Heinen 07 Jan-17 Sep 1947)
11 Nov - 27 Nov 1911 Provincial declaration of independence from Qing Empire
1911 - 1937 Under warlord control
May - 22 Jun 1917 Provincial declaration of independence
1938 - 1945 Japanese occupation
12 Aug 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
30 Oct - 17 Dec 1911 Sun Pao-ch'i (Sun Baoqi) ........................ 1867-1931
17 Dec 1911 - 19 Mar 1912 Hu Ying ......................................... 1884-1933
19 Mar - 28 Mar 1912 Yü Tse-ta (Yu Zeda)
(acting)
28 Mar 1912 - 18 Aug 1913 Chao Tzu-ch'i (Zhou Ziqi) ....................... 1869-1923
18 Aug 1913 - 30 May 1916 Chin Yün-p'eng (Jin Yunpeng) .................... 1877-1951
30 May 1916 - 20 Jun 1918 Chang Huai-chih (Zhang Huaizhi) ................. 1860-1934
28 Jun 1918 - 26 Dec 1919 Chang Shu-yüan (Zhang Shuyuan) .................. 1879-1934
26 Dec 1919 - 15 Oct 1923 T'ien Chung-yü (Tian Zhongyu) ................... 1869-1935
15 Oct 1923 - 24 Apr 1925 Cheng Shih-ch'i (Zheng Shiqi) ................... 1873-1935
24 Apr 1925 - 03 May 1928 Chang Tsung-ch'ang (Zhang Zongchang) ............ 1881-1932
Civil Governors
19 Mar 1912 - 18 Aug 1913 Chao Tzu-ch'i (Zhou Ziqi) ....................... s.a
18 Aug 1913 - 11 Feb 1914 T'ien Wen-lieh (Tian Wenlie) .................... 1853-1924
11 Feb - 09 May 1914 Kao Ching-ch'i (Gao Jingqi)
09 May 1914 - 06 Jul 1916 Ts'ai Ju-k'ai (Cai Rukai) ....................... 1869-1923
06 Jul - 07 Oct 1916 Sun Fa-hsü (Sun Faxu) ........................... 1871-19..
07 Oct 1916 - 27 Jun 1918 Chang Huai-chih (Zhang Huaizhi)
28 Jun 1918 - 12 Feb 1919 Chang Shu-yüan (Zhang Shuyuan)
12 Feb - 27 Jul 1919 Shen Ming-ch'ang (Shen Mingchang) ............... 1870-19..
27 Jul - 26 Dec 1919 Ch'ü Ying-kuang (Qu Yingguang) .................. 1883-1973
26 Dec 1919 - 24 Jun 1920 T'ien Chung-yü (Tian Zhongyu) (1st Time)
24 Jun - 20 Oct 1920 Ch'i Yao-shan (Qi Yaoshan) ...................... 1879-1946
20 Oct 1920 - 05 Apr 1922 T'ien Chung-yü (2nd Time)
05 Apr - 15 Jun 1922 Han Kuo-chün (Han Guojun) ....................... 1857-1942
15 Jun - 30 Sep 1922 Wang Hu ......................................... 1865-1933
30 Sep 1922 - 14 Nov 1924 Hsiung Ping-ch'i (Xiong Bingqi) ................. 1867-1931
14 Nov 1924 - 08 Jul 1925 Kung Chi-ping (Gong Jibing) ..................... 1871-1934
08 Jul 1925 - 20 Mar 1928 Chang Tsung-ch'ang (Zhang Zongchang) ............ s.a
20 Mar - 03 May 1928 Lin Hsia-tsu (Lin Xianzu) ....................... 1892-1980
Chairmen of the Government
21 May - 28 May 1928 Sun Liang-ch'eng (Sun Liangcheng) ............... 1893-1951
28 May 1928 - Apr 1929 Shih Ching-t'ing (Shi Jingting) ................. 1886-1969
Apr - 02 May 1929 Lu Hsiu-wen (Lu Xiuwen) ......................... 1886-19..
18 May 1929 - 12 Sep 1930 Ch'en T'iao-yüan (Chen Diaoyuan) ................ 1886-1943
12 Sep 1930 - 23 Jan 1938 Han Fu-chü (Han Fuju) ........................... 1890-1938
23 Jan 1938 - 09 Jan 1942 Shen Hung-lieh (Shen Honglie) ................... 1881-1969
05 Mar 1938 - Mar 1940 Ma Liang ........................................ 1875-1947
(Appointed by Nanjing)
Mar 1940 - 20 Feb 1945 T'ang Yang-tu (Tang Yangdu) ..................... 1888-1951
(Appointed by Nanjing)
Jun - Nov 1941 Yü Hsüeh-chung (Yu Xuezhong) .................... 1889-1964
09 Jan 1942 - 30 Dec 1944 Mou Chung-heng (Mou Zhonggeng) .................. 1889-1981
30 Dec 1944 - 23 Oct 1946 Ho Szu-yüan (He Siyuan) ......................... 1895-1982
20 Feb - Aug 1945 Yang Yü-hsün (Yang Yuxun) ....................... 1895-1947
(Appointed by Nanjing)
23 Oct 1946 - 30 Dec 1948 Wang Yao-wu (Wang Yaowu) .. ..................... 1904-1968
30 Dec 1948 - 12 Aug 1949 Ch'in Te-ch'un (Qin Dechun) ..................... 1893-1963
29 Oct - 30 Nov 1911 Provincial declaration of independence
1912 - 1948 Under warlord rule
15 Oct 1937 - 17 Aug 1945 Under Japanese occupation
15 Oct 1937 - 01 Sep 1939 North Shanxi (Jinbei) autonomous government
01 Sep 1939 Japanese North Shanxi merged with Mengkiang
22 Apr 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governor
29 Oct 1911 - 03 Jun 1927 Yen Hsi-shan (Yan Xishan) ....................... 1883-1960
Civil Governors
15 Mar - 24 Mar 1912 Li Sheng-to (Li Shengduo) ....................... 1859-1937
24 Mar - 15 Sep 1912 Chou Po (Zhou Bo)
15 Sep - 30 Dec 1912 Ku Ju-yung (Gu Ruyong) .......................... 1853-1916
30 Dec 1912 - 23 Jan 1913 Chang Jui-chi (Zhang Ruiji) ..................... 1872-1928
23 Jan - 04 Jun 1913 Chao Yüan (Zhao Yuan) ........................... 1857-1913
04 Jun 1913 - 26 May 1914 Ch'en Yü (Chen Yu) .............................. 1860-1919
26 May 1914 - 06 Jul 1916 Chin Yung (Jin Yong) ............................ 18..-1916
06 Jul - 07 Oct 1916 Shen Ming-ch'ang (Shen Mingchang) ............... 1870-1919
07 Oct 1916 - 03 Sep 1917 Sun Fa-hsü (Sun Faxu) ........................... 1871-19..
03 Sep 1917 - 10 Aug 1929 Yan Hsi-shan (Yan Xishan) ....................... s.a
Chairman of the Government
10 Aug 1929 - 11 Aug 1931 Shang Chen (Shang Zhen) ......................... 1888-1978
11 Aug 1931 - 27 May 1936 Hsü Yung-ch'ang (Xu Yongchang) .................. 1889-1959
27 May 1936 - 16 Mar 1938 Chao Tai-wen (Zhao Daiwen) ...................... 1895-1979
16 Mar 1938 - 29 Mar 1949 Yen Hsi-shan
29 Mar - 22 Apr 1949 Liang Hua-chih (Liang Huazhi) ................... 1906-1949
Japanese appointed governors
15 Oct 1937 - 01 Sep 1939 Hsia Kong (Xia Gong) ............................ 1872-1941
(Chairman of the North Shanxi Autonomous Government)
10 Dec 1937 - 28 Jan 1943 Su T'i-jen (Su Tiren) ........................... 1889-1979
(appointed by Beiping, from 1940 Nanjing)
28 Jan 1943 - 19 Jun 1944 Feng Szu-chih (Feng Sizhi) ...................... 1884-1949
(appointed by Nanjing)
19 Jun 1944 - 1945 Wang Chi (Wang Ji) .............................. 1885-1953
(appointed by Nanjing)
24 Oct - 30 Nov 1911 Shensi province delcares independence from Qing Empire
29 May - 22 Jun 1917 Provincial declaration of independence
May 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
23 Oct 1911 - 20 Jun 1914 Chang Feng-hui (Zhang Fenghui) .................. 1881-1958
20 Jun 1914 - 10 Jun 1916 Lu Chien-chang (Lu Jianzhang) ................... 1862-1918
10 Jun 1916 - 25 May 1921 Ch'en Shu-fan (Chen Shufan) ..................... 1885-1949
25 May - 23 Aug 1921 Yen Hsiang-wen (Yan Xiangwen) ................... 1875-1921
(acting)
23 Aug 1921 - 10 May 1922 Feng Yü-hsiang (Feng Yuxiang) ................... 1880-1948
(acting)
10 May 1922 - 01 May 1925 Liu Chen-hua (Liu Zhenhua) ...................... 1883-1956
01 May - 29 Aug 1925 Wu Hsin-t'ien (Wu Xintian) ...................... 1876-1955
29 Aug - 25 Dec 1925 Sun Yüeh (Sun Yue) .............................. 1878-1928
19 Jan - 11 Apr 1926 Li Yü-long (Li Yunlong) ......................... 1890-1954
(acting)
11 Apr - 31 May 1926 Li Hu-ch'en (Li Huchen) ......................... 1889-1954
31 May - 27 Nov 1926 Chin Yün-e (Jin Yune) ........................... 1879-1935
Civil Governors
12 Jul 1912 - 19 Oct 1913 Chang Feng-hui (Zhang Fenghui)
19 Oct 1913 - 14 Jan 1914 Kao Tseng-chüeh (Gao Zengjue) ................... 1863-1932
14 Jan - 17 Jul 1914 Sung Lien-k'uei (Song Liankui) .................. 1870-1951
17 Jul - 07 Oct 1914 Miu Ch'uan-shan (Niu Chuanshan) ................. 1877-1941
07 Oct 1914 - 10 Jun 1916 Lu Tiao-yüan (Lu Diaoyuan) ...................... 1865-1932
10 Jun - 29 Jul 1916 Ch'en Shu-fan (Chen Shufan) (1st Time) .......... s.a
29 Jul 1916 - 27 Feb 1917 Li Ken-yüan (Li Genyuan) ........................ 1879-1965
27 Feb 1917 - 23 Mar 1918 Ch'en Shu-fan (2nd Time)
23 Mar 1918 - 18 Jun 1922 Liu Chen-hua (Liu Zhenhua) (1st Time) ........... s.a
18 Jun - 05 Aug 1922 Chang Shao-tseng (Zhang Shaozeng) ............... 1871-1928
05 Aug 1922 - 01 May 1925 Liu Chen-hua (2nd Time)
01 May 1925 - 11 Apr 1926 Liu Chih-chou (Liu Zhizhou) ..................... 1882-1963
11 Apr 1926 - Oct 1927 Sun Yüeh (Sun Yue) .............................. s.a
Chairmen of the Government
Jun 1927 - 29 Oct 1930 Yü Yu-jen (Yu Youren) ........................... 1879-1964
Jun - Nov 1927 Shih Ching-t'ing (Shi Jingting) ................. 1884-1969
(acting)
Nov 1927 - Apr 1930 Sung Che-yüan (Song Zheyuan) .................... 1885-1940
(acting)
May - Jun 1928 T'ien Hsiung-fei (Tian Xiongfei) ................ 1888-19..
(acting)
Apr 1929 - 29 Oct 1930 Liu Yü-fen (Liu Yufen) .......................... 1886-1943
29 Oct 1930 - 04 May 1933 Yang Hu-ch'eng (Yang Hucheng) ................... 1893-1949
04 May 1933 - 05 Jan 1937 Shao Li-tzu (Shao Lizi) ......................... 1882-1967
Dec 1936 - Feb 1937 Wang I-shan (Wang Yishan) ....................... 1884-1955
(acting)
05 Jan 1937 - 16 Jun 1938 Sun Wei-ju (Sun Weiru) .......................... 1895-1979
16 Jun 1938 - 19 Jun 1941 Chiang Ting-wen (Jiang Dingwen) ................. 1895-1974
Feb 1939 - Jun 1941 Li Ken-yüan (Li Genyuan)
(acting)
19 Jun 1941 - 04 Mar 1944 Hsiung Pin (Xiong Bin) .......................... 1893-1964
04 Mar 1944 - 08 Jul 1948 Chu Shao-chou (Zhu Shouzhou) .................... 1893-1976
08 Jul 1948 - 05 Dec 1949 Tung Chao (Dong Zhao) ........................... 1901-1977
1912 - 1944 Under Xinjiang military clique
12 Nov 1933 - 06 Feb 1934 Islamic Republic of Eastern Turkestan (in rebellion)
12 Nov 1944 - 16 Jun 1946 East Turkestan Republic (in rebellion)
26 Sep 1949 Under Communist control (Nationalist resistence to Mar 1950)
Military Governors
15 Mar - 25 Apr 1912 Yüan Ta-hua (Yuan Dahua)
25 Apr - 07 May 1912 Yüan Hung-yu (Yuan Hongyou) ..................... 18..-1912
07 May 1912 - 06 Jul 1928 Yang Tseng-hsin (Yang Zengxin) .................. 1867-1928
14 Apr 1933 - 29 Aug 1944 Sheng Shih-ts'ai (Sheng Shicai) ................. 1897-1970
Governors
18 May 1912 - 07 Jul 1928 Yang Tseng-hsin (Yang Zengxin)
07 Jul - 09 Jul 1928 Fan Yaonan ...................................... 1879-1928
(acting)
Chairmen of the Government
09 Jul 1928 - 12 Apr 1933 Chin Shu-jen (Jin Shuren) ....................... 1879-1941
14 Apr 1933 - 18 Oct 1934 Liu Wen-long (Liu Wenlong) ...................... 1870-1950
(imprisoned by Sheng from Sep 1933)
Sep 1933 - 05 Mar 1934 Chu Ju-hsi (Zhu Ruishi) ......................... 1862-1934
(appointed by Sheng)
05 Mar 1934 - 29 Apr 1944 Sheng Shih-ts'ai (Sheng Shicai) ................. 1897-1971
29 Aug 1944 - 29 Mar 1946 Wu Chung-hsin (Wu Zhongxin) ..................... 1884-1959
29 Mar 1946 - 21 May 1947 Chang Chih-chung (Zhang Zhizhong) ............... 1891-1969
21 May 1947 - 31 Dec 1948 Mas'ud Sabri (Mai-szu-wu-te) .................... 1887-1951
31 Dec 1948 - 26 Sep 1949 Burhan Shahidi (Pao Erh-an) ..................... 1894-1989
(continues as a Communist governor to 1955)
26 Sep 1949 - 27 Jul 1971 Hadji Yolbars Khan .............................. 1889-1971
(in Taiwan exile from 1950)
1931 - 1945 Part of Manchukuo
01 Dec 1934 Pinkiang (Binjiang) province created from part of Heilungkiang
12 Jan 1946 Renamed Songkiang (Songjiang)
20 Jun 1946 Under Communist control
01 Aug 1954 Re-incorporated into Heilungkiang
First Secretaries of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party
1945 - 1946 Chang Hsiu-shan (Zhang Xiushan)
Aug 1948 - Jun 1952 Chang Ts'e (Zhang Ce) ........................... 1911-1999
Jun 1952 - 31 Jul 1954 Li Ch'ang-ch'ing (Li Changqing) ................. 1904-1960
Governors of Pinkiang (for Manchukuo)
01 Dec 1934 - 21 May 1935 Lü Rung-huan (Lu Ronghuan) ...................... 1890-1946
21 May - 25 May 1935 Han Yun-chie (Han Yunjie) ....................... 1894-1982
25 May 1935 - 30 Jun 1937 Yan Chuanrong ................................... 1896-1962
01 Jul 1937 - 17 Jan 1938 Shih Lü-pen (Shi Luben) ......................... 1885-1938
17 Jan 1938 - 16 May 1940 Wei Huan-chang (Wei Huanzhang) .................. 1892-195.
16 May 1940 - 20 Apr 1943 Yü Ching-tao (Yu Jingtao) ....................... 1896-1986
20 Apr 1943 - 16 Aug 1945 Wang Tsi-heng (Wang Ziheng)
Chairmen of the Government
04 Sep 1945 - 13 Nov 1947 Kuan Chi-Yü (Guan Jiyu) ......................... 1899-1975
(Nationalist)
01 Oct 1945 - 12 Jan 1946 Hsieh Yü-ch'in (Xie Yuqin)
(Communist)
12 Jan 1946 - 13 Nov 1947 Kuan Chi-yü (Guan Jiyu) ......................... 1899-1975
24 Apr 1946 - Jun 1952 Feng Chung-yün (Feng Zhongyun) .................. 1908-1968
(Communist)
13 Nov 1947 - 24 Apr 1948 Hong Fang (Hung Fang)
(Nationalist)
Jun 1952 - 31 Jul 1954 Ch'iang Hsiao-ch'u (Qiang Xiaochu) .............. 1918-2007
Oct 1912 Suiyüan special administrative region created from
part of Manchuria
17 Sep 1928 Suiyüan province
14 Oct 1937 - 02 Sep 1945 Japanese occupation of half of Suiyüan
19 Sep 1949 Under Communist control
19 Jun 1954 Part of Inner Mongolia
First Secretaries of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party
Jun 1949 - Aug 1952 Kao K'o-lin (Gao Kelin) ......................... 1907-2001
Aug 1952 - 19 Jun 1954 Ulaanchüü (=Yun Ze) (Wu-lam-fu) ................. 1906-1988
Governors
12 Oct 1912 - 21 Apr 1914 Chang Shao-tseng (Zhang Shaozeng) ............... 1871-1928
21 Apr 1914 - 07 Jan 1916 P'an Chü-ying (Pan Juying) ...................... 1882-1951
07 Oct 1916 - 27 Jul 1917 Chang Yen-hsing (Jiang Yanxing) ................. 1875-1941
27 Jul - 06 Aug 1917 Ch'en Kuang-yüan (Chen Guangyuan) ............... 1873-1939
06 Aug 1917 - 31 Dec 1920 Ts'ai Ch'eng-hsün (Cai Chengxun) ................ 1871-1946
31 Dec 1920 - 04 Jan 1925 Ma Fu-hsiang (Ma Fuxiang) ....................... 1876-1932
31 Dec 1920 - 26 May 1921 Chu Teng-kao (Zhu Denggao)
(acting)
04 Jan 1925 - 09 Jan 1926 Li Min-chung (Li Minzhong) ...................... 1887-1949
(acting)
09 Jan - 09 Sep 1926 Liu Yü-fen (Liu Yufen) .......................... 1886-1943
09 Sep 1926 - 13 Nov 1927 Shang Chen (Shang Zhen) ......................... 1888-1978
13 Nov 1927 - Jun 1928 Chi Chin-ch'un (Ji Jinchun) ..................... 1886-1943
Jun - 20 Oct 1928 Li P'ei-chi (Li Peiji) .......................... 1885-1970
Chairmen of the Government
20 Oct 1928 - 24 Aug 1929 Hsü Yung-ch'ang (Xu Yongchang) .................. 1887-1959
24 Aug 1929 - 19 Aug 1931 Li P'ei-chi
19 Aug 1931 - 15 Oct 1946 Fu Tso-i (Fu Zuoyi) ............................. 1893-1974
1937 - 1945 Wang Ying ....................................... 1895-1951
(appointed by Japan)
15 Oct 1946 - Dec 1949 Tung Ch'i-wu (Dong Qiwu) ........................ 1899-1989
(Communist from 19 Sep 1949)
Dec 1949 - Jun 1952 Yang Chih-lin (Yang Zhilin) ..................... 1911-1992
Aug 1952 - 19 Jun 1954 Ulaanchüü (Wu-lam-fu) ........................... s.a
22 Nov 1911 - 02 Feb 1912 Provincial delcaration of independence from Qing Empire
27 Nov 1911 Military government in Chengdu declares independence
04 Aug - 11 Sep 1913 Szechwan declared independent
1920 - 1934 No central government control
1934 Under Nationalist government
27 Dec 1949 Under Communist control
28 Mar 1950 Evacuation of last Nationalist forces
Military Governors
22 Nov 1911 - 12 Mar 1912 Chang P'ei-chüeh (Zhang Peijue) ................. 1879-1915
27 Nov - 08 Dec 1911 P'u Tien-chün (Pu Dianjun) ...................... 1875-1934
(in Chengdu)
22 Dec 1911 - 13 Jun 1913 Yin Ch'ang-heng (Yin Chengheng) ................. 1884-1952
13 Jun 1913 - 22 Jun 1915 Hui Ching-i (Hu Jingyi) ......................... 1878-1950
22 Jun 1915 - 24 May 1916 Ch'en Huan (Chen Huan) .......................... 1870-1954
24 May - 24 Jun 1916 Chao Chün (Zhou Jun) ............................ 1884-1923
24 Jun - 08 Nov 1916 Ts'ai O (Cai E) ................................. 1882-1916
08 Nov 1916 - 20 Apr 1917 Luo P'ei'chin (Luo Peijin) ...................... 1878-1922
20 Apr - 17 Jul 1917 Tai K'an (Dai Kan) .............................. 1880-1917
17 Jul - 03 Dec 1917 Chou Tao-kang (Zhou Daogang) .................... 1875-1953
18 Dec 1917 - Feb 1918 Liu Ts'un-hou (Liu Cunhou) (1st Time) ........... 1884-1962
Feb 1918 - 19 Nov 1919 Hsiong K'o-wu (Xiong Kewu) ...................... 1885-1970
30 Dec 1919 - 12 Feb 1921 Liu Ts'un-hou (2nd Time)
06 Jun 1921 - 24 May 1922 Liu Hsiang (Liu Xiang) (1st Time) ............... 1890-1938
24 May - 12 Jul 1922 Wang Ling-chi (Wang Lingji) ..................... 1883-1967
12 Jul 1922 - 28 Jul 1923 Liu Ch'eng-hsün (Liu Chengxun) .................. 1883-1944
28 Jul 1923 - 27 May 1924 Liu Hsiang (2nd Time)
27 May 1924 - 16 May 1925 Yang Sen ........................................ 1887-1977
16 May 1925 - 1926 Liu Hsiang (3rd Time)
1926 - 24 Jan 1927 Teng Hsi-hou (Deng Xihou) ....................... 1889-1945
24 Jan 1927 - 07 Dec 1928 Lai Hsin-hui (Lai Xinhui) ....................... 1884-1942
Governors
22 Dec 1911 - 12 Jul 1912 Yin Ch'ang-heng (Yin Changheng) ................. s.a
12 Jul 1912 - 16 Sep 1913 Chang P'ei-chüeh (Zhang Peijue) ................. s.a
24 Sep 1913 - 12 Mar 1915 Ch'en T'ing-chieh (Chen Tingjie) ................ 1875-1955
12 Mar - 01 May 1915 Liu Ying-tse (Liu Yingze)
(acting)
01 May 1915 - 14 Apr 1916 Chen Huan ....................................... s.a
(acting)
14 Apr - 24 May 1916 Huang Kuo-hsüan (Huang Guoxuan) ................. 1857-1919
24 May - 24 Jun 1916 Liu T'i-ch'ien (Liu Tiquan) ..................... 1880-1940
(acting)
24 Jun - Sep 1916 Ts'ai O (Cai E) ................................. s.a
Sep 1916 - Apr 1917 Luo P'ei'chin (Luo Peijin) ...................... s.a
Apr - Aug 1917 Tai K'an (Dai Kan) .............................. s.a
24 Aug 1917 - Dec 1920 Chang Lan (Zhang Lan) ........................... 1872-1955
30 Dec 1920 - Jun 1921 Hsiong K'o-wu (Xiong Kewu) ...................... s.a
06 Jun 1921 - 22 Dec 1922 Liu Hsiang (Liu Xiang) (1st Time)
22 Dec 1922 - Jul 1923 Liu Ch'eng-hsün (Liu Chengxun) .................. s.a
Jul 1923 - 19 Feb 1924 Liu Hsiang (2nd Time)
19 Feb - 27 May 1924 Yang Sen (1st Time) ............................. s.a
27 May 1924 - 06 Feb 1925 Teng Hsi-hou (Deng Xihou) ....................... s.a
06 Feb 1925 - 07 Nov 1928 Lai Hsin-hui (Lai Xinhui)
15 Aug 1926 - 24 Jan 1927 Yang Sen (2nd Time)
(in Wanzhou, Chongqing)
Chairmen of the Government
07 Nov 1928 - 21 Dec 1934 Liu Wen-hui (Liu Wenhui) ........................ 1895-1976
21 Dec 1934 - 22 Jan 1938 Liu Hsiang ...................................... s.a
22 Jan - 01 Aug 1938 Chang Ch'ün (Zhang Qun) (1st Time) .............. 1889-1990
22 Jan - May 1938 Teng Han-hsiang (Deng Hanxiang) ................. 1888-1879
(acting)
01 Aug 1938 - 19 Sep 1939 Wang Tsuan-hsü (Wang Zanxu) ..................... 1885-1960
19 Sep 1939 - 15 Nov 1940 He Kuo-kang (He Guoguang) ....................... 1885-1969
15 Nov 1940 - 14 May 1947 Chang Ch'ün (2nd Time)
14 May 1947 - 03 Apr 1948 Teng Hsi-hou (Deng Xihui) ....................... s.a
03 Apr 1948 - 11 Dec 1949 Wang Ling-chi (Wang Lingji) ..................... s.a
27 Dec 1949 - 28 Mar 1950 T'ang Shih-tsun (Tang Shizun) ................... 1883-1950
02 Jun 1895 - 25 Oct 1945 Taiwan part of Japanese Empire
25 Oct 1945 Restored to China
Apr 1947 Taiwan provinc
08 Dec 1949 - The defeated Republic of China,
retreats to Taiwan island
30 Jun 2018 Provincial government is de facto dissolved
Chairmen of the Government
25 Oct 1945 - 16 May 1947 Ch'en I (Chen Yi) .............................. 1883-1950
16 May 1947 - 05 Jan 1949 Wei Tao-ming (Wei Daoming) ...................... 1901-1978
05 Jan - 21 Dec 1949 Ch'eng Ch'eng (Chen Cheng) ...................... 1898-1965
21 Dec 1949 - 16 Apr 1953 Wu Gwo-jen (Wu Guozhen) ......................... 1903-1984
16 Apr 1953 - 07 Jun 1954 Yu Horng-jiun (Yu Hongju) ....................... 1897-1960
07 Jun 1954 - 16 Aug 1957 Yen Chia-kan (Yan Jiagen) ....................... 1905-1993
16 Aug 1957 - 01 Dec 1962 Chow Chih-jou (Zhou Zhirou) ..................... 1899-1986
01 Dec 1962 - 05 Jul 1969 Huang Chieh (Huang Jie) ......................... 1902-1994
05 Jul 1969 - 06 Jun 1972 Chen Ta-ching (Chen Daqing) ..................... 1905-1973
06 Jun 1972 - 20 May 1978 Shien Tung-min (Xie Dongming) ................... 1907-2001
12 Jun 1978 - 05 Dec 1981 Lin Yang-kang (Lin Yanggang) .................... 1927-2013
05 Dec 1981 - 20 May 1984 Lee Teng-hui (Li Denghui) ....................... 1923-2020
20 May - 08 Jun 1984 Liu Chao-tien (Liu Zhaotian) .................... 1920-
(acting)
09 Jun 1984 - 16 Jun 1990 Chiu Chuang-huan (Qiu Chuanghuan) ............... 1925-2020
16 Jun 1990 - 25 Feb 1993 Lien Chan (Lian Zhan) ........................... 1936-
27 Feb - 20 Mar 1993 Tu Teh-chi (Tu Deqi) ............................ 1934-2011
(acting)
20 Mar 1993 - 21 Dec 1998 Song Chu-yu (Song Chuyu) (=James Song) .......... 1942-
21 Dec 1998 - 20 May 2000 Chao Shou-po (Zhao Shoubo) ...................... 1941-
20 May 2000 - 01 Feb 2002 Chang Po-ya (Zhang Boya) ........................ 1942-
01 Feb 2002 - 10 Oct 2003 Fan Kuang-chun (Fan Guangqun) ................... 1939-
10 Feb 2003 - 25 Jan 2006 Lin Kuang-hua (Lin Guanghua) .................... 1945-
25 Jan 2006 - 07 Dec 2007 Jeng Peir-fuh (Zheng Peifu) ..................... 1954-
(acting)
21 Dec 2007 - 20 May 2008 Lin Si-yao (Lin Xiyao) .......................... 1961-
20 May 2008 - 10 Sep 2009 Tsai Hsu-hsiung (Cai Xunxiong) .................. 1941-
10 Sep 2009 - 26 Feb 2010 Chang Jun-Fu (Zhang Jinfu) ...................... 1948-
26 Feb 2010 - 20 May 2016 Lin Junq-tzer (Lin Zhengze) ..................... 1944-
20 May - 30 Jun 2016 Shih Jun-ji (Shi Junji) ......................... 1955-
(acting)
01 Jul 2016 - 05 Nov 2017 Hsu Jan-yau (Xu Zhangyao) ....................... 1951-
06 Nov 2017 - 30 Jun 2018 Wu Tze-cheng (Wu Zecheng) ....................... 1945-
1912 Tsinghai province, split from Tibet
Jan 1929 Tsinghai (Qinghai) province
05 Sep 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governors
1911 - 14 Jul 1912 Ch'ing Shu (Qing Shu)
14 Jul - 31 Aug 1912 Ma Fu-hsiang (Ma Fuxiang) ....................... 1876-1932
31 Aug 1912 - 06 Sep 1915 Lien Hsing (Lian Xiang)
Oct 1915 - Dec 1928 Ma Ch'i (Ma Qi) ................................. 1869-1931
Chairman of the government
24 Sep 1928 - 10 Mar 1933 Sun Lien-chung (Sun Lianzhong) .................. 1893-1990
06 Jan 1931 - 10 Mar 1933 Ma Ch'i (Ma Qi)
(acting)
May 1931 - 16 May 1936 Ma Lin .......................................... 1873-1945
16 May 1936 - 05 Sep 1949 Ma Pu-fang (Ma Bufang) .......................... 1903-1975
30 Oct - 30 Nov 1911 Yunnan declares independence from Qing Empire
1911 - 1945 Under Warlord control
01 Jan - 08 May 1916 Provincial declaration of independence
1950 Under Communist control
Military governors
30 Oct 1911 - 28 Sep 1913 Ts'ai O (Cai E) ................................. 1882-1916
28 Sep - 04 Oct 1913 Hsieh Ju-i (Xie Ruyi) ........................... 1879-1914
(acting)
04 Oct 1913 - 07 Feb 1921 T'ang Chi-yao (Tang Jiyao) (1st Time) ........... 1881-1927
07 Feb 1921 - 25 Mar 1922 Ku P'in-chen (Gu Pinzhen) ....................... 1883-1922
25 Mar 1922 - 08 Mar 1927 T'ang Chi-yao (2nd Time)
Civil governors
12 Jul 1912 - 28 Jan 1913 Ts'ai O (Cai E) ................................. s.a
28 Jan - 14 Oct 1913 Lo P'ei-chin (Luo Peijin) ....................... 1878-1922
14 Oct 1913 T'ang Chi-yao (Tang Jiyao) (1st Time)
14 Oct 1913 - 28 Apr 1914 Li Hung-hsiang (Li Hongxiang) ................... 1879-1963
28 Apr - 10 Aug 1914 T'ang Chi-yao (2nd Time)
10 Aug 1914 - 29 Dec 1915 Jen K'o-ch'eng (Ren Kecheng) (1st Time) ......... 1878-1945
29 Dec 1915 - 20 Mar 1916 Liu Tsu-wu (Liu Zuwu) ........................... 1886-1922
20 Mar - 07 Jun 1916 Lung Chin-kuang (Long Jinguang) ................. 1863-1917
07 Jun - 05 Sep 1916 Jen K'o-ch'eng (2nd Time)
05 Sep 1916 - 07 Feb 1921 T'ang Chi-yao (3rd Time)
07 Feb 1921 - 25 Mar 1922 Ku Pin-chen (Gu Pinzhen)
(acting)
20 Mar 1922 - 23 May 1927 T'ang Chi-yao (4th Time)
23 May - Aug 1927 Ho Ju-yü (Hu Ruoyu) ............................. 1895-1949
Chairmen of the government
Aug 1927 - 02 Oct 1945 Lung Yün (Long Yun) ............................. 1884-1962
02 Oct 1945 - 20 Nov 1945 Li Tsung-huang (Li Zonghuang) ................... 1887-1978
20 Nov 1945 - 09 Dec 1949 Lu Han .......................................... 1895-1974
09 Dec 1949 - 14 Jan 1950 Li Mi ........................................... 1902-1973
(in Western Yunnan to 1954)
1421 Capital of China (known in the west as "Peking")
May 1914 Shün-t'ien (Shuntian) prefecture separated from Zhili
04 Oct 1914 Ching-chao (Jingzhao) district capital
1918 - 1928 Renamed Ching-tu (Jingdu)
30 May 1928 Capital moved to Nanking
20 Jun 1928 - 27 Sep 1949 Renamed Pei-p'ing (Beiping)
21 Jun - Dec 1930 Incorporated into Hepei
30 Jul 1937 - 15 Aug 1945 Under Japanese occupation
23 Jan 1949 Under Communist control
Mayors
15 Mar - 24 Dec 1912 Ting Nai-yang (Ding Naiyang) .................... 1868-19..
24 Dec 1912 - 19 Sep 1913 Chang Kuang-chien (Zhang Guangjing) ............. 1864-1958
16 Oct 1913 - 23 Mar 1914 Wang Chih-hsin (Wang Zhixin) (1st Time) ......... 1868-1914
23 Mar 1914 - 26 Sep 1915 Shen Chin-chien (Shen Jinjiang) ................. 1875-1924
26 Sep 1915 - 03 Aug 1920 Wang Ta (Wang Da) ............................... 1881-1946
01 Jul - 17 Jul 1917 Chiang Ch'ao-tsung (Jiang Chaozong) ............. 1861-1943
(appointed by Qing restoration)
03 Aug - 18 Sep 1920 Wang Hu ......................................... 1865-1933
18 Sep 1920 - 19 May 1922 Sun Chen-chia (Sun Zhenjia) ..................... 1858-19..
19 May 1922 - 05 Mov 1924 Liu Meng-keng (Liu Menggeng) .................... 1881-1938
05 Nov - 31 Dec 1924 Wang Chih-hsiang (Wang Zhixiang) ................ 1858-1930
01 Jan - 20 Oct 1925 Hsüeh Tu-pi (Xue Dubi) .......................... 1892-1973
20 Oct 1925 - 04 Sep 1926 Liu Chi (Liu Ji) ................................ 1887-1965
04 Sep 1926 - 24 Sep 1927 Li Yüan (Li Yuan) ............................... 1879-19..
24 Sep 1927 - 03 Jun 1928 Chang Chi-hsin (Zhang Jixin) .................... 1874-19..
04 Jun - 25 Jun 1928 Li Sheng-pei (Li Shengpei) ...................... 1899-1955
(acting)
25 Jun - 13 Jul 1928 Ho Ch'eng-chun (He Chengchun) ................... 1882-1961
(acting)
13 Jul 1928 - 12 Jun 1929 Ho Ch'i-kung (He Qigong) ........................ 1899-1955
12 Jun 1929 - 27 Feb 1931 Chang Win-yu (Zhang Yinwu) ...................... 1891-1949
27 Feb 1931 - 16 Jun 1933 Chou Ta-wen (Zhou Dawen) ........................ 1895-1971
16 Jun 1933 - 01 Nov 1935 Yüan Liang (Yuan Liang) ......................... 1882-1953
01 Nov - 08 Nov 1935 Sung Che-yüan (Song Zheyuan) .................... 1885-1940
(acting)
08 Nov 1935 - 14 Aug 1945 Ch'in Te-ch'un (Qin Chun) ....................... 1893-1963
(fled 28 Jul 1937)
28 Jul - 06 Aug 1937 Chang Chi-chong (Zhang Zhizhong) ................ 1891-1940
06 Aug 1937 - 07 Jan 1938 Chiang Ch'ao-tsung (2nd Time) ................... 1861-1943
(Japanese appointed Mayor)
07 Jan 1938 - 09 Feb 1943 Yü Chih-ho (Jin Yu) ............................. 1887-1943
(appointed by Nanjing)
09 Feb 1943 - 20 Feb 1945 Liu Yü-shu (Liu Yushu) .......................... 1884-1946
(appointed by Nanjing)
20 Feb - 16 Aug 1945 Hsü Hsiu-chih (Xu Xiuzhi) ....................... 1880-1954
(appointed by Nanjing)
16 Aug 1945 - 15 Jul 1946 Hsiung Pin (Xiong Bin) .......................... 1894-1964
15 Jul 1946 - 22 Jun 1948 Ho Szu-yüan (He Siyuan) ......................... 1896-1982
22 Jun 1948 - 04 Feb 1949 Liu Yao-chang (Liu Yao Zhang) ................... 1897-1993
20 Nov 1937 - 05 May 1946 Provisional capital
14 Oct - 30 Nov 1949 Provisional capital
30 Nov 1949 Under Communist control
Mayors
Nov 1921 - Aug 1922 Yang Sen (1st Time) ............................. 1884-1977
Feb 1923 - 192. T'eng Hsi-hou (Deng Xihou) ...................... 1889-1964
Jun - Jul 1926 T'ang Shi-tsun (Tang Shizun) .................... 1885-1950
Jul 1926 - Jun 1935 P'an Wen-hua (Pan Wenhua) ....................... 1886-1950
24 Jun 1935 - 11 Apr 1936 Chang P'i-kuo (Zhang Biguo) ..................... 1891-1936
11 Apr 1936 - 01 Aug 1938 Li Hung-k'un (Li Hongkun) ....................... 1893-1949
01 Aug 1938 - 05 May 1939 Chiang Chih-ch'eng (Jiang Zhideng) .............. 1885-1969
15 May - 05 Dec 1939 Ho Kuo-kuang (He Guoguang) ...................... 1903-1984
08 Dec 1939 - 16 Dec 1942 Wu Kuo-chen (Wu Guozhen) ........................ 1889-1961
16 Dec 1942 - Nov 1945 Ho Yao-tsu (He Yaozu) ........................... 1892-1958
Dec 1945 - Apr 1948 Chang Tu-lun (Zhang Dulun) ...................... 1892-1958
Apr 1948 - 30 Nov 1949 Yang Sen (2nd Time)
16 Mar 1898 Harbin founded by Russia
12 Dec 1917 - 28 Feb 1918 Attempted takeover by Russian Bolsheviks
30 Mar 1926 Council of the Chinese Eastern Railway Zone abolished
01 Sep 1926 Harbin Special Municipality
05 Feb 1932 - 20 Aug 1945 Occupied by Japan
09 Mar 1932 - 20 Aug 1945 Part of Manchukuo
01 Jul 1937 Incorporated into Bin-chiang province
20 Aug 1945 - 28 Apr 1946 Soviet occupation
28 Apr 1946 Under Communist control
Civil Administrator
1923 - 1926 Chang Huan-hsiang (Zhang Huaxiang) .............. 1882-1962
Mayors
1926 Fu Kuei-cheng
1926 Chang T'ing-ke (Zhang Tingge) ................... 1875-1954
1926 - 1928 Ch'u Xh'en (Chu Zhen)
1928 - 1930 Ho Yü-fang (He Yufang)
1930 - 1932 Sung Wen-yü (Song Wenyu) ........................ 1883-1953
1932 Pao Kuan-ch'eng (Bao Guancheng) ................. 1898-1975
1932 - 1934 Lu Jung-huan (Lu Ronghuan) ...................... 1890-1946
1934 - 1937 Shih Lu-pen (Shi Luben) ......................... 1878-1938 1937 - 1938 Wei Huang-chang (Wei Huanzhang) ................. 1892-1945
1938 - 1939 Feng Kuang-min (Feng Guangmin) .................. 1881-1954
1939 - 1942 Chao Chen (Zhao Chen)
1942 - 1945 Yüan Ch'ing-lien (Yuan Qinglian)
1945 - 1946 Chang T'ing-ke (2nd Time)
1946 Yang Ch'o-an (Yang Chuoan) ...................... 1895-1955
10 Sep 1917 - 18 Apr 1927 Capital of Nationalist China
28 May - 22 Dec 1931 Capital of China
21 Oct 1938 - 16 Sep 1945 Occupied by Japan
14 Oct 1949 Under Communist control
Mayors
15 Feb 1921 - Jul 1922 Sun Fo/Sun Ke "Zhesheng" ........................ 1891-1973
Nov 1927 - May 1928 Kan Nai-kuang (Gai Naiguang) .................... 1897-1956
May 1928 - Jun 1931 Lin Yün-kai (Lin Yungai) "Yigong" ............... 1883-1948
Jun 1931 - Mar 1932 Ch'eng T'ien-ku (Cheng Tiangu) .................. 1889-1974
Mar 1932 - Aug 1936 Liu Ch'i-wen (Li Jiwen) ......................... 1890-1957
Aug 1936 - 21 Oct 1938 Tseng Yang-fu (Zeng Yangfu) ..................... 1898-1969
21 Oct 1938 - Oct 1941 P'eng Tung-yüan (Peng Dongyuan) ................. 1879-1954
(appointed by Nanking)
Oct 1941 - 02 Jun 1942 Chou Hua-jen (Zhou Huaren) ...................... 1903-1976
(appointed by Nanking)
02 Jun - 27 Oct 1942 Ch'en Yao-tsu (Chen Yaozu) ...................... 1892-1944
(appointed by Nanking)
27 Oct 1942 - 02 Feb 1943 Chou Ying-hsiang (Zhou Yingxiang)
(appointed by Nanking)
02 Feb - 21 Sep 1943 Wang Ch'i (Wang Qi)
(appointed by Nanking)
21 Sep 1943 - 16 Sep 1945 Cheung Cheuk Kwan
(appointed by Nanking)
16 Sep 1945 - 26 Jun 1946 Ch'en Ts'e (Chen Ce) ............................ 1893-1949
26 Jun 1946 - 06 Oct 1949 Ou-yang Chü (Ouyang Ju) ......................... 1896-1958
18 Apr 1927 Capital of China
25 May 1927 Nanjing special municipality split from Jiangsu
13 Dec 1937 - 10 Aug 1945 Japanese occupation
23 Apr 1949 Under Communist control
Mayors
1912 Chuang Yun-kuan (Zhuang Yunkuan) ................ 1867-1932
- 29 Oct 1912 Shen Ping-kun (Shen Bingkun) .................... 1862-1913
1914 - 1916 Liuen Yüan (Liuen Yuan)
1916 - 1917 Feng Kuo-chang (Feng Guozhang) .................. 1859-1919
1917 - 12 Oct 1920 Li Chun ......................................... 1867-1920
1920 - 1923 Sun Duo-yu (Sun Duoyu) .......................... 1882-1951
1923 - 1924 Chi Hsien-yüan (Qi Xienyuan) .................... 1885-1946
1924 - 1925 Tsung Lim (Zung Lim) ............................ 1856-1933
1925 - 1927 Ch'en Yen (Chen Yen) ............................ 1883-1952
25 May - 27 Aug 1927 Liu Chi-wen (Liu Jiwen) (1st Time) .............. 1890-1957
27 Aug 1927 - 14 Jul 1928 He Min-hun (He Minhun)
14 Jul 1928 - 14 Apr 1930 Liu Chi-wen (2nd Time)
14 Apr 1930 - 06 Jan 1932 Mao T'ao-ming (Wei Daoming) ..................... 1899-1978
31 Jan - 24 Mar 1932 Ku Cheng-lun (Gu Zhenglun) ...................... 1890-1953
24 Mar 1932 - 27 Mar 1935 Shih Ying (Shi Ying) ............................ 1879-1943
27 Mar 1935 - 06 Nov 1946 Ma Ch'ao-chün (Ma Chaojun) ...................... 1886-1977
(in Wuhan internal exile 1937-45)
22 Nov 1937 - 19 Feb 1938 John Rabe ....................................... 1882-1950
(chairman International Safety Zone Committee)
23 Dec 1937 - 15 Mar 1938 T'ao Pao-chin (Tao Baojin) (=Tao Hsi-san) ....... 1875-1948
(Chairmen of the municipal self-government committee)
24 Apr - 12 Sep 1938 Jen Yüan-tao (Ren Yuandao) ...................... 1891-1980
(Appointed by Hongzhi)
12 Sep 1938 - 20 Jun 1940 Kao Kuan-wu (Gao Guanwu) ........................ 1892-1957
(appointed by Hongzhi)
20 Jun 1940 - 16 Jan 1942 Ts'ai P'ei (Cai Pei) ............................ 1884-1960
(Appointed by Nanking)
16 Jan 1942 - 16 Aug 1945 Chou Hsüeh-ch'ang (Zhou Xuechang) ............... 1898-1952
(Appointed by Nanking)
06 Nov 1946 - 24 Dec 1948 Shen I (Shen Yi) ................................ 1901-1980
13 Dec 1948 - 23 Apr 1949 T'eng Chieh (Teng Jie) .......................... 1906-2004
03 Nov - 30 Nov 1911 Independence declared from Qing Empire
18 Jul - 28 Jul 1913 Independence declared
1926 - 1927 Songhu commercial region declared by the Zhili clique
(not recognised by the Republic of China)
28 Jan - 03 Mar 1932 Japanese invasion (Shanghai incident)
07 Jul 1937 - 02 Sep 1945 Japanese occupation
05 Dec 1937 - 03 May 1938 Dadao ("Great Way") government of Shanghai (Japanese puppet state)
27 May 1949 Under Communist control
Military Governor
04 Nov 1911 - 31 Jul 1912 Ch'en Ch'i-mei (Chen Qimei) (1st Time) .......... 1878-1916
18 Jul - 28 Jul 1913 Ch'en Ch'i-mei (2nd Time)
Governor
15 Mar - 19 Nov 1912 Li P'ing-shu (Li Pingshu) ....................... 1854-1927
Director of the Commercial Bureau
05 May 1926 - 1927 Ting Wen-chiang (Ding Wenjiang) ................. 1887-1936
Chairmen of the Provisional Municipal Committee
1927 Luo I-nung (Luo Yinong) ......................... 1902-1928
1927 Wang Hsiao-lai (Wang Xiaolai) ................... 1886-1967
1927 Niu Yung-chien (Niu Yongjian) ................... 1870-1965
07 Apr - 18 May 1927 Chiang Tsun-kuei (Jiang Zungai) ................. 1882-1931
Mayors
18 May - 13 Aug 1927 Huang Fu ........................................ 1883-1936
15 Aug - 16 Sep 1927 Wu Chen Hsiu (Wu Zhen Xiu) ...................... 1883-1966
(acting)
16 Sep 1927 - 27 Mar 1929 Chang T'ing-fan (Zhang Boquan) .................. 1891-1945
28 Mar 1929 - 06 Jan 1932 Chang Ch'ün (Chang Qun) ......................... 1889-1990
07 Jan 1932 - 10 Apr 1937 Wu T'ieh-ch'eng (Wu Tiecheng) ................... 1888-1953
10 Apr 1937 - 14 Aug 1945 Yü Hung-chün (Yu Hongjun) ....................... 1898-1960
05 Dec 1937 - 16 Oct 1938 Su Hsi-wen (Su Xiwen) (1st Time) ................ 1889-1945
(Mayor of the Dadao municipal government)
16 Oct 1938 - 11 Oct 1940 Fu Zongyao (Fu Xiaoan) .......................... 1872-1940
(Mayor of the Dadao municipal government)
11 Oct - 19 Nov 1940 Su Hsi-wen (2nd Time)
19 Nov 1940 - 11 Nov 1944 Ch'en Kung-po (Chen Gongbo) ..................... 1892-1946
(appointed by Nanjing)
12 Nov 1944 - 14 Jan 1945 Wu Sung-hao (Wu Song Gao) ....................... 1898-1953
(appointed by Nanjing)
14 Jan – 12 May 1945 Chou Fo-hai (Zhou Fohai) ........................ 1897-1948
(appointed by Nanjing)
14 Aug 1945 - 14 May 1946 Ch'ien Ta-chün (Qian Dajun) ..................... 1893-1982
14 May 1946 - 05 May 1949 Wu Kuo-chen (Wu Guozhen) ........................ 1903-1984
30 Apr - 24 May 1949 Ch'en Liang (Chen Liang) ........................ 1896-1994
(acting)
24 May - 28 May 1949 Chao Tsu-kang (Chao Zukang) ..................... 1900-1995
1927 - 1932 Shenyang Special Municipality
19 Sep 1931 - 20 Aug 1945 Occupied by Japan (part of Manchukuo)
09 Mar 1932 - 20 Aug 1945 Renamed Shenking
02 Nov 1948 Under Communist control
Mayors (for Manchukuo 1931-45)
1926 - 1932 Li Te-hsin (Li Dexin) ........................... 1894-19..
1932 - 1933 Chao Hsin-po (Zhao Xinbo) ....................... 1890-1951
1933 - 1935 Yen Ch'uan-fu (Yan Chuanfu) ..................... 1894-1962
1935 - 1937 Wang Ch'ing-chang (Wang Qingzhang) .............. 1894-19..
1937 - 1938 Chin Jung-kuei (Jun Ronggui) .................... 1876-1944
1938 - 1942 Cheng Yü (Zheng Yu) ............................. 1898-1954
1942 - 1944 Wang Hsien-wei (Wang Xianwei) ................... 1905-1983
1944 - 1945 Fan P'ei-chung (Fan Peizhong)
1945 - 1946 Pai Hsi-ch'ing (Bai Xiqing) ..................... 1904-1997
1946 - 1947 Tung Wen-ch'i (Dong Wenchi) ..................... 1901-19..
1947 - 1948 Chin Chen (Jin Zhen) ............................ 1898-1975
1927 Sian special municipality split from Shensi
07 Jan 1933 - 1943 Renamed Hsi-ching
20 May 1949 Under Communist control
Mayors
1927 - 1930 Hsiao Chen-ying (Xiao Zhenying) ................. 1890-1947
1930 - 1932 Yang Mu-shih (Yang Mushi) ....................... 1889-1945
1932 - 1945 Chang Chi (Zhang Ji) ............................ 1882-1947
(Chairman of the Hsi-ching prepartory comission)
1932 - 1946 Lu Han-ch'ing (Lu Hanching)
1946 Chang Tan-po (Zhang Danbo)
1946 - 1949 Wang Yu-chih (Wang Youzhi) ...................... 1902-1992
01 Jul 1967 - Taipei special municipality
Mayors
01 Nov 1945 – 28 Feb 1946 Huang Chao-chin (Huang Chaochin)
01 Mar 1946 – 05 Feb 1950 Yü Mi-hsien (Yu Mixian)
06 Feb – Nov 1950 Wu San-lien (Wu Sanlien) (1st Time)
Nov 1950 – 31 Jan 1951 Hsiang Chang-Chuan (Xiang Changjuan)
01 Feb 1951 – 02 Jun 1954 Wu San-lien (2nd Time)
02 Jun 1954 – 02 Jun 1957 Kao Yu-shu (Gao Yushu) (1st Time) ............... 1913-2005
02 Jun 1957 – 02 Jun 1964 Huang Chui-jui (Huang Chuijui)
02 Jun 1964 – 10 Jun 1972 Kao Yu-shu (2nd Time)
10 Jun 1972 – 11 Jun 1976 Chang Feng-shu (Zhang Fengshu) .................. 1928-2014
11 Jun 1976 – 09 Jun 1978 Lin Yang-kang (Lin Yanggang) .................... 1927-2013
09 Jun 1978 – 04 Dec 1981 Lee Teng-hui (Li Denghui) ....................... 1923-2020
04 Dec 1981 – 19 Apr 1982 Shao En-hsin (Shao Enxin) ....................... 1924-2014
19 Apr 1982 – 30 May 1985 Yang Chin-tsung (Yang Jincong) .................. 1923-1990
30 May 1985 – 25 Jul 1988 Hsu Shui-teh (Xu Shuide) ........................ 1931-2021
25 Jul 1988 – 02 Jun 1990 Wu Po-hsiung (Wu Boxiong) ....................... 1939-
02 Jun 1990 – 25 Dec 1994 Huang Ta-chou (Huang Dazhou) .................... 1936-
25 Dec 1994 – 25 Dec 1998 Chen Shui-bian (Chen Shuibian) .................. 1950-
25 Dec 1998 – 25 Dec 2006 Ma Ying-jeou (Mas Yingjiu) ...................... 1950-
25 Dec 2006 – 25 Dec 2014 Hau Lung Pin (Hao Longbin) ...................... 1952-
25 Dec 2014 - 25 Dec 2022 Ko Wen-je (Ke Wezhen) ........................... 1959-
25 Dec 2022 - Chiang Wan-an (Juang Wa'an) ..................... 1978-
1860 - 1945 Tientsin foreign consessions ceded to Austria-Hungary, Belgium,
France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Russia and the Unites States
30 Jul 1937 - 30 Sep 1945 Japanese occupation
1941 - 1945 Japanese occupation of remaining foreign Concessions
15 Jan 1949 Under Communist control
Mayors
26 Jun - 08 Sep 1928 Nan Kuei-hsing (Nan Guixing) .................... 1884-1966
08 Sep 1928 - 21 Mar 1931 Ts'ui T'ing-hsien (Cui Tingxian) ................ 1875-1942
21 Mar - 09 Dec 1931 Chang Hsüeh-ming (Zhang Xueming) ................ 1908-1983
09 Dec 1931 - 25 Jun 1933 Chou Lung-kuang (Zhou Longgua) .................. 1885-19..
25 Jun 1933 - 09 Nov 1934 Yü Hsüeh-chung (Yu Xuezhong) .................... 1890-1964
09 Nov 1934 - 06 Jun 1935 Chang T'ing-e (Zhang Tinge) ..................... 1890-1973
06 Jun - 18 Jun 1935 Wang K'o-min (Wang Kemin) ....................... 1873-1945
(acting)
18 Jun - 25 Jun 1935 Shang Chen (Shang Zhen) ......................... 1888-1978
(acting)
25 Jun - 12 Dec 1935 Ch'eng K'o (Cheng Ke) ........................... 1878-1936
12 Dec 1935 - 17 Jun 1936 Hsiang Chen-ying (Xiang Zhenying) ............... 1890-1947
18 Jun 1936 - 16 May 1940 Chang Tzu-chung (Zhang Zizhong) ................. 1891-1940
(fled July 1937)
01 Aug 1937 - 07 Jan 1938 Ts'ao Ling-wei (Cao Lingwei) .................... 1870-1940
(appointed by Japan)
07 Jan 1938 - 28 Apr 1939 P'an Yü-kuei (Pan Yugui) ........................ 1884-1961
(appointed by Nanking)
28 Apr 1939 - 19 Mar 1943 Wen Shih-chen (Wang Shizhen) .................... 1877-1951
(appointed by Nanking)
19 Mar - 17 Oct 1943 Wang Hsü-kao (Wang Xugao) ....................... 1890-1951
(appointed by Nanking)
17 Oct - 15 Nov 1943 Li P'eng-t'u (Li Pengtu) ........................ 1893-19..
(appointed by Nanking)
15 Nov 1943 - 01 Mar 1945 Chang Jen-li (Zhang Renli) ...................... 1900-1951
(appointed by Nanking)
01 Mar - 29 Sep 1945 Chou Ti-p'ing (Zhou Diping)
(appointed by Nanking)
14 Aug 1945 - 23 Oct 1946 Chang T'ing-e (2nd Time)
23 Oct 1946 - 15 Jan 1949 Tu Chien-shih (Du Jianshi) ...................... 1906-1989
06 Mar 1898 - 07 Nov 1914 German leased territory (Kiautschou)
07 Nov 1914 - 10 Dec 1922 Occupied by Japan
10 Dec 1922 Restored to China
1922 - 1929 Kiao'ao commercial region
1929 - 1949 Tsingtao special municipality (split from Shantung)
10 Jan 1938 - 10 Oct 1945 Occupied by Japan
02 Jun 1949 Under Communist control
Mayors
1929 Wu Szu-yü (Wu Siyu) ............................. 1886-1961
(acting)
1929 - 1930 Ma Fu-hsiang (Ma Fuxiang) ....................... 1876-1932
1930 Ke Chin-ken (Ge Jingen) ......................... 1889-1979
(acting)
1930 - 1931 Hu Jo-yü (Hu Ruoyu) ............................. 1895-1962
1931 - 1937 Shen Hung-li (Shen Hongli) ...................... 1882-1969
1938 - 1939 Tin Te-hsien (Din Dexian)
(acting)
1939 - 1943 Chao Ch'i (Zhao Qi) ............................. 1882-1957
(appointed by Nanking)
1943 - 1945 Yao Tso-pin (Yao Zuobin) ........................ 1893-1951
(appointed by Nanking)
1945 - 1948 Li Hsien-liang (Li Xianliang) ................... 1904-1993
22 Jul 1948 - 12 Feb 1949 Kung Hsüeh-sui (Gong Xuesui) .................... 1895-1968
12 Feb - 14 May 1949 Ch'in Te-ch'un (Qin Dechun) ..................... 1893-1963
14 May - 02 Jun 1949 Sun Chi-ting (Sun Jiding) ....................... 1887-1978
(acting)
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